高一外研版英语必修4同步课件 Module 2 Traffic Jam 第2课时 Reading（ 2013高考）.ppt

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1、 1raise vt. 1)抬高；举起 He raised his arms above his head. 他把手臂举过头顶。 2)提高；增加 They raised their offer to 500. 他们将出价抬高到500美元。 3)饲养；养育；培育 They were both raised in the south. 他们俩都在南方长大的。 知识拓展 raise your glass to sb. 举杯祝酒 get a rise 得到加薪 辨析：raise与rise 1)raise 举起；升高；强调把某人或某物举起或抬起到应有的高度。raise还可用于借喻，如提高物价，提高生活水

2、平等。 She raised her eyes and looked at me. 她抬眼看了看我。 2)rise 上升；上涨；是不及物动词，指事物本身从低处升(涨)到高处。 The river is rising after the rain. 雨后河水上涨。 高考直击 (2021江西)What is the price of petrol these days? Oh, it _ sharply since last month. A. is raisedB. has risen C. has arisen D. is increased 解析：考查了时态的用法。由句中的时间状语since

3、 last month 可知该用现在完成时。而C项中arise用法不准确，当表示价格的上升时用rise。 答案：B 即学即用 Theyve_up to 20,000 yuan for the earthquakestricken area. AroseBrised CraisedDrisen 答案：C 2display n. 1)展示；陈列；表现 On New Years Eve the dispaly of fireworks offers many attractions. 除夕夜的焰火很吸引人。 2)展览品；陈列品 All the parents were looking at the

4、display of childrens works. 所有的父母都在看孩子们的作品展览。 vt. 陈列；展示；表现；显露 The childrens works were displayed on the wall. 孩子们的作品在墙上展出来了。 I have hardly seen her display any sign of emotion. 我难得见到她流露感情。 知识拓展 be on display 被展示；被陈列；在展出 put sth. on dispaly 展出某物 即学即用 His works were the first_. Adisplayed Bdisplaying

5、Cdisplay Dto be displayed 答案：D 3check vt. 检查；核对 知识拓展 check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记；报到 check out 付账后离开；检验；合格；及格 check with 与相符合；与协商 辨析：examine、check与test 1)examine通常指为了某种目的对某事进行详细的检查、询问、审问。 The doctor examined him carefully. 医生仔细检查了他的身体。 2)check通常用来指“检查；核对(账单、结果、产品质量、包裹)等。 I checked my bag to see if Id left an

6、ything. 我检查了我的提包，看看是否有东西遗漏了。 3)test表示“测验；测试；检验。 We test your English before deciding which class to put you in. 等测验过你们的英语水平后我们再决定把你们分在哪一个班。 高考直击 (2007全国卷)Do you know Annas telephone number? _. As a matter of fact, I dont know any Anna, either. AI think so BIm afraid not CI hope so DId rather not 解析：

7、此题考查日常交际用语。由上下文可知A、C与下文相矛盾；而D项意为“我宁可不；Im afraid not是Im afraid I dont know的省略，符合句意。 答案：B 即学即用 Julia said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it? Oh, really? I havent_my mailbox yet. Aexamined Breviewed Ctested Dchecked 答案：D 4permit 1)n. 许可证；通行证；执照 You cant hunt in this area without a

8、 hunting permit. 没有狩猎许可证，你不可在此区域打猎。 2)vt. 允许；容许(permitted, permitted, permitting) This problem permits no delay. 这个问题不容拖诞。 The policeman permitted him to park there. 警察允许他在那里停车。 We do not permit smoking in hospitals. 在医院里不准抽烟。 3)vi. (事物)允许；变成可能(通常在条件从句中) I will go to see you if time permits.Time Per

9、mitting, I will go to see you. 如果时间允许的话，我会去见你。 指点迷津：allow与permit allow所表示的“允许通常含有“(个人)不加阻止之意；permit的语气比allow强，含有“(正式地)许可之意，带有客观意味。 知识拓展 permit名词形式为permission，常见的与之搭配的短语为：with/without ones permission在某人的准许下/没获得的允许；ask for permission请求允许。 高考直击 (2007江苏)Can I smoke here? Sorry. We dont allow_here. Apeop

