2022年初中一般现在时与现在进行时语法详解及习题.docx

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1、精品_精品资料_一般现在时一、概述一般现在时表示习惯性、常常性、 反复性的动作或存在的状态.“习惯性、 常常性、 反复性”是一般现在时的三大特性,它不表示特定时间内发生的事.用法：1常常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态.e.g.I go to school on foot.He is very busy now.2表示主语的特点、性格、才能、爱好等.e.g.He can swim.I work hard.I like watching TV.3表示客观真理e.g.There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth.二、一般现

2、在时的结构时态的结构指的是动词的变化形式.一般现在时间有两种结构,一种是动词原形,用于主语为非第三人称时的情形.另一种为动词的第三人称单数形式,用于主语为第三人称时的情形.Eg1.We often get up early in the morning. Eg2.My father often gets up early in the morning.三、谈谈“主语为三单,其后动词s 添”在一般现在时中, 当主语为第三人称单数时, 谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式. 可以简洁表达为“主语为三单, 其后动词 s 添”.何谓第三人称单数？用一句话概括就是 “非你、 非我、非复数”,如 he, she,

3、 it, my father, my mother, my sister, our English teacher, Tom, Mike, Liu Jia,China, my book, etc.Eg3.He sometimes goes to school by bike. Eg4.My father works in the hospital as a doctor.四、动词第三人称单数变化规章动词第三人称变化的规章与可数名词复数变化的规章相同.规章一、一般在词尾加-s.如： looks, puts. reads, sees, skis 等.规章二、以 -o, -s, -x, -sh, -

4、ch 结尾的加 -es.如： goes, does, misses, passes, mixes, fixes, pushes, wishes, watches, teaches,等.规章三、以辅音字母加y 结尾的,变y 为 i,再加 -es.留意肯定是辅音字母加y 才变,如是元音字母加y ,就直接加 -s.如： flyflies,trytries,fryfries,copycopiesbuybuys,enjoyenjoys,playplays,saysays,paypays 五、可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_一般现在时的句子转换（1）当句子中有be 动词或情态动词时,就把b

5、e 动词或情态动词can,could 等等 提到主语的前面变成一般疑问句;在 be 动词或情态动词后面加not 变成否定句 .例：陈述句： She is a student.一般疑问句 Is she a student.否定句 She is not a student.陈述句： I can swim.一般疑问句 Can you swim.否定句 I can not swim.（2）当句子中即没有 be 动词, 也没有情态动词时, 就在主语前加助动词 do you,以及复数 , does（单数 she,he,it ）变成一般疑问句.在主语后谓语动词前加助动词 don t （ I,you,以及复数

6、 , doesn t （单数 she,he,it ）变成否定句,助动词后的动词要变成动词原形.例：陈述句： We get up at 7:00 every morning. 一般疑问句 Do you get up at 7:00 every morning.否定句 We don t get up at 7:00 every morning.陈述句： She has a little brother.一般疑问句 Does she have a little brother. 否定句 She doesn t have a little brother.标志： 其时间状语为often 、 usual

7、ly、 always、 sometimes 等频率副词, on Saturdays、 in the morningafternoon evening、every day 等.特别用法 ：以下动词come, go, arrive , leave, start , begin, return 的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或支配好的事情.例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.火车明天上午六点开.When does the bus star ？ It stars in ten minutes.汽车什么时候开？非常钟后六、练习巩固

8、1.写出以下动词的三单形式go catch brush （刷） wash do like have watch drink fly say learn eat read sing buy study stay 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_make pass look carry 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_come plant 种植 teach buy 2.用括号内动词的适当形式填空.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1. We often play in the playground.2. He get up at six o clock

9、.3. you brush your teethevery morning.4. What do he usually do after school. 5.Danny studyEnglish,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art at school.6. Mike sometimes go to the parkwith his sister.7. At eight at night,she often watch TV with his parents.8. Mike read English everyday.9. Howmanylessons yourclass

10、mate have on Monday.10. What time his mother do thehousework.3.挑选题1. I to school at 7:00 in the morning.A. goB. goingC. goes2. They books every day in the library.A.readsB. readC. reading3. The monkey eating bananas very much.A.likeB. likesC. liking4. My father to read newspaper after supper every d

11、ay.A.likeB. likesC. liking5. I like watching TV, but my mother like it.A. don tB. doesn tC. does6. your father drink milk every day.A. doB. areC. does（） 7. We will go shopping if it tomorrow.A. dont rainB. didnt rain C.doesnt rainD. isnt rain（） 8. He said the sun in the east and in the west.A rose;

12、setB rises; setsC rises, setD rise; sets（） 9.Wang Mei music and often to music.A like; listenB likes; listens C like; are listeningD liking ; listen（） 10. Jenny English every evening.A has studyB studies C studyD studied4.改错 划出错误的的方,将正确的写在横线上1. Is your brother speak English. 2. Does he likes going f

13、ishing. 3. He likes play games after class. 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. 5.把以下句子变成一般疑问句（并作确定和否定回答）、否定句例： I like cooking.Do you like cooking. Yes, I do. No, I dont.I dont like cooking.1. My friends like playing soccer.2. They speak Engli

14、sh every day.3. Daniel watches TV every evening4. John is from Canada.5. Tom does his homework at home.6. My dog runs fast.7. Amy likes playing computer games.8. She can play the piano well.课后作业可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_一挑选题2. There an English film.A. will have B. is going to have C. is going to be D.

