初中英语语法专项训练6--介词讲解(9页).doc

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1、-初中英语语法专项训练6-介词讲解-第 9 页中学英语语法专项训练6介词中学英语介词讲解1介词的含义，介词（虚词），不能在句子中独立充当成分。它总是用于名词、代词、或相当于名词的其它词类或短语活从句前。中考需要掌握的11个介词：in、on、at、to、from、by、with、for、about、after、before表示时间的介词A典型例题：1. in 1996 / in 2002 / in 1847（年份）2. in October / in February / in March （月份）3. in spring / in summer / in autumn / in winter

2、（季节）4. in a week / in a year 在1周 / 年中5. in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening 在上午 / 下午 / 晚上in those days 在当时 / in no time 立刻 / in the daytime 在白天 / in the future 在将来 / in one minute 在1分钟内 / 最后 in the end表示较长时间（长于一天或短于一天）如：年、年份、月份、季节、周、上午、下午、晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词“in”。 B典型例题：1. at ten oclock /

3、at seven thirty. （表示某一钟点）2. at noon / at night / at midnight （在中午、晚上、半夜一天中相对短暂的时间）3. at the age of twenty / at the age of thirty-five （表示某一年龄）4. at that time 在那时 / at the moment 这时、那时、此刻 / at first 首先 / at last 最后in the end / at once 立刻、马上 / at / on (the) weekends 在周末 / 在一年中的这个时候at this time of year

4、 / 在 开始/结束时 at the beginning /end of表示时间的某一点（或表示某时刻）如：钟点、年龄或其它的习惯用法中要用“at”。 C典型例题：1. on Monday / on Tuesday / on Wednesday / on Friday 2. on January 1 / on April 18 / on May 313. on January 1, 1988 / on April 18, 2002 / on May 31,19774. on Monday morning / on Tuesday afternoon / on Wednesday evening

5、5. on a winter morning / on a summer evening / on a autumn afternoon6. on the morning of May fifth7. on my birthday / on that day / on New Years Day / on the first two days / on Christmas Day8. 值日 on duty / 准时 on time /表示某一天或者特定（某一天上下午）的时间用介词“on”。 D典型例题： 1. for two hours / for three days 2. for hund

6、reds of years3. for the last three years / for the past three years 4. for a while表示持续一段时间用介词“for”。“for”“段时间” E典型例题： 1. from 9 oclock to 11 oclock 2. from February to April 3. from 1980 to 1990 4. from then on 从那时候起（用于一般过去时），from now on 从现在起（用于一般将来时），from time to time 时不时地表示从一点时间到另一点时间的一个阶段用介词“from

7、to ” F典型例题： 1. during the week 2. during those three months 3. during my visit 4. during the holidays / meeting 5. during the spring表示“在 的期间”要用介词“during”，during表示在特定的时间里，其后的名词前要用定冠词或者表示特定意义的代词。G典型例题：1. since 1986 / since 1977 2. since last summer / since last week / since last month3. since then 从那时

8、以后 4. since he came here 自从他来了以后表示“自 以来”，表示从过去某一时刻到现在，用介词“since”。“since”“点时间”，主句常用现在完成时。 巩固练习：1. since 7 oclock 2.since last Monday H典型例题：1. The park is open till 5 p.m. 2. He didnt leave the park until 4 p.m.表示某动作或者状态延续到某一时间终止，用介词“till / until” I表示时间介词的比较 1典型例题：1. The train leaves at 8 oclock, so y

9、oud better be there by 7:50. 火车八点钟开，所以你最好八点五十以前赶到那儿。2. He left Shanghai at the end of last year. 去年年底他离开了上海。（过去式）3. By the end of last year he had finished the work. 到去年年底，他已经完成了工作。at表示事件发生在某一时间点上；by表示事件发生在某一时间点前。at the end of + 时间 / 地点，表示时间时，一般用于一般过去式。by the end of + 时间，表示时间时，一般用于过去完成时。in the end =