10、le smoking Bpeople smoke Cto smoke Dsmoking 解析：allow doing sth.允许做某事；allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事，二者均为allow的固定用法。 答案：D 即学即用 (2021湖北八校模拟)The party will be held in the garden, weather_. Apermitted Bpermits Cpermit Dpermitting 答案：D 5provide vt. 供给；提供 They provide(us)breakfast at 7 on Sundays. 星期天他们7点供给

11、早餐。 The trees provide shade for us. 这些树为我们提供阴凉。 知识拓展 1)同根词：provider n. 供给者；提供者 2)providing/provided(that)的意思是“在情况下；倘使；倘假设。 辨析：provide, offer与supply单词单词用法用法搭配搭配例句例句provide供应；供应；供给供给with sth.provide sb. provide sth. for sb.His company provided him with a car. 他的公司给他配了一辆汽车。他的公司给他配了一辆汽车。Sheep provide wo

12、ol for us.羊供给我们羊毛。羊供给我们羊毛。offer主动提主动提供供offer sb. sth.offer sth. to sb.He offered me help when I was in trouble. 我困难时他主动帮了我。我困难时他主动帮了我。offer some coffee to the guests给客人端些咖啡给客人端些咖啡supply供给；供给；提供提供supply sb. with sth.supply sth. to sb.Cows supply us with milk. 牛供给我们牛奶。牛供给我们牛奶。The government supplies f

13、ree books to students.政府免费给学生供应书籍。政府免费给学生供应书籍。 即学即用 His son_the old man with all the food and the money he needed. Aprovided Bfed Coffered Dgave 答案：A 6avoid vt. 1)防止；防止 The accident could have been avoided. 这个事故本来是可以防止的。 2)回避；避开 You should avoid mentioning his name. 你应防止提及他的名字。 注意：该词后接动词时，用ing形式，注意复

14、合结构。 They built a wall to avoid soil being washed away. 他们建了一堵墙以防水土流失。 知识拓展 英语中某些及物动词后习惯跟动名词作宾语，这类常用的动词是： 防止错过少延期(avoid, miss, put off/postpone) 建议完成多练习(suggest, finish, practise) 喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy, imagine, cant help) 成认否认与嫉妒(admit, deny, envy) 逃避冒险莫原谅(escape, risk, excuse) 忍受保持别介意(stand, keep, mind) D

15、o you mind opening the window? 翻开窗子，你介意吗？ After supper, Mary suggested taking a walk along the river bank. 晚饭后，玛丽建议沿着河边散散步。 即学即用 _any mistakes when you fill in the important form. AMake BAvoid CStop DGuard 答案：B 7fare n. 辨析：fee与fare 1)fee指付给专业人员的“报酬，如：专业效劳费、咨询费等；也可指“入场费、入会费、学费等。 pay the lawyers fees付

16、律师费；membership fees会费 2)fare指“车船费；票价。 train(rail)fares 火车票价 Children travel at half fare. 儿童交通费减半。 知识拓展 a bus/taxi fare 公共汽车/出租汽车费 a single fare 单程票价 roundtrip fare 周游票价；来回票价 economy fares 经济舱票价 travel at half/full/reduced fare 半价/全价/减价票旅行 即学即用 His school_has been decreased because of his poverty. A

17、fee Bfare Cmoney Dpermit 答案：A 8impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；感人的 His performance in the film Hero is most impressive. 他在电影?英雄?中的表演给人留下了深刻的印象。 知识拓展 1)impress v. 给人留下深刻的印象 be impressed with 对有深刻的印象 impress sth. on/upon sb.impress sb. with sth. 使(人)印象深刻；使铭记 be impressed by/at/with 被深深打动/感动 impress sth. in/on

18、 ones memory 使铭记在心 be favourably/unfavourably impressed 得到好/不好的印象 Shes always trying to impress people with her new clothes. 她总喜欢穿上新衣服引人注意。 My father impressed on me the value of hard work. 我父亲让我铭记艰苦劳动的价值。 2)impression n. 印象，感想 ones impression of sb./sth. 某人对的印象 get/obtain a good/bad impression of.

