2022年初中定语从句讲解及练习.docx

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1、精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载Unit6-7中学定语从句讲解及练习一定义：在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句.如： 1 The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2 You must do everything that I do.上面两句中的man 和 everything是定语从句所修饰的词, 叫先行词, 定语从句放在先行词的后面. 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who宾格 who,全部格 whose和关系副词 where, when

2、、why 关系词常有三个作用： 1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句1. who 指人,在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 2Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom 指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略.(1) Mr. Liu is the person whom you talked about. 留意：关系代词 whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用who 代替,可省略.3 The m

3、an who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. whic在h 句子中做主语 (2) This is the pen which he bought yesterday. whic在h 句子中做宾语 4. that 指人时,相当于who 或者 whom.指物时,相当于which. 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略.(5) The people that/who come to vis

4、it the city are all here在. 句子中做主语 (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning.在 句子中做宾语 5. whose通常指人, 也可指物,在定语从句中做定语 如指物, 它仍可以同of which互换,指人的时候也可以用of whom代替）(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替=The classroom the door of

5、which is broken will soon be repaired.（ 3Do you like the book whose color is yellow.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow.定 语 从 句 练 习练习一请分析一下定语从句： 请划出定语从句,并标出先行词1. Check the ways you study for an English test.附练习（一）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2. Another thing that I

6、found very difficult was English grammar.3. You couldn t undetarsnd people who talked fast.4. I have some ideas that may help.5. They said something you didn t like.6. Can you think of any problems you have had recently.8. He would always take pride in everything good I do.9. My friends and I talked

7、 about the rules that we have in school.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载10. What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey. 12.If you know anyone else who collects them, p

8、lease tell me.13. Standing very closeto the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries.14. If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them.15. All I ever wanted to do was traveling.二、用关系代词填空： that、which 、who、 whom 、whose 1.This is the man wants to see you.2. The student

9、answered the question is Zhang Hua.3. The man you went to see has come.4. The man I met yesterday lent me some money.5. The woman you saw is our geography teacher.6. The runner you are asking about is over there.7. The person you should write to is Mr. Ball.8. The man was passing by saw what happene

10、d.9. Here is the pen you lost the day before yesterday. 10.These books you lent me were very useful.11. The storybook I have just read cannot be forgotten.12. A clock is a machine tells people the time.13. This is shirt I bought yesterday.14. A dictionary is a book gives the meaning to the word.15.

11、The book is on the table is mine.16. The film they are talking about is very interesting.17. I will never forget the people and the places I have visited.18. Is there anyone family is in Beijing.19. Show me the boy mother is a well-known singer.20. The boy father is a teacher is good at English.三、单项

12、挑选 1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady comes from Beijing.A. whoB. whichC. whomD. whose 2. What s the name of the program .A. which are listeningB. you are listening toC. to that you are listeningD. that you are listening3. The students were all interested you told them yesterday.A. in whichB

13、. in that thisC. all thatD. in everything 4. He was the only person in his office was invited.A. whomB. whoseC. thatD. which 5. This is the museum we visited last year.A. whereB. in whichC. whichD. in that 6. Charlie told his mother all had happened.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. who 7. Do you know the st

14、udent .A. whom I often talkB. with who I often talkC. I often talk withD. that I often talk可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载 8. I like the house windows face south.A. whoseB. who s

15、C. itsD. its 9. Would you tell me where to get the dictionary .A. what I needB.I needC. which I need itD. that I need it10.The young woman I spoke just now is a young doctor.A. whoB. to whomC. whomD. that三）关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词 =介词 +关系代词why=for whichwhere=in/ at/ . which 介词同先行词搭配 when=during/ on/ in/

16、. which 介词同先行词搭配1. where是关系副词,用来表示的点的定语从句.2. when引导定语从句表示时间 注 值得一提的是,表示时间“time 一词 的定语从句只用when 引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导.练习二1） . Is this the factory you visited the other day.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. the one2 Is this factory some foreign friends visited last Friday.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the o

17、ne3） Is this the factory he worked ten years ago.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one4） Do you still remember the day we first met.A. thatB. whenC. whatD. on that 5）October 1,1949 is the day well never forget.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. in which6) October 1,1949 was the day the Peoples Republic of China w

