主谓一致就近原则.ppt

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1、关于主谓一致就近原则现在学习的是第1页，共24页分类1.语法一致语法一致：语法形式语法形式是单数的主语，谓语是单数的主语，谓语动词用单数形式，语法形式是复数的主语，动词用单数形式，语法形式是复数的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。谓语动词用复数形式。2.意义一致意义一致：主、谓语的一致不是根据其外主、谓语的一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表达的达的内在含义内在含义。3.就近原则就近原则：离谓语动词最近的名词决定现在学习的是第2页，共24页语法一致原则语法一致原则1.不可数名词，动名词，动词不定式，单个不可数名词，动名词，动词不定式，单个从句做主语，

2、谓语动词用单数。从句做主语，谓语动词用单数。This information is very important.Seeing is believing .To see is to believe .That he is important is true.现在学习的是第3页，共24页由and 链接两个主语. 由由and 链接两个主语链接两个主语表达表达两个不同两个不同概念时概念时, V复数复数表达表达一个一个概念时概念时，V单数单数现在学习的是第4页，共24页The worker and writer _ from Wuhan. 那个工人兼作家那个工人兼作家(be)The worker an

3、d the writer _ from Beijing. (be)那位工人和那位作家那位工人和那位作家 Bread and butter _ a kind of daily food in the West.(be)Early to bed, early to rise_ a man healthy, wealthy and wise. (make)现在学习的是第5页，共24页2) every and every each and each no and no, many a and many a连接两个单数名词作主语连接两个单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。谓语用单数。 Every desk an

4、d every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and many a girl has made the same mistake. 现在学习的是第6页，共24页and 链接两个完整的句子，谓语动词用复数；连接两个省略的句子谓语动词用单数。What he said and what he did have nothing to do with me.What I do and say is my own business.现在学习的是第7页，共24页3. N1+prep+N2 谓语动词由谓语动词由N1决定决定 with, along with , toget

5、her with, rather than,As well as , like /unlike（不像）（不像）, including, besides , except ,but(除了除了之外之外), in addition to(除了除了)1.The teacher with his students _ (be) playing basketball now.2.The teacher _(be) playing basketball with his students now.3.Tom rather than you _(be) hired as manager of the comp

6、any.4.A library including 5000books _offered to the nation.现在学习的是第8页，共24页4.不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数something, somebody, someone anything , anybody , anyoneeverything ,everybody ,everyone, thingsnothing , nobody, no one , neither ,either Attention:none 作主语时，谓语动词可单可复,有时需要参照表语None of them _workers. _a worker.现在

7、学习的是第9页，共24页(2) All作主语时，指人 V复 全体人员，所有的人 指物 V单 全部所有事物All of my brothers like playing basketball.All I want is a room of my own.This is all I want .Translation： All are silent. All is silent 现在学习的是第10页，共24页5.Many a , more than one+可数名词，可数名词，V单单e.g. More than one student was late for shool.Many a boy l

8、ikes playing basketball.现在学习的是第11页，共24页6. this/a kind of , a type of, a sort of , a pair of, a piece of + n. V单单 two kinds of , two types of V复数复数 即以这些即以这些名词本身名词本身的单复数而定。的单复数而定。 This kind of books sells well. This pair of trousers fits me well. Attention: Books (of this kind) sell well. 现在学习的是第12页，共

9、24页7. one of / the only one of 在定语从句中在定语从句中,需要先找出需要先找出先行词。先行词。He is one of the students who _late for school. (be)他是迟到的学生当中的一个。（迟到的学生不止一个）He is the only one （of the students) who _late for school. (be)他是学生当中唯一一个迟到的。（只有一个人迟到）现在学习的是第13页，共24页8. One or two +可数名词复数可数名词复数 V 复复 One +可数名词单数可数名词单数+or +two V单

10、单e.g. Only one or two students go to university in that village.Only one student or two goes to university in that village.现在学习的是第14页，共24页意义一致表示数量，金钱，距离, 时间等复数形式作主语时，看做一个整体，谓语动词用单数。Ten thousand years _ too long a time.现在学习的是第15页，共24页在四则运算当中，一般情况下：谓语动词都用单数Two and three are/is five.Two plus two is fou

11、r.Ten minus five is five.Two times two is four. 2x2=4Ten divided by five is two.现在学习的是第16页，共24页2.The +adj.属于一类人，属于一类人，V复复 The poor live a miserable life. The young are lively.3.有些学科名词虽然以有些学科名词虽然以 s结尾，但是单数名词，结尾，但是单数名词，V单单Maths , physics, politicsMaths is my favorite subject.现在学习的是第17页，共24页4.用作书名，报名，国

12、家名，地区名的复数名词看做一个整体，V单单The United States is a developed country.5. all , both , part , half , rest ， 百分数等+of +n. 谓语动词由n.的单复数决定Both of the books are bought for you.The rest of the money is coming next week.现在学习的是第18页，共24页6.集合名词做主语，谓语动词分两种情集合名词做主语，谓语动词分两种情况况若强调整体，若强调整体，V单；若强调个体成员，单；若强调个体成员， V复复注：注：famil

13、y，group， class, team, government, army , club , publicOur class _ very big. (be)Our class _listening to their teacher attentively. (be)现在学习的是第19页，共24页7. Police , people , cattle , trousers , clothes 做主语，做主语， V 复复The police are searching for the thief.8.A number of + n. V复复 大量的，大量的，很多很多The number of

14、+ n. V单单 的数目的数目现在学习的是第20页，共24页9. 对于单复数同形的名词，要先根据上下文来判断名词的单复数，然后确定谓语动词的单复数。Deer sheep means series fish works(工厂) crossroads(十字路口)等等Every means _ been tried.All means _ been tried.现在学习的是第21页，共24页plastics(塑料制品), manners, thanks（感谢）, goods（货物）, statistics（统计数字）, glasses（眼镜）, trousers（裤子）, shorts（短裤）, c

15、ompasses(圆规)等，只用复数形式。Plastics _like metal. （not rust）Manners _important to happy relationship. (be)现在学习的是第22页，共24页就近原则定义： 哪个名词离谓语动词最近，谓语动词就和谁保持一致Or , either or , neither nor , not only but also , not but (不是不是而而是是), Whether or(不论不论还是还是) _either you or I right?Not the teacher but the students are doing a survey in the school.现在学习的是第23页，共24页感谢大家观看感谢大家观看现在学习的是第24页，共24页