10、at last最后 2典型例题：1.He finished the work three days ago. 2. He said he had finished the work three days before.3.He will finish the work in three days. 4. Three days later he finished the work.three days ago表示从今天算起三天前；three days before表示从过去某个时间开始算起的三天前；in three days表示从今天算起的三天以后Three days later表示从过去某个时

11、间开始的三天后；。ago，用于一般过去式；before，用于过去完成时；in用于将来时。巩固练习1. Four days later he came back from Beijing. 3典型例题： 1. before 2 oclock the meeting lunch 1990 before后通常跟表示一点的时间（或特定的时间），表示在某个时间之前 National Day 2. after 2 oclock the meeting lunch 1990 after后通常跟表示一点的时间（或特定的时间），表示在某个时间之后 National Day 由before和after构成的时间介

12、词短语都不能用于现在完成时。after的习惯用法：after work / after school / after class 巩固练习1. after 8 oclock2. after breakfast3. after a while过了一会儿4. the day after tomorrow5. before supper6. before class7. the day before yesterday8. before long不久前-4. 典型例题：one night / this month / that summer / last year / next week / the

13、 day before yesterday / the week after next 再下一周由one / this / that / last / next等修饰的表示时间的词组前不需要用介词。 表示方位的介词 A典型例题： 1. 在树上 in the tree / 在同一个班 in the same class / 在北京 in Beijing 2. 在世界上 in the world / 在河里 in the river / 在城市 in a city3. 在阳光下 in the sun / 在北方 in the north / in China 在中国4. 在第五中学 in No.

14、5 Middle School5. 在的前部 in the front of 在前面 in front of 6. 在中间/（内部）角落 in the middle /corner of7. 固定用法：住院 in hospital / 在露天 in the open air / 躺着看书read in bed8. 站成行 stand in line / 处于危险中 in danger / 处于麻烦中 in trouble / 惊奇地 in surprise9. 用英语 in English / 穿红色的 in red / 以方式 in way of表示大地方，表示空间、地域或者物体内部应用in

15、，或表示在范围之内。 B典型例题： 1. 在的尽头 at the end of / 在大门口 at the gate / 在第二个十字路口 at the second crossing2. 在公共汽车站 at the bus stop / 在校读书 at school / 在家 at home3. 在医院诊所 at the doctors / 在头部/脚下 at the head/ foot of4. at the station / airport / zoo / post office5. at the front door / at the cinema / supermarket /

16、meeting / party / the crossroad6. 固定用法：stay at home / at work / at table 在吃饭表示较小的地方，表示空间的某一点，出入口等，选at C典型例题： 1. 在墙上 on the wall / 在的另一边 on the other side of / 在左边/右边 on the left/right2. 在左/有手边on the left/right hand side / 在火车上 on the train3. 在电视/收音机/电话/网上 on TV/the radio/ the telephone/ the Internet

17、4. 固定用法：访问 on a visit to / 展览 on show5. 在去的路上 on the way to 6. on my head / nose 表示附着在表面上，覆盖等，表示接触的面上、边上、线上，用on。 比较：a hole in the floor / wall There are many apples on the tree. There are many birds in the tree. 几组表示位置关系的介词比较 D典型例题：north 1. Japan is in the east of Asia. 2. Japan is to the east of Ch

18、ina. 3. Korea is on the northeast of China.westeastDCBAsouth 巩固练习： 1. B is in the east of A. 2. D is to the east of A. 3. C is on the east of A. 中学英语语法专项习题6-介词1 ( ) 1 Children get gifts _ Christmas and _ their birthdays. A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on( ) 2 -There is nothing _tomorrow aftern

19、oon, is there? -No. We can have a game of table tennis.A. on B. in C. out D. up( ) 3 A lot of students in our school were born_March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since( ) 4 tie suddenly returned_ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during( ) 5 My grandfather was born_Oct. 10, 1935. A. on B. in C. at

