机械加工英语词汇(整理转载)(10页).doc

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1、-机械加工英语词汇(整理转载)-第 10 页第1章 切削加工基础知识1.1切削加工概述切削cutting; 加工 machining; 金属切削 metal cutting (metal removal);金属切削工艺 metal-removalprocess; 金属工艺学 technology of metals;机器制造machine-building;机械加工 machining; 冷加工 cold machining；热加工 hot working;工件 work piece;切屑chip;常见的加工方法 universal machining method;钻削drilling; 镗

2、削 boring; 车削 turning；磨削 grinding; 铣削 milling; 刨削 planning;插削slotting ;锉filing ; 划线lineation; 錾切carving; 锯sawing; 刮削facing;钻孔boring; 攻丝 tap;1.2零件表面构成及成形方法变形力 deforming force; 变形 deformation;几何形状 geometrical;尺寸dimension ; 精度 precision;表面光洁度 surface finish;共轭曲线 conjugate curve; 范成法 generation method; 轴

3、 shaft;1.3机床的切削运动及切削要素主运动 main movement; 主运动方向 direction of main movement; 进给方向 direction of feed; 进给运动 feed movement;合成进给运动 resultant movement of feed; 合成切削运动 resultant movement of cutting;合成切削运动方向 direction of resultant movement of cutting ;传动 drive/transmission;切削用量 cutting parameters;切削速度 cuttin

4、g speed;切削深度 depth of cut;进给速度 feed force;切削功率 cutting power;1.4金属切削刀具合金工具钢alloy tool steel; 高速钢 high-speed steel;硬质合金 hard alloy; 易加工 ease of manufacturing ;切削刀具 cutting tool;刀具 cutter; 车刀 lathe tool;主切削刃 main cutting edge;副切削刃assistant cutting edge; 刀体 tool body ;刀柄tool shank;前刀面 rake face;主后刀面 ma

5、jor flank;刀尖 nose of tool;主剖面系tool orthogonal plane system;切削平面 tool cutting edge plane;主剖面 tool orthogonal plane;切削宽度 width of the uncut chip;进给平面系 assumed working plane system;加工表面 transient surface;前角 rake angle;后角 clearance angle;主偏角 tool cutting edge angle;刀尖角nose angle;1.5刀具切削过程及磨削机理塑性变形 plast

6、ic distortion; 微观组织，显微结构microstructure ;切削力cutting force; 切削温度 cutting temperature;积屑瘤，刀瘤（粘附车刀的切削物）built-up edge; 刀尖磨损nose wear; 月牙洼crater;残留应力 residual stress;应力 stress; 硬度 rigidity; 磨削grinding;砂轮 grinding wheel;磨粒grain; 剪切 shear;摩擦 friction;内力 internal force ;1.61.8 切削加工质量、材料的切削加工性、切削液的选择加工精度 mach

7、ining accuracy;表面质量 surface finish;工艺性能technological performance; 材料切削加工性指标 machinability index of material; 切削液 cutting fluid ; 切削油 cutting oil;1.9 工件的装夹及夹具定位梢 dowel;定位 allocation;机床夹具 jig;组装线Assembly line;机械零件 mechanical parts; 钳工 locksmith； 精加工 finish machining; 粗加工 rough machining; 气动夹紧 pneuma-l

8、ock;同心，同心度concentricity ;垂直度perpendicular; 基准 benchmark;基准线 reference line;夹具 fixture; 通用夹具 universal fixture;专用夹具 Fixture for special purpose;可调夹具adjustable fixture;组合夹具 modular fixture; 工序 process;设计基准designing datum;工艺基准 datum features in process;1.10 金属切削机床机床 machine tool;机床运动 motion of machine;

9、机床型号 machine tool model;机床加工精度 machining accuracy of machine tool;车床 lathe; 普通车床engine lathe; 卧式车床horizontal lathe; 立式车床 vertical lathe;钻床drill press;镗床boring machine;铣床 milling machine;磨床 grinder（grinding machine）;牛头刨床shaper; 龙门刨床planer;插床 slotting machine（slotter）;第2章 常用加工方法综述及加工方案选择一、车削车削 turning