15、 is3. The picture nice.A. looks B. is looked C. look D. is looking4. She down and soon falls asleep.A. live B. lain C. laid D. lies5. They the office in time very morning.A. reach to B. arrived C. went D. get to6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you back nextweek.A. will come B. came C. w

16、ould come D. come7. The plane off.A. takes B. took C. was taken D. is take8. I see her the room this morning.A. to enterB. enteredC. enterD. enters9. The teacher asks us to school on time.A. to come B. coming C. come D. comes10. John is always others.A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help11. He tell

17、s us at eight.A. working B. to work C. work D. worked12. You d better at heomand your homework.A. to stay, do B. stay, do C. to stay, to do D. stay, to do13. He sits down a rest.A. having B. have C. to have D. had14. Uncle Wang knows a washing machine.A. how to make B. to make C. how making D. what

18、to make15. Jim decides Polly to Ling Feng when he is back to England.A. to leave B. left C. leaving D. leave一、将以下句子译成英语1. 汤姆喜爱英语.2. 他们看电视.3. 杰克是个老师.4. 妈妈在 11 点吃午饭.5. 我们踢足球.二、变否定句.1. He wants a book.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2. Jimmy washes hands before dinner.3. Lisa likes milk very much.4. They walk

19、to school.5. Lingling and Dandan are 10 years old.6. I am Chinese.7. Ben is from America.三、变一般疑问句并作确定和否定回答.1. He wants a book.2. Jimmy washes hands before dinner.3. Lisa likes milk very much.4. They walk to school.5. Lingling and Dandan are 10 years old.6. I am Chinese.7. Ben is from America.现在进行时构成

20、： Am/is/ are+ v-ing是现在进行时的构成形式一般情形V +ingfalling1. 以不发音字母e 结尾的单词去 e, +inghavingwrite-writingmake- makingride-riding take-taking2. 以 重 读 闭 音 节 结 尾 的 单 词 , 末 尾 只 有 一 个 辅 音 字 母 时 , 双 写 词 尾 字 母 +ingsit-sittingswim-swimmingput-puttingrun-running get-getting什么是音节？闭音节？重读闭音节？1, 英语单词是由字母组成的,字母构成音节.一般来讲有一个元音就是

21、一个音节.含一个元音的词叫作单音节词,含两个或两个以上元音的单词叫作双音节或多音节词.单音节可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_词都是重读音节,双音节和多音节词中一般有一个重读音节,其他的是弱读音节.2, 闭音节：闭音节是两个辅音中间有一个元音的音节.例如：not ,thank ,ten ,am,six等.3, 重读闭音节是需要重读的闭音节,假如是单音节肯定重读,但是重读符号省略 ; 假如是多音节,肯定有一个需要重读.重读闭音节（辅音 1+元音 +辅音 2）中的辅音 2 在构词法中要双写,假如不重读,如 listen 中的其次个音节 ten 闭音节 中的 n 就不用双写, 由于重读

22、在第一个音节 lis 上特别变化 或者说以Ie 为结尾的重读闭音节的动词 的现在分词有3 个 : lying lie,dying dietying tie这些以 ie结尾要去e 再把 I 变 y 再加 ing 基本用法 1 表示说话时正在进行的动作常和 now 连用,有时用一个动词如look （看）、listen（听）来表示now（现在）这一时间 概念.Look； A train is coming.看；火车来了Listen； He is playing the piano.听；他在弹钢琴. 2 表示现阶段正在进行着的动作但不肯定是说话时正在进行.常和at present （目前）、thisw

23、eek（本周）、these days（这几天）等时间状语连用.What lesson are you studying this week？你们本周学哪一课了？（说话时并不在学） 3 现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按方案或支配要进行的动作即是说可以用来代替将来时,但此时, 一般要与表示将来的时间状语连用,而且仅限于少量动词.如： go（去）、come（来）、leave （离开）、 start（开头）、arrive（到达）、return（返回）、sleep （睡觉）、Are you going to Tianjing tomorrow？你明天去天津吗？How many of you are