20、D. of( ) 6 The train is starting_five minutes. A. in B. at C. for D.still( ) 7 Mike does his exercises _ seven _ the evening. A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on2( ) 1 The population of the world has grown very fast _ four hundred years.A. for past the B. in the pass C. in the past D. for past(

21、) 2 We returned to our hometown_. A. next week B. in the last week C. last week D. for a week( ) 3 Great changes have taken place_.A. in the last few year B. in the last few years C. last year D. on the last year3( ) 1 Children wake up very early_the morning of Christmas Day. A. in B. on C. for D. a

22、t( ) 2 _ a cold winter morning, I met her in the stfeet. A. In B. On C. At D. For( ) 3 It happened to be very cold_ the morning of our sports meet. A. at B. on C. with D. of( ) 4 Why did you get up so early _ this morning. A. on B. / C. at D. in4( ) 1 He went to Shanghai_ September 3, 1991 and came

23、back_ a cold morning last year. A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; ia( ) 2 Lucy was born_ the night of May 12, 1984. . . A. on B. in C. at D. to( ) 3 Mrs Brown came to China _ 1996. A.on B. of C. to, D. in( ) 4 _ the morning of November 20, 1915, the workers came to Chicago to show their mourning_

24、Joe Hill. A. On; to B. In; of . C. On; for , D. At; for( ) 5 Ann moved_Hangzhou_September, 1992. A. /; in B. to; in C. to; on D, in; in( ) 6 They started off_an autumn afternoon. A. during B. at C. in D. on5( ) 1 He often goes _ school _ six thirty _ the morning. A. for; to; in B. to; at in C. to; f

25、or; at D, for; at; to( ) 2 He arrived _ Shanghai _ 9: 30 _ March 5. A. at; in; at B. to; on; at C. in; on; at D. in; at; on( ) 3 The English teacher told me to get there_ half past ten. A: in B. at C. on D. of( ) 4 The children get up _ 6 oclock. A. at B. on C. during D. in6( ) 1 The doctor worked_

26、five hours_ a rest.A. for; with B. on; without C. about; having D. for; without( ) 2 I worked on the problem _ a long time and I worked it out_myself_ last. A. for; by; at B. in; with; on C. on; by; in D. for; for; at the( ) 3 A new factory will be set up:_ a year. lotae A. for B. in C. after D. on(

27、 ) 4 Two years_ he began to write another story-book. A. after B. later ; C. in D. late( ) 5 We will finish the picture a day. A. in B. on C. after D. on( ) 6 The workers had been_ strike_almost a month. A. on; in B. at; in C. on; for D. on; during( ) 7 Mr Brown had lain _ the ground _ four hours be

28、fore they finally found him. A. on; for B. at; in C. on; after D. in; during7( ) 1 The teacher is coming back_ an hour. A. after B. for C. in D. before( ) 2 She lived in the mountain village_ the years 1940-1950. A. between B. during C. in D. since( ) 3 Miss Wang will come to Beijing_ two days. A. a

29、fter B. in C. on D. before( ) 4 The American Civil War lasted four years before the North won _ the end. A. by B. at C. in D. on8( ) 7 Mary had finished her homework_ the time I got home. A. until B. by C. at D. when( ) 2 We stayed at the lab_ our teacher returned. A. till B. by C. during D. while(

30、)3 They didnt leave the station_ they get on the train. A. until B. by C. after y D. at9 （ ） 1 Dont worry. He will return_. A. before long B. long before C. long long ago D. long ago（ ）2 There lived an old man, fishing at sea_. A. long before B. before long C. long time ago D. soon（ ）3 It was not _

31、they came back. A. long before B. before long C. long time before D. long after（ ）4 I was told that his uncle had gone to France .A. long before B. shortly after C. before long D. long ago10( ) 1 _ Tom gets up at five in the morning. A. Sometime B. Sometimes C. Some time D. Some times( ) 2 I remembe