10、;车刀 lathe tool ; 车床 lathe ;普通车床engine lathe; 卧式车床horizontal lathe; 立式车床 vertical lathe; 仿形车床 duplicating lathe (copy lathe); 转塔车床turret lathe;细长轴 long slender shaft纵向车削 straight turning;锥体车削 taper turning;仿形车削 contour turning; 端面车削 facing;回转表面 surface of revolution; 平面 flat surface;圆面round surface ;

11、仿形表面contoured surface ; 退刀槽recess ;卡盘 chuck; 尾架tailstock;床头箱，主轴箱headstock; 销 pin;卡箍 bar clasp;花盘faceplate;主轴 spindle;二、钻削钻削drilling;钻床drill press; 钻头 drill; 锪孔counter boring; 内表面internal surface ; 铰孔、扩孔reaming; 攻丝 tapping; 孔加工 spot facing machining; 铰 ream; 铰刀 reamer;盲孔blind hole;麻花钻 twist drill;埋头孔

12、countersink; 锥柄taper shank;三、镗削镗削 bore;镗床boring machine;镗杆boring bar ;纵向镗削straight boring;表面光洁度surface finish; 卧式镗孔机horizontal boring machine; 四 、 铣削 铣削mill;铣床 milling machine ;铣刀 milling cutter;缝Slot ;槽groove;平面 flat surface; 圆面round surface ;仿形表面contoured surface;周铣Peripheral milling ;端铣face milli

13、ng; multi model miller; 靠模铣床; copy milling machine; 仿形铣床 ; contouring machine; 五、磨削磨削grinding; 磨床 grinder（grinding machine）;外圆磨削 external grinding; 内圆磨削 internal grinding(cylindrical grinding); 平面磨削 plane grinding abrasive;外圆磨床cylindrical grinding machine; 平面磨床surface grinder;外圆磨床cylindrical grindin

14、g machine ;内圆磨床internal cylindrical machine; 成形磨床form grinding machine;仿形磨床copy grinding machine ; 万能工具磨床universal tool grinding machine; 六、拉削 拉削broaching; 拉床 broaching machine; 拉刀 broaching tool; 外表面拉削 external surface broaching;内表面拉削internal surface broaching;多功能机床 multifunction machine;多齿刀具 multi

15、tooth tool;切屑槽 chip gullet; 七、刨削刨削planning; 牛头刨床shaper; 龙门刨床planer; 龙门刨削 planning;旋臂刨床 radial drilling machine ;仿形刨床copy shaping machine; 八、 齿轮加工齿轮加工gear machining; 齿轮 gear; 滚齿 gear hobbing;滚齿刀 hobbing cutter;直齿圆柱齿轮 straight toothed spur gear; 斜齿圆柱齿轮 helical-spur gear;直齿锥齿轮 straight bevel gear ; 齿轮齿

16、条 pinion and rack; 蜗杆蜗轮 worm and worm gear;九、螺纹加工螺纹加工thread machining;螺纹切削thread cutting; 攻丝 tapping; 丝锥tap; 板牙die; 螺钉 screw; 标准件 standard component; 位移 displacement ; 截面 section; 十、光整加工 光整加工 micro finishing;研磨mull (lapping);研磨剂lapping compound;研磨膏paste; 研磨机床lapping machine抛光polishing ;抛光膏buffing cr

17、eam;抛光轮polishing wheel;抛光机polisher ;珩磨honing ;珩磨轮honing wheel;珩磨机床honing machine;超精加工机床 super finishing machine;超精加工super finish;第3章 机械加工工艺过程机械加工工艺过程 machining process;工步 step of an operation;工位 work station;工序 process;工艺文件 manufacturing process document;工艺卡片 technological card;工艺规程 process plan; 机械