19、得到对的好/坏的印象 leave/make a deep impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻的印象 高考直击 ( 2 0 2 1 安 徽 ) C h i n a h a s g o t a good_for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization. Areputation Binfluence Cimpression Dknowledge 解析：考查了名词的辨析。句意为“中国因为在与流感斗争中的仔细和顺利的组织而获得好评。reputation意为“名誉；名望；impression意为“印

20、象；感想；influence意为“影响。 答案：A 即学即用 His parents impressed the importance of study_him. Afor Bwith Cof Don 答案：D 9view vt. 观看；仔细看；认为；把看作是；n. 意见；看法；视野；景色 In my view it was a waste of time. 依我看，这是浪费时间。 The sun disappeared from view. 太阳从视野中消失了。 知识拓展 1)viewer n. 电视观众；观看者 viewpoint n. 观点；看法；角度 (同)outlook 景色；前景

21、sight 景致 2)at first view 初看；一见(就) in ones view 依照某人的见解 on a long view 从长远看 on a short view 从目前看；从短时期看 view.as. 把视为 in view of sth. 鉴于；考虑 on view 在展出；陈列 come into view/sight 出现在眼前；可以被看得见 辨析：scene，scenery，sight与view scene, scenery, sight和view都有景象的含义。 1)scene指展现出眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一局部，大多包括景物中的人及活动在内。 Th

22、e scene after the earthquake was horrible. 地震后的场景十分可怕。 2)scenery指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色。 The scenery as one travels by boat along the Changjiang Three Gorges is marvellous. 坐船浏览长江三峡的时候，两岸的风景美不胜收。 3)sight那么既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观，又可以指名胜、风景，只是在表示后者的含义时，必须要用复数。与view或者scenery最大的不同就在于，当sight指景物时，它多指某地特有的名胜。 We hav

23、e seen the historical sights of London. 我们游览了伦敦的名胜古迹。 4)view常指从远处或高处看到的scenery的一局部，有时可与scene互换。 The mountain hotel offered magnificent views. 从山间旅行社可以看到壮丽的景观。 高考直击 (2007安徽)The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common_in many parts of the city. Alook Bsign Csight D. appearance 解析：sig

24、ht意为“风景；look意为“表情 ； s i g n 意 为 “ 迹 象 ； 现 象 ；appearance意为“出现；显露。 答案：C 即学即用 Although I like the appearance of the house, what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful_through the window. Ascene Blook Cview Dpicture 答案：C 10follow vt. & vi. 1)跟随 The children followed their mother into the room

25、. 孩子们跟着母亲进了房间。 2)明白；理解 I didnt follow his line of reasoning. 我不明白他的推理方法。 3)听从；服从 The soldiers must follow the officers orders. 士兵们必须执行军官的命令。 知识拓展 1)following prep. & adj. & n. (1)作形容词，表示“第二；下一；下述的；下面的。 On the following day, the patient asked for a bedside telephone. 第二天，这个病人要了一部床头 机。 (2)作介词，后接短语作状语或

26、宾语。 On Monday afternoon following Lauras visit, Martin arranged for us both to meet Howard at his school. 在劳拉访问后的星期一下午，马丁为我们两个安排了在学校会见霍华德。 2)as follows 如下 it follows that 由此得出结论；因而断定 It reads as follows. 全文如下。 即学即用 (2021哈师大附中模拟)The teacher entered the classroom, _. Which of the answer is not right?

27、Aa group of students followed him Ba group of students following him Cfollowed by a group of students Dand a group of students followed him 答案：A 11construction n. 建筑；建筑物；解释 The new airport is still under construction. 新机场仍在修建中。 知识拓展 under construction (正在)修建中 put a construction on sth. 对某事物作某种解释(一般指

28、对言语、行为等) put the best/worst construction on sth. 往最好/最坏的方面去解释 put a false construction on 成心曲解 单词积累 construct vt. 建造；构造；创立 constructive adj. 建设性的 constructional adj. 装配的；构造的；解释上的 即学即用 Its agreed that his proposal is_. Aconstructional Binstruct Cinstructed Dconstructive 答案：D 12convenient adj. 适宜的；方便的

29、 Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow? 明天开始工作对你方便吗？ 知识拓展 convenient的名词为convenience 1)U适合；方便 Please come at your convenience. 请在你方便的时候前来。 2)C便利的事物；便利设施 at your convenience 在你方便的时候 for conveniences sake 为方便起见 convenience food 便利食品 注意： 1)convenient作表语时，主语不能为人，而是用事物作主语或用it充当形式主语，类似用法的还有i

30、mportant, necessary, possible, probable等。 2)只能与“for sb.不定式连用。 3)作表语时接不定式的主动形式。 高考直击 ( 2 0 2 1 浙 江 ) T h e r e a r e p l e n t y o f jobs_in the western part of the country. Apresent Bavailable Cprecious Dconvenient 解析：考查形容词词义。句意：该国的西部有足够的工作岗位。available“可找到的；可获得的；可购得的； present“出席的；到场的；现在的； precious“珍

