2022年初中英语宾语从句用法讲解以及配套练习.docx

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1、精品_精品资料_中学英语宾语从句用法及配套练习一. 宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语.依据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类.1. 由 that 引导的宾语从句. That 只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略.例如：He said that he wanted to stay at homeS. he doesn t know that she is seriously ill. I am sure that he will succeed.2. 由连接代词 who, whom, whose, what

2、, which 和连接副词 when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句.这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分.例如：Do you know who whom they are waiting for. He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is.I don kntow why the train is late.3. 由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句. If 和 whether 在句中的意思是 “是否”.例如： I want to kno

3、w if whether he lives there. He asked me whether if I could help him.二. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序.例如：I hear that physics isn t easy. I think that you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo.Please tell me when we ll have the meeting.三. 宾语从句的时态1. 假如主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态.如：

4、 I don t think that you are right.Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station.2. 假如主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时）.例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter.He said

5、that he would go back to the U.S. soon.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_3. 假如宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时.例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.四.直接引语与间接引语引述别人的原话叫直接引语, 用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语. 这两种引语都是宾语从句, 但直接引语放在引号内, 不用连词连接. 间接引语不用引

6、号, 通常用连词与主句联接.直接引语变间接引语：1、变人称 （动词的变化可依据实际情形,可用say, tell, ask, beg等）假如从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰.从句中的人称要依据主句的人称变化.She said,“ My brother wants to go shopping with me.”She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her.假如从句中的主语或宾语是其次人称或被其次人称所修饰.从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一样.假如引号外的主句没有宾语,也可以用第一人称.He said to Kate,“ How

7、 is your sister now.”He asked to Kate how her sister was then. He said,“ You are too clever.”He said to me I was too clever. He said he was too clever.He asked,“ Is yfoauthr er older than your mother.”He asked me if my father is older than my mother.假如从句中的主语或宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰,从句中的人称一般不需要变化.Mr. Smith

8、said,“ Jack is a good studeMntr. Smith”said Jack he was a good boy.2、变时态主句时态为一般过去时,直接引语变间接引语时态要做相应的变化：一般现在时变为一般过去时, 现在进行时变为过去进行时, 一般将来时变为过去将来时可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_现在完成时变为过去完成时, 一般过去时变为过去完成时, 过去完成时仍为过去完成时过去进行时仍为过去进行时某些代词, 限定词,表示时间或的点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规章如下：直接引语间接引语todaythat daynowthen, at that momen

9、tyesterdaythe day beforethe day before yesterdaytwo days beforetomorrowthe next day / the following daythe day after tomorrowtwo days after, / in two daysnext week/ month etcthe next week/month etclast week/ month etcthe week / month etc. beforeheretherethisthatthesethosecomegobringtake以下情形时态不变主句时态为

10、各种现在时或一般将来时可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He says,“ I cleaned the room.直接引语是客观真理He s”ays he cleaned the room.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_The teacher said,“ The earth moves around the sun.” The teacher said the earth moves around the sun.直接引语中的情态动词没有过去式或已为过去式The doctor said,“ You should stay in bed for 2 days.”

11、 The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.直接引语中有详细的过去某年、某月、某日作状语可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Jack said,“ I was born on April 21, 1980J.ack said”he was born on April 21, 1980.直接引语假如是一般现在时,表示一种反复显现或习惯性的动作,变成间接引语时态不变.He said,“ I get up at six every morning.He said h”e gets up at six every morning.3、变

12、状语时间状语变化： now 变为 then.yesterday变为 the day before; today 变为 that day. He said,“ I want to go swimming now. He sa”id he wanted to go swimming then.的点状语变化 特别表示方向性的 ： here 变为 there可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He said,“ You should come here at 7:00H.指示代词变化： this 变为 thate said”I should go there at 7:00.可编辑资料 -

13、 - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He said,“ This book is mine. He s”aid that book was his.4、变句型陈述句变为以that 引导的宾语从句.He said,“ I m very gladH.e sa”id that he was very glad.一般疑问句变为以ifwhether 引导的宾语从句.He said,“ Can you come this afternoon, John.He aske”d if whether John could come that afternoon.特别疑问句变为由who, what, when 等疑

14、问句引导的宾语从句.He said,“ Where is Mr. Wang.He”said where Mr. Wang was.直接引语是祈使句变为tell（ ask, order, beg等） sb. not to do sth.句型 “ Open the door, please,” said she. MaryShsaeidasked him me to open the door.直接引语是 let 开s头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“ suggest +动名词或从句”He said,“ Let s go to see the movHieess.ugges”ted going

