大学英语四级翻译常考句式.pdf
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1、 1 1. If you had _(听从了我的忠告,你就不会陷入麻烦). 2. With tears on her face, the lady _(看着她受伤的儿子被送入手术 室). 3. After the terrorist attack, tourists _(被劝告暂时不要去该国旅 游)。 4. I prefer to communicate with my customers _(通过写电子邮件 而不是打电话). 5. _ (直到截止日他才寄出) his application form. 【解析】 1.本句翻译主要考查虚拟语气的用法 如果听从了我的劝告, 但因为句首有 had
2、这个词, 我们可以得知句中的“你”并没有听从,所以这是对过去事情的假设,if had done +would / should / could / might have done sth 忠告可直接翻译为 advice,“陷入麻烦”则是 get into trouble。所以答案为 followed my advice, you would not get into trouble 2.看着 考查的是感官词 watch/hear/see/feel 后面接动词的使用方法。这里看着被 送入只一个正在进行的动作,同时还包含一个被动语态。“受伤的儿子”即 injured son, “手术 室”则是 o
3、peration room。 所以翻译答案为 watched her injured son being sent to the hospital 3.劝告某人不要做某事 advise/suggest sb. not to do sth. 句子中是“被劝告”,所以要 用被动语态。在这个句子中“暂时”其实就是此时,所以翻译为 at the moment 比较合适。 所以翻译答案为 are suggested not to travel to this country at the moment 4.这个句子中“写”“打”这两个词不用翻出来,关键是“电子邮件”和“电话”这两种沟通方 式,通过方式用
4、介词 through,“而不是”用短语 instead of 即可。 所以后半句可翻译为 through E-mail instead of telephone 5.直到才 这个句型可以通过强调句型来表达 Not untildid/ do/does sb. did/do/does sth 截止日 直接译为 deadline 即可,寄出就是 send out 所以这句话连起来就是 It wasnt until the deadline did he sent out his application form. 87. Charity groups organized various activi
5、ties to _(为地震幸存者筹款). 88. Linda_(不可能收到我的电子邮件) ;otherwise, she would have replied. 89. Its my mother_(一直在鼓励我不要灰心)when I have difficulties in my studies. 90. The publishing house has to _(考虑这部小说的受欢迎程度). 2 91. It is absolutely wrong to _(仅仅以金钱来定义幸福). 答案及解析: 87. Charity groups organized various activitie
6、s to raise money for the survivors of the earthquake. (为地震幸存者筹款) 【解析】 本题考察动词 raise 的用法。 raise money 表示“筹款”。 同时考生要注意 survivor (幸 存者)的拼写。 88. Linda couldnt have received my e-mail (不可能收到我的电子邮件), otherwise, she could have replied. 【解析】本题考察混合型虚拟语气。otherwise 提示我们句子后半句是与过去事实相反(事 实是 Linda 没有回复) ,因此用 could+
7、have+过去分词。句子前半句是在陈述一种事实,从 句子后半句 could have +过去分词我们可以推断前面“没有收到我的电子邮件”也是在发生 在过去,且对现在产生了影响(还没有收到回信) ,因此这里用现在完成时,could have + 过去分词。 89. Its my mother who/that keeps encouraging me not to lose heart (一直鼓励我不要灰心) when I have difficulties in my study. 【解析】本题考察了强调句型和动词 encourage 的搭配。强调句型 its that/who encoura
8、ge sb. (not) to do sth. 鼓励某人(不)做某事。 90. The publishing house has to consider the popularity of this novel. (考虑这本小说的受 欢迎程度)。 【解析】本题考察了“考虑”的表达,可以用动词 consider,也可以用词组 take into consideration。同时考生要注意名词 popularity (受欢迎程度) 的拼写。 91. Its wrong to define happiness only by money.(仅仅以金钱来定义幸福) 1. The auto manufa
9、cturer found themselves _ (正在同外国公司竞争市场 的份额)。 2. Only in the small town _(他才感到安全和放松)。 3. It is absolutely unfair that these children _ (被剥夺了受教育的权利)。 4. Our years of hard work are still in vain, _ (更别提我们花费的大量 金钱了)。 5. The problems of blacks and women _ (最近几十年受到公众相当大 的关注)。 3 【解析】 peting with foreign co
10、mpanies for the market share. 该句子主要考查以下几个知识点, 发现某人正在做某事 find sb./oneself doing sth. 与某人为某事竞争 compete with/against sb. for sth 市场份额 market share 2.did he feel safe and relaxed. “直到”“只有才”这种句型多半考查倒装句的用法, 在英语中,only、 not only、 seldom、never 等表示绝对或否定意义的副词出现在句首,句子部分倒装,系动词或助词提 前。这个句子“他”是第三人称单数形式,所以助词应该是 does
11、,或者过去式 did。 3.are deprived of the right to receive education. 这个句子考查的语法点主要有三个,一个是剥夺某人做某事 deprive sb. of sth 一个是 做某事的权利 the right to do sth. 另外一个是“被剥夺”这个被动语态 4.not to mention the large amounts of money that we have spent “更别提”英语中有两个短语可以表达,一个是 not to mention,另外一个是 let alone。 后半句的宾语中心语是金钱,花费的大量的都是定语修饰语
12、,可以用后置定语从句表达。 5.have attached considerable attention of the public in recent decades. “最近几十年”表达的是一段时间一直,所以要用现在完成时,公众可翻译为 the public。 1. The university authorities did not approve the regulation, _ (也没有 解释为什么). 2.Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she _(能被分配做另一项工作) 3.Jo
13、hn rescued the drowning child_ (冒着自己生命危险). 4.George called his boss from the airport but it _ (接电话的却是 他的助手) 5.Although he was interested in philosophy, _(他的父亲说服他) majoring in law. 答案详解: 1.nor did they make any explanation / nor did they give the reason for doing so 本题考察了两个知识点。 nor 的倒装句用法,后半句表示“也不”的否
14、定意义,注意助 动词的时态与上半句保持一致; 对某事做出解释的表达,考察了汉译英中动词转名词的 4 技巧,explain explanation,或者 nor did they give the reason for doing so 同样可以。 2.could be assigned (to) another job 本题考察了 wish 从句的虚拟语气用法(cancould)和“分配某人做某事”的词组搭配, assign sb. to sth. 或者 assign sb. sth. 3.at the risk of his own life 本题考察了“冒着的危险/风险做某事”的词组搭配,
15、可以用 at the risk / expense of ones own life(冒着某人的生命危险做某事) 4.was his assistant who answered / picked up the phone;turned out that his assistant answered / picked up the phone 该句比较灵活,在句法上,既可以使用强调句结构,也可以采用 turn out 的惯用搭配; 在“接电话”的表达上,可以用 pick up / answer the phone。强调句结构为 it be sb. who do sth. ,而 turn out
16、 变化则较多,可以用 turn out to be sb. who do sth.或者 turn out + that + 从句。 5. his father persuaded him into / talked him into 本题考察“说服某人做某事”的表达,persuade / talk sb. into doing sth. Directions : Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. 1. I have had great deal of trouble
17、_.(跟得上班上的其他同学) 2. I dont mind your_(你延期做出决定) the decision as long as it is not too late. 3. In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives_(起着不可缺 少的作用) in raising hildren. 4. Mark often_(试图逃脱罚款) whenever he breaks traffic regulations. 5. When I _(发现他骗我) I stopped buying thins there and s
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