32、r we met each other_ last year. A. Sometime B. some times C. some time D. sometimes( ) 3 Mary and I have been to the Great Wall,_. A. sometime B. some time C. sometimes D. some times( ) 4 He studied English for _ in London, and then he went to America. A. sometimes B. sometime new B. some time B. so

33、me times11( ) 1 I dont like to sit _ Toms right. I would like to sit _ the back row.A. on; in B. in; on C. on; at D. at; on( ) 2 There is a brook_ red flowers and green grass_ both sides. A. of with B. with; on C. of; at D. with; in( ) 3 There are many trees _ of the road! And _ of the trees is grow

34、ing larger and larger. .A. on both side; a number B. on each sides; a number C. on both sides; the number D. on every side; the number12( ) 1 The plane is flying _. A. in the sky B. in. the air C. in space D. in sky( ) 2 There is a sweet smell_. A. in the air B. in the open air C. in the sky D. in t

35、he space( ) 3 We held an interesting party_. A. in the air B. in the sky C. in the open air D. in space( ) 4 Seen from_, the earth appears to be a big blue ball. A. the space B. space C. a space D. this space13( ) 1 Tom sits_the classroom while John sits_the room.A. in front of; at back of B. in the

36、 front of; at the back of C. in front of; at the back of D. in the front of; at back of( ) 2 Lucy sits_ the third row, _Jims left. A. on; on B. in; at C. at; in D. in; on( ) 3 Jiangsu is_ the east of China, but Japan is _ the east of China. A. to; in B. in; to . C. on; to D. to; on14( ) 1. -Can I lo

37、ok up a word_ your dictionary? -I havent got_me. A. into; about B. in; with C. at; in D. on; on( ) 2 1 like mooncakes _ meat _ them. A. in; on B. with; on C. in; the D. with; in( ) 3 When you are _ trouble please ask help _ us. A. in; from B. in; for C. on; from D. on; of( ) 4 The shopkeeper said th

38、ey had sold out the shoes_ your size. A. about B. in C. to D. of( ) 5 I saw him_hurry at the moment. A. in a B. in C. on D. on a15( ) 1 He put up a map _ the back wall because there was a hole _ it.A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in D. on; at( ) 2 There is a door_ the wall. A. on B. to C. of D.in( ) 3 Th

39、is kind of VCD is made_ China. . A. in B. from C. at D. on( ) 4 Any man _ eyes_ his head can see that hes exactly like a rope. A. with; on B. with; in C. on; with D. in; with16( ) 1 There are some birds singing_ the trees. A. in B. on C. at D. from( ) 2 Dont read _ the sun. Its bad _ your eyes. A. i

40、n; to B. under; for C. with; to D. in; on( ) 3 The woman_ a blue dress is my teacher. A. in B. on C. of D. at( ) 4 There are so many apples_ that tree. A. in B, on C. at , D. from17( ) 1 The boat is passing_ the bridge. A. through B. below C. under D. across( ) 2 Two planes are flying_ the city. A.

41、through B. over , C. on , D, below( ) 3 We can see a river running to the east_ the hill. A. under B. below C. over D. on( ) 4 Do you see the kite _ the building. A. over B. cross C. on D. above18( ) 1 The United States is _ the south of Canada and _ the east of Japan. A. to; in B. on; to C. in; bes

42、ide D. at; on( ) 2 My hometown lies_ the city. _ I often go to the city by bike. A. 50 miles in the east; However B. to the east 40 miles of; But C. in the east 45 miles from; But D. 35 miles east of; However( ) 3 The man stood_the window, watching the boys playing outside. A. in B. by C. with D. to( ) 4 Japan lies_ the east of China. A. on B/ to C. in D. with19( ) 1 Is the street too narrow for the bus to go _? A. through B. across C. on D. in( ) 2 A mother camel was wa