15、to see the movies. He suggested that they should go to see the movies.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_宾语从句专项练习一、单项挑选题1. Do you know during the coming summer holiday.A. what will Tom doB. what did Tom doC. what Tom will doD. what Tom did2. I want to know .A. what is his nameB. what s his nameC. that his name

16、 isD. what his name is3. Do you know I could pass the exam.A. thatB. whetherC. whatD. which4. Jim doesn t understand .A. which is the way to the museumB. why his wife always goes shoppingC. what is the way to the museumD. why does she always go shopping5. -Could you tell me she is looking for.A. tha

17、tB. whoseC. whoD. which6. Mr. King didn t know yesterday evening.A. when does his son come homeB. when his son comes homeC. when did his son come homeD. when his son came home7. Could you tell me the bike this morning.A. how does he mendB. how he mendsC. how he mendedD. how did he mend8. -I m waitin

18、g for thme ail. Do you know it will arrive.-Usually it comes by 4: 00.A. howB. whereC. whenD. what9. -Excuse me, would you please tell me .-Certainly. Go straight along here. It s next to a hospital.A. how we can get to the post officeB. how can we get to the post officeC. how get to the post office

19、D. how could we get to the post office10. -Can I help you.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_-Yes. I d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me take to get there.A. how soon will itB. how soon it willC. how long it willD. how long will it11. He wanted to know .A. whether he speaks at the meetingB. when the

20、 meeting would startC. what he s going to do atmtheeetingD. where would the meeting be held12. -Could you tell me the Bamboo Garden.-The day after tomorrow, I think.A. when will you visitB. when you will visitC. when would you visitD. when you would visit13. Would you please tell me next, Mr. Wang.A

21、. what should we doB. we should do whatC. what we should doD. should we do what14. You can t imagine when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excitedB. how excited they wereC. how excited were theyD. they were how excited15. I want to know you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow

22、.A. thatB. whenC. whereD. whether16. -Could you tell me .-Sorry, I don t know. I was not atetheetinmg.A. what does he say at the meetingB. what did he say at the meetingC. what he says at the meetingD. what he said at the meeting17. -Could you tell me last night.-Er, I was watching Euro 2022 at home

23、.A. what you were doingB. what were you doingC. what you are doingD. what are you doing18. The teacher asked the students .A. if they were interested in dinosaursB. when was Albert Einstein bornC. what they will do with the computersD. how many trees they have planted19. Every morning the patients a

24、re asked if their temperature taken.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A. they had hadB. have they hadC. they have hadD. had they had20. It s up to you to decide you ll go there, by air or by road.A. howB. whyC. thatD. when二、依据汉语句子的意思完成以下英语句子1. 李明说他对玩电脑嬉戏感爱好.Li Ming says interested in playing computer games.2.

25、 我认为玛丽不回来了.I don t think Mary .3. 山姆给我说他预备去上海.Sam told me that he for Shanghai.4. 请你告知我去钟楼怎麽走吗？Could you tell me I can get to the Bell Tower.5. 父亲说他买了一台新电脑.Father said that he a new computer.6. 我想知道今日晚上仍有没有去北京的火车.I want to know there is a train to Beijing.7. 你知道一个双人间多少钱吗？Do you know a double room .8

26、. 请你告知我我们外出多长时间好吗？Could you tell me we re going to be away.9. 叔叔说他正在写一本新小说.Uncle said that he a new novel.10. 杰克说他有重要事情要做.Jack said he something important to do.直接引语与间接引语练习请将下面的直接引语变成间接引语：1. “ I never eat meat.” he said.He said that never meat.2. “ I have found my wallet.” he said to me.可编辑资料 - - -

27、欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He me that he wallet.3. The teacher said,“ The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun in the east and down in the west.4. “ You must come here before five.” he said. He said that I to go before five.5. He said,“ You can sit here, Jim.”He Jim that h

28、e sit there6. “ Do you know where she lives.” he asked.He asked knew where she .7. “ Stop making so much noise, children.” he said.He the children making so much noise.8. “ Don t tell him the news.” she said.She told me him the news.9. “ Are you interested in this.” he said.He I was interested in .1

29、0. “ I took it home with me.” she said.She said that it home with .11. “ I mheet r yesterday.” He said to me.He me that he met .12. “ I boughtethhouse 10 yearsago. ” he said.He said that he bought the house 10 years .13. He asked,“ How did you find it, mother.”He asked her mother found it.14. “ Wher

30、e have you been these days.” he asked.He asked me been days.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_宾语从句练习答案一. 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C6.D 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.C11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.A 19.C 20.A二. 1.he is 2.will come 3.was leaving 4.how 5.had bought 6.if whether 7.how much8.how long 9.was writing 10.had可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载