24、Coming to the party next week？ 你们有多少人下周要来参与晚会？ 4 be going to+动词原形这一句型表示即将发生的事或准备（预备）做的事,我们把它归在将来时里了.she isnt going to speak at the meeting.她不准备在会议上发言.留意： 假如没有表示将来时间的状语,此类句子就可能指现在或现阶段的动作.Where are you going next week？下周你方案去哪儿？用现在进行时表示将来时,由于有 next week（下周） 这一时间状语. Where are you going？你现在去哪儿？由于没有表示将来时的

25、时间状语,所以就按句型来翻译,即现在进行时. 5 一般现在时和现在进行时的区分一般现在时表示常常性的动作.而现在进行时表示临时性的动作. He walks to work.他步行上班. （习惯、常常性的动作） Hes walking to work because his bike is being repaired.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_他现在走着上班,由于他的自行车正在修理.（只是临时的情形）Where does he live？他家住在哪儿？（询问一般的情形）Where is he living（ staying）？他这几天住在哪儿？（询问临时一段时间的情形）

26、6 现在进行时有时可用来代替一般现在时,表达说话人的某种感情,使句子有剧烈的感情颜色.常与always , forever连用.You are always forgetting the important thing.你总是把重要的事情忘掉.（表达出不满的心情）Mary is doing fine work at school.玛丽在学校学习得挺不错.现在进行时练习一、按要求改写句子1. The boy is playing basketball.否定句： 一般疑问句： 确定回答： 否定回答： 对“The boy”提问： 二、单项挑选（） 1. 我在照看孩子.AI am looking af

27、ter the baby.BIm look aftering the baby. CI look am aftering the baby.DI looking after the baby.2. friends making a kite. AI,meBMy,my CMy,meDHis,his3.Is the woman wearing yellow your teacher. AinBputting onCwearingDhaving4.Look.The twins their mother do the housework. Aare wantingBhelpCare helpingDa

28、re looking5. are the birds doing. They are singing in a tree.AWhoBWhatCHowDWhere 6.Is she something.(A) eatBeatingCeattingDeats 7.你在干什么 .AWhat is you doing.BWhat are you do. CWhat are you doing.DWhat do you do. 8.What are you listening .A/BforCatDto 9.我正在听他说话.AI listening to him.BIm listening to him

29、. CIm listen to him.DIm listening him.10.They are their clothes.AmakeingBputtingCput awayDputting on 11.Listen. She in the classroom.Ais singingBsingCto singDis sing12.Today Jim his white shirt and brown trousers.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Ais putting onBwearCput onDis wearing 13. are you eating.Im eat

30、ing meat.AWhat,someBWhich,anyCWhere,notDWhat,a 14.They TV in the evening.They do their homework.(A) are watching Bcant watching Cdont watchDdont watching15.The children football.(A) is playingBare playingCplay theDplay a 16.They are flying kites.A他们喜爱放风筝.B他们在放风筝吗.C他们在放风筝.D他们常放风筝. 17.Look,They are sw

31、imming in the river.I want you.(A) to go withBgo with ChelpingDhelp 18.Look.Lucy is a new bike today.AjumpingBrunningCridingDtakeing三、用现在进行时完成以下句子: 1.What you do. 2.I sing an English song.3.What he mend. 4.He mend a car.5. you fly a kite.Yes, . 6. she sit in the boat.7. you ask questions. 8.We play

32、games now.四写出以下动词的现在分词stand swim play watch skaterun sleep jump walk ride clean make wash do go listen play come sing have write dance sit read 课后习题现在进行时专练一 用括号中动词的适当形式填空：1. My parents （ watch ） TV now.2. Look. Three boys （ run ）.3. What your mother （ do）. now.4. your dog now.（sleep ）5. you （ listen

33、） . to music. Yes, I am.6. Look, Miss Chen football.（ play ）7. Tom and his sister （ wait ） for you over there.8. Now Class 3 and Class 4 （ have ）a test.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_9. Listen, someone 10. Where is Zhang Yan.（ sing ）in the classroom.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ She （ ta

34、lk） with her teacher in the teacher s office.11. What are you do now. I eat bread.12. Its nine oclock. My father - work in the office.13. Look, the boy put the rubbish into the bin.14. he clean the classroom. No, he isnt. He play.15. Where is Mark. He run on the grass.16. Listen, who sing in the mus

35、ic room. Oh, Mary sing there.17.do you like animals. Yes, I What are you .I am my. homework. 18.danceMy sister likes .She can well. Now she is 19.swimHer parents can They like They are now二挑选填空：（） 1. Who over there now.A. singing B. are sing C. is singing（ 2. Its nine ten. The students a music class.A. hav B. having C. are having（） 3. Listen. The boy A. crying B. is crying C. cries（） 4. Don t talk here. Grandparents .A. sleep B. is sleepin C. are sleeping（ ） 5. Is the man tea or milk.A. drinks B. drink C. drinking可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载