英语逻辑连接词(5页).doc

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1、-英语逻辑连接词-第 5 页1) 先后次序关系：at this time（这时候、此时）; first; second; at last; next; previously（以前）;simultaneouslysaimlteinisli（同时）;eventually（最后）;last but not least（最后但并不是最不重要的）;to begin with（首先、本来）; to start with =for a start（首先）; first of all（首先，第一） ;to end with（最后）; finally（最后）; since then(从那时以来); afterw

2、ards(然后、后来); following this：following This Trend顺应这种趋势；By Following This Strategy通过采用这种策略；只要遵循这项策略following This Pattern下面这个模式；Following This Opinion由此来看following This Way沿着这条思路；Following This Thought循此思路following This Commitment根据这一承诺；Following This Example下面这位比如;preceding this（在这之前）.2) 因果关系：becaus

3、e; because of this; being that(既然、因为、由于); another important factorreason of. ; since（既然、因为、由于、自以来）; as（因为、依照、当时、随着、虽然）; for; in that. (既然、因为、由于); owing to（由于，因为）; due to; for the reason that.; in view of（鉴于、考虑到）; the reason seems to be obvious; for this reason; as a result of this; therefore; .and s

4、o（因此、所以）.; consequently（所以、因此、结果）; as a result; thus; hence; so; so that.; in consequence（因此、结果）; as a consequence（因此、结果）; accordingly（因此、于是）; inevitably（不可避免地、必然地）; under these conditions(在这种情形下、在此情况时、在这些情况下); thereupon ,rpn 于是; seeing. （因为；鉴于；由于）;3) 转折关系：but; even so（虽然如此，即使如此）; however; though（可是

5、、虽然、然而、不过）; even though（虽然、即使）; independent of（不管）; despite that（尽管、不管）; in spite of that（尽管、不管）; regardless of（不管）; yet.（然而、但是）; and yet（可是、然而）; but unless（除非）.4) 并列关系： and; also; too; as well as（也；和一样；不但而且）; either.，or.（不是就是；或者或者）; both.and.5) (补充)递进关系：furthermore(此外、而且); moreover(此外、而且); further（

6、更远地；进一步地；而且）; In this way（这样）; still（但是；仍然；尽管如此）; not only.but also.; not thatbut that（不是(因为)而是(因为)）; in addition (to)（另外，此外（除之外）; additionally(此外), much more interesting, more specifically（更具体地说）, next（其次；然后）, besides（而且；此外；除之外）; as far as. （至于，就而言）；in other words(换句话说); on the one hand.，on the oth

7、er hand.(一方面，另一方面); even（甚至；即使）; as a popular saying goes.( 常言说); in order to do it.( 为了做这件事); meanwhile(同时); at the same time; accordingly(因此，于是); In the first place.(首先)，in the second place.(其次、第二); equally important(同样重要); of even greater appeal(更吸引).6) 比较关系：similarly（同样地）; in like manner（同样地）；in

8、 comparison with（与比较）; when compared with（当和.相比时）; compared with（与.相比较）; when in fact.（而实际上；但事实上）; like.（如同）; likewise(也；同样地); apart from (doing).( 除之外；且不说；); . rather than.( 而不是；宁可也不愿)；by doing so(通过这样来做); bothand.; in the same way(同样地；以同样的方式); not only.but (also)；7) 对照(不同点)：yet; still（但是；仍然；尽管如此）;

9、 notwithstanding(尽管，虽然); rather(宁可); neither . nor(既不是也不是); although; though; but; however; conversely(相反地); unlike(和不同，不像); opposed to(反对); as opposed to(与截然相反) ; in contrast (to)(与此相反); on the contrary（正相反）; different from this; nevertheless(然而，不过); contrary to(与相反); whereas hwz (反之；然而); while(而);

10、 but on the other hand(但另一方面).8) 举例关系：for example; for instance; in this case(假若这样); namely(也就是；换句话说); as you know(正如你知道的); as you may say(如你所说); like(像；如同); such as(比如；诸如); a case in point is.( 一个典型的例子);in particular(尤其，特别); put it simply(简单地说);for one thing.首先，for another.其次、第二; as an illustration

11、(作为一个例证), I will say.; a good example (of.)would be.; It is interesting to note that.; in this situation(在这种情况下); takeas example(以为例); as for(关于，至于); as regards(关于，至于); as to(关于，至于); according to(根据); on this occasion(场合).9) 强调关系：in fact; especially; particularly; moreover; naturally(自然地); what is m

12、ore important is that(更重要的是); in reality(实际上；事实上); certainly(当然); of course; indeed(的确); in particular(尤其，特别); not to mention.( 更不必说); believe it or not(信不信由你); undeniably(不可否认地); other thing being equal(另一件是同等的); it is certainsure that.; to be true(说实话); by definition(明显地); definitely(明确地，肯定地); und