31、贵 的 ； 珍 爱 的 ； 贵 重 的 ； convenient“便利的；方便的。 答案：B 即学即用 Our new house is very_for me as I can get to the office in five minutes. Areasonable Bcomfortable Cconvenient Davailable 答案：C 13advantage n. 优势；长处；利益；便利 Mary speaks good English, but she has an advantage because her mother is English. 玛丽的英语讲得很好，因为她

32、有优势，她妈妈是英国人。 知识拓展 be of advantage to 对有利 win/have/get/gain an/the advantage over/of 胜过；优于 give sb. an advantage 使某人处于更有利的地位 have the advantage of 比强；胜过 take advantage of 对加以利用；乘机利用 to sb.s advantage 对有利 You have the advantage of me. 你比我强。 单词积累 disadvantage n. 不利；短处 即学即用 Havent you learned of the adv

33、antage you should_others weak points in order to win the match? Amake on Bmake of Chave to Dtake of 答案：D 14situation n. 1)情况；状况；形势；局面 Im now in a difficult situation. 我现在处境困难。 2)地理位置；环境特点；同义词为position。 Here is an ideal situation for a nursery school. 这儿是托儿所的理想特点。 注意：在定语从句中，假设situation作先行词，从句中缺少状语时，关

34、系词用where，类似的词还有stage, point, case等。 辨析：condition, situation, state 三个词都有“情况；形势的意思，作为名词condition多用复数形式，当我们要求具体的工作，生活、学习的环境和条件时，需用conditions；而situation常用单数，侧重“形势；情景；处境；局面等，state为常用词，指“人或物存在或所处的状态，但不着重表示“这种状态与具体原因或条件的关系。 What are conditions like in your school? 你们学校条件如何？ He is in a good state. 他身体健康。 高

35、考直击 (1)(2021江西)Shall we go out for a walk? Sorry. This is not the right_to invite me. I am too tired to walk. Amoment Bsituation Cplace Dchance 解析：答语意为“现在邀我散步不合时宜，(因为)我累得走不了路。moment“时机；时刻；situation“形势；情况；place“地方；chance“时机，此题侧重时间，因此A正确。 答案：A (2)(2021福建)Its helpful to put children in a situation_they

36、 can see themselves differently. AthatBwhen CwhichDwhere 解析：考查定语从句。先行词是situation，指物，亦可指地点，关系词在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where，选D。 答案：D 即学即用 School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous_. Astates Bconditon Csituations Dposition 答案：C 1get around 四处走动；旅行；避开；逃避 I dont want to stay at home. Id like to g

37、et around. 我不想待在家里，我想要旅游。 Dont try to get around the question by changing the subject. 不要企图通过改变话题来回避问题。 知识拓展 get across 被理解；使人了解 get away with 逃避惩罚 get down to 开始；着手 get off sb. (尤用于告诉别人)别碰；走远点 get on 相处融洽(get along)；出人头地 get out of (使)逃避；防止；摆脱 get over 做完；结束；熬过 get through 接通( )；让人了解 get together 相

38、聚；聚会 get up (使)起床；起身；筹办；准备；演出 get to 到达 注意：get around(美语)get round 高考直击 (1)(2021福建卷，30)Weve just moved into a bigger house and theres a lot to do. Lets _it. Akeep up with Bdo away with Cget down to Dlook forward to 解析：句意：我们刚刚搬进这大些的房子，还有许多工作要做，让我们干起来吧。考查动词短语的辨析。A项“跟上，赶上；B项“使终止，废除；C项“开始工作，开始认真干；D项“盼望着

39、。 答案：C (2)(2021浙江卷，12)After that, he knew he could_any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability. Aget away with Bget on with Cget through Dget across 解析：句意：那件事情以后他知道了只要尽他所能，他就能渡过任何危机情况。get a w a y w i t h “ 侥 幸 逃 脱 ； g e t o n with“与相处；get through“完成；渡过；熬过；get across“解释清楚，使人了解。 答案

40、：C (3)(2021四川卷，8)Jenny was looking for a seat when, luckily, a man _ and left. Atook up Bgot up Cshut up Dset up 解析：句意：Jenny正在找座位；这时，很幸运的是，有一个人站起来走了。take up“占据，开始从事；get up“起床，起身；shut up“闭嘴；set up“建立，创立。 答案：B 即学即用 When I was young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon_it. Agot off Bgot acr