18、加工工艺卡machining process sheet; 工艺设计 technological design;设计基准 designing datum;工艺基准 datum features in process;基准重合 consistency of datum feature;基面统一原则 unified datum principle;机械加工工序卡machining operation sheet;工艺过程设计process planning;工艺路线process route; 工艺过程卡process sheet; 产品规格product specification; 产品用途p

19、roduct use; 产品责任product liability; 生产线production line; 生产进度计划production schedule; 生产率productivity;批量生产batch production;第4章 切削加工零件结构工艺性切削cutting; 加工 machining; 工件 workpiece; 零件part; 毛坯 rough;工艺性能 processing property;装配结构的合理性 rationality of assembly structure;零件结构合理性 rationality of detail structure;标准

20、化 standardization;第5章 先进制造技术先进制造技术Advanced Manufacturing Technology;信息技术information Technology;产品 product;设计 design；加工machining; 检测check;管理manage; 销售sell; 使用use; 服务serve;回收 reclaim;计算机集成制造系统Computer Integrated Manufacturing System（CIMS）;智能制造系统Intelligent Manufacturing System (IMS);精密工程 precise engin

21、eering;成组技术group technology; 方式（法）methodology;柔性制造系统Flexible Manufacturing System（FMS）;数控机床numerically controlled machine tool;加工中心Machining Center（MC）;计算机数字控制computerized numerical control (CNC);自动换刀装置automatic tool changer（ATC）;直接数字控制Direct numerical control（DNC）;分布式数字控制Distributed numerical contr

22、ol（DNC）;群控DNC;单机自动化stand-alone automatization ;自动机床Automatic machine;组合机床 combination machine;专用机床special machine;NC钻床NC drilling machine ;NC磨床NC grinding machine ;NC车床NC lathe ;卧式加工制造中心horizontal machine center;立式加工制造中心 vertical machine center; 车间shop floor;库存inventory;工艺process;分类classification;编码

23、系统coding system;零件外型part configuration;工艺规划process planning;单元式制造cellular manufacturing; 小车维修站Cart maintenance station; 零件清洗站Parts wash station;装卸站Unload station; 回收系统Recovery system;小车转弯站 Cart turnaround station；集成化integration ;协调tradeoff;成族零件family-of-part;换刀装置Tool changer;机床控制装置machine control un

24、it; 组装线 Assembly line;第6章 先进制造运行模式先进制造运行模式Advanced Manufacturing Operation Model; 计算机集成制造系统Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems（CIMS）;精益生产(LP亦称精良生产)Lean Production;敏捷制造Agile Manufacturing（AM）;绿色制造Green Manufacturing;计算机辅助设计Computer Aided Design(CAD);计算机辅助制造Computer Aided Manufacturing(CAM);计算机辅

25、助工艺过程设计Computer Aided process planning(CAPP);物料需求计划Material Requirements Planning（MRP）;计算机辅助教育Computer Aided Education (CAE);虚拟制造Virtual Manufacturing(VM);并行工程Concurrent Engineering (CE);面向装配的设计 Design For Assembly(DFA);面向制造的设计 Design For Manufacturing(DFM);第7章 特种加工特种加工（NTM）Nontraditional Manufactur

26、ing; 一、电火花加工电火花加工spark-erosion machining;电火花线切割加工 electrical discharge wire cutting;电火花穿孔spark-erosion drilling; 电火花雕刻spark-erosion carving;二、电解加工电解加工Electrolytic machining;三、超声波加工超声波加工 Ultrasonic machining; 变幅杆Transducer nose ; 铜垫圈Copper washer; 放大刀具夹持器Amplifying tool holder ; 超声波振动Ultrasonic vibration; 银钎焊Sliver braze; 仿形刀具 Shaped tool; 蜡焊缝Wax weld ; 支持材料Backup material; 磨料悬浮液Abrasive slurry; 吸入管Suction line ;四、激光加工激光加工Laser processing;激光束加工Laser beam machining ;激光切割 laser cutting ;激光打孔 laser drilling;激光焊接 laser welding;