18、as founded.A. whichB. whenC. whereD. in which7). This is the reason he didnt come to the meeting.A. in whichB. with whichC. thatD. for which四. 非 限制性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立.1. which 引可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑

19、资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载导的非限制性定语从句作用是说明前面整个句子的情形或主句的某一部分Unit8短语动词讲解A 动词 +介词of,after,for,about,at名词,代词须放后面.常见的有 ：agree with同意. 的看法 想法;符合belong to属于wait for/等候come from来自get to 到达.fall off 从. 掉下knock at /on敲门、窗 laugh at 嘲笑look after 照管,照看look at 看;观看look for 查

20、找look like 看起来像listen to 听.pay for sth. 付钱;支付talk about 说话;谈话;谈论talk with 与. 交谈think about考虑ask for 恳求;询问B) 动词 +副词 up,down,away,out,off名词可前可后,代词须放中间.常见的有：put on 穿上;戴上;戏剧等 上演;cut down 砍倒clean up清除;整理洁净come down 下来;落come out 出来;显现;花开;发芽come over过来;顺便来访 drop off 放下某物;下车eat up 吃光;吃完fall down 跌倒;从. 落下fin

21、d out 查出真相get back 回来;取回give up 舍弃go over 过一遍 ;认真检hand in 交上来shut down把. 关上hurry up 赶快look out 留神;留意look over 认真检查look up 向上看 ;抬头看pass on 传递;转移到 .pick up 捡起;捡起put away放好;把. 收起来put down 把某物放下来put up 挂起;举起 try on 试穿衣服、鞋等 ;试戴帽子等 try out 试验;尝试turn down 关小;调低turn on 打开电灯、煤气、自来等 turn off 关电灯、收音机、煤气、turn o

22、ver 使翻过来 wake up 醒来wear out 把. 穿旧;磨坏work out 算出;制订出write down写下run away 流失;逃跑;逃走set off 动身;动身;启程send up 发射;把. 往上送trip over 被. 绊倒C) be +形容词 +介词be angry with对某人发脾可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - -

23、- - -学习必备欢迎下载be angry with 对某人发脾be angry with 对某人发脾be angry with 对某人发脾ake off 脱掉衣服throw about乱丢;抛撒take out 取出.气be interested in对. 感爱好 be able to 能;会be afraid of可怕be amazed at对. 感到惊奇 be excited about对. 感到兴奋 be filled with用. 布满be full of 布满. 的be good at = do well in 在. 方面做得好 ;善于 be late for 迟到be made

24、in在. 生产或制造be made of由. 组成;由. 构成 be pleased with对. 感到中意 be proud of以. 骄傲兴奋be used for用于D动词+名词/ 代词beg ones pardon请原谅 ;对不起 do morning exercises做早操 do ones homework做作业enjoy oneself = have a good time过得欢乐 ;玩得开心give a concert开音乐会go boating 去划船go fishing 去钓鱼go hiking 去徒步旅行go skating 去滑冰go shopping 去买东西have

25、 a cold 患感冒have a cough 患咳嗽have a headache 患头痛 have a try 尝试;努力have a look看一看have a rest休息可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载have a seat = take a seat 就坐;坐下 have sports进行体育活动have sup

26、per吃晚餐hear of 听说hold a sports meeting举办运动会make a decision作出打算 make a mistake犯错误 make a noise吵闹 make faces做鬼脸 make friends交伴侣 make money赚钱take ones place坐某人的座位 ;代替某人的职务 teach oneself =learn by oneself 自学take photos照相take time 花费时间 take turns 轮番watch TV 看电视E动词+ 名词/ 代词/ 副词+介词catch up with赶上come up with

27、找到;提出答案、解决方法等 get on well with与. 相处融洽give birth to生孩子help yourself / yourselves to自取;任凭吃 make room for给. 腾出的方play a joke on戏弄人 ;对人恶作剧speak highly of赞扬say good bye to辞别;告别 take an active part in积极参与 take care of照管;照管;留意F其他类型be awake 醒着的be born 诞生be busy doing忙着做 . come true 实现do ones best尽最大努力fall as

28、leep 睡觉;入睡go home 回家go on doing sth. 连续做某事 ;尽力get married结婚get together相聚可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载go straight along沿着. 始终往前走 had better do 最好做.keep doing sth. 始终做某事make sure 确保;确认;查明make up ones mind下决心可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载