41、oss Cgot around Dgot over 答案：D 2in no time 立即；马上 The kids will be leaving home in no time. 孩子们很快就要离开家了。 注意：同义词汇和短语：soon, immediately, in a minute, at once, right now, right away, straight away 知识拓展 at a time 一次；每一次(表示动作的频度，多用于一般现在时) at one time 曾经；一度(说明过去的某一情况现在已不存在，多用于过去时态) at times/from time to ti

42、me 有时；偶尔 every time 每一次(说明动作的频度，多用于现在时) for the first/last time 第一次/最后一次(在句中作状语) all the time 总是；一直 once upon a time 曾经 take ones time 别着急；慢慢来 ahead of time 提前 behind time 晚；迟 for the time being 暂时 in time 及时；迟早 on time 准时 链接：由time构成的常用句型。 Its time for sb. to do sth. 该某人做某事了。 Its the first/second.ti

43、me(that)主语谓语(现在完成时态)其他这是某人第一/二次。 It was the first/second.time(that)主语谓语(过去完成时态)其他这是某人第一/二次。 该某人做某事了 Its first time that he had seen a film. 这是他第一次看电影。 Its high time we went to school. 我们该去学校了。 高考直击 (2021重庆)Could we see each other at 3 oclock this afternoon? Sorry, lets make it_time. Aothers Bthe oth

44、er Canother Dother 解析：此题主要考查不定代词的用法。another time意为“另外(一个)时间。句意为：“我们今天下午三点见面吧？“对不起，我们另外定个时间吧！ 答案：C 即学即用 Well succeed_because you are always working hard. Aon time Bin time Cat times Dat the time 答案：B 3under construction 在建设中 The bridge under construction is 300 meters long. 正在修建的那座桥有300米长。 知识拓展 under

45、此时的含义是“(工作)在中；正被中。 类似的词组还有： under repair 在修理中 under contract 受合同约束 under investigation 在调查中 out from under 免于忧虑 under discussion 在讨论中 under sail 扬帆行驶 即学即用 Youll have to use the stairs. Im sure that lift is out of order. Is it under_？ Yes. Arepair Bconstruction Ccontrol Dreview 答案：A 4be worth 值得 知识拓展

46、 The film is worth seeing. 这部电影值得看。 He said life wouldnt be worth living without friendship. 他说人生假设没有友情就不值得活下去了。 提示： 1)be worth后跟v.ing形式。 2)如果说“很值得，应说be well worth，而不能用very, very much或quite等修饰。 注意：英语中接doing，且主动形式表被动的词还有need, want和require。 链接： worthy的用法 The teacher is worthy of respect. 这位老师值得尊敬。 The

47、se old churches are worthy of being visited(worthy to be visited) 这些古老的教堂值得参观。 一言辨异 The article is worth reading; that is to say, it is worthy of being read. 这篇文章值得一读，也就是说，读这篇文章是值得的。 即学即用 Would you please make up a topic worth_in tomorrows conference? Adiscussing Bto be discussed Cto discussed Dbein

48、g discussed 答案：A 5have.in common 知识拓展 1)have something in common(与)有共同处，(和)一样 have much/a lot in common 有许多相同之处 have nothing/little in common 没有共同之处 They have the same tutor, so they have many things/much in common. 他们同出一师，所以有许多共同之处。 2)in common with. 和一样 In common with her mother, she is good at si

49、nging and dancing. 和她妈妈一样，她擅长唱歌和跳舞。 3)in common 公有；共用 Mr. and Mrs. Smith own the store in common. 史密斯夫妇共有这家商店。 高考直击 ( 浙江高考) L e t t e r b o x e s a r e m u c h more_in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead. Acommon Bnormal Cordinary Dusual 解析：考查形容词近义词辨析。common是(几乎)所有人或事物为共同

50、的，常见的，普通的；ordinary表示与一般事物的标准、品质、习俗相同，平凡而不特殊的；usual与过去的经验或习惯有关；normal正常的。 答案：A 即学即用 _many other boys, he liked baseball. AIn common BIn common with CIn relation to DWith relation to 答案：B 6prefer.to. prefer不可用more, most修饰。 Which of these hats do you prefer the most？(误) Which of these hats do you like