13、oubtedly(无庸置疑地); without a doubt(无疑地); in truth(事实上);in any event(不论怎样); without reservation(毫无保留地); obviously(明显地), not only. but(also.), both. and.10) 条件关系：if; unless; lest(唯恐);provided that(倘若；假如); if it is the case(如果是这样的情况); in this sense(在这一点上，从这点来说); once.(一旦); if possible(如果可能的话); if necessa

14、ry(如果必要的话); if so(如果是这样的话); if anything(如果有什么区别的话).11) 归纳总结类： in other words(也就是说); on the whole(就全体而论); in sum(总而言之); therefore; hence; in short(总之；简言之); in brief(总之); to sum up(总之；概括地说); in conclusion(总之，综上所述); in summary(总之；概括起来); to conclude(最后);the conclusion can be drawn that. (可以得出的结论); for t

15、his reason(为此)12) 地点关系：beyond(在.较远的一边); opposite to(在对面); adjacent to(接近); at the same place; there; over(从头到尾、在之上); in the middle; around(在附近、在周围); in front of; in the distance(在远处); farther(此外；更远地；更进一步地); here and there(各处，到处); above(在之上；在上面); below(在下面；在下面);at the right side(在右边);between(在之间；在中间)

16、;on this side(在这边).13) 目的关系：for this purpose; in order that; in this way；since; so that; on that account（由于那个缘故）;in case万一、假使；with a view to（鉴于、由于 考虑到）； for the same reason。14) 重申关系：in other words（换句话说）; that is to say（就是、即、换言之）;as I have said（就像我说过的）；again；once again（再一次）.15) 结果关系：accordingly（因此、于是

17、、相应地）；thus； consequently（所以、因此、结果）； hence； therefore；thereupon（结果、因此）； inevitably（必然地、不可避免地）； under these conditions； as a result；as a consequence（结果、因此）；because; because of; so that; not only.but (also.);so as to（以便，为了）.16) 顺序关系：first; second; thirdly; next; then; at the outset(在开始时)，following this

18、; at this time; now; at this point; after; afterward（以后，后来）; after this; subsequently（随后、其后、后来）; lastly（最后，终于）; finally; consequently（所以、因此、结果）; before this; previously（以前）;preceding this（precede的ing形式：在.之前）;simultaneously（同时地）; concurrently(同时).17) 时间关系：at once（马上，立刻）; immediately; at length（最后，终于）

19、; in the mean time; meanwhile; at the same time; in the end; then; soon; not long after（不久）; later; at last; finally; some time ago（不久前）at present; all of a sudden（突然地，出乎意料地）; from this time on（从今以后）;from time to time（不时，有时）; since then; when; whenever; next point（下一点）; a few minutes later; formerly

20、（以前、原来）; as（当的时候）; once(一旦); since(自以来、自以后；); occasionally(偶而); in a moment(一会儿，不久)；shortly（不久，马上，立刻，简短地）; whereupon（于是、因此）; previously（以前、预先）.l 转折关系 but, however, yet(然而), on the contrary, contrary to, contrarily, by(in) contrast (to), whereas, rather than, instead of, unlike, in fact(effect), actu

21、ally弱转, converselyl 让步关系although, much as, though, even though(if), even, despite, in spite of, nevertheless, anyhow(anyway), as, while（虽然、尽管、即使）, still（尽管如此）l 总分关系（举例&总结）举例：for example、for instance、such as、including总结：in sum，in general, overall, to sum up，on the whole, generallyl 因果关系becausein that

22、 句子 表原因due tothanks to owing to名词 表原因since now that ever since 句子 表原因because ofon account ofin response to 名词 表原因lead tocontribute toresult in名词 （前因后果）so thatsuch thatin order that句子 (强调目的、结果的因果) in view ofin the light ofby virtue of 名词 鉴于、由于put down toascribe toattribute toowe to 名词 归因于sothushencet

23、hereforeconsequently (as a consequence/ as a result) 句子 （因此）for, as, as a result of, with（由于，由于某种条件或原因的存在出现了某种结果）l 递进关系递进词：still、also、indeed、furthermore（进一步）、moreover（而且、此外）、highlighting（突出、强调）、even（甚至、更）、besides(注意区分except), additionally, in addition, whats morel 条件关系连词：if, provided/providing that,

24、 suppose, supposing, in case (of), in the event of, assume, presumably, so long as, unless, only if, whenl 并列关系并列词：and（和）、as well as（也）、likewise（同样的）、while（与此同时）、similarly（类似地）、or（或者）、simultaneously（同时发生地）、meanwhile（同时 ）、in the meantime、neithernor, eitheror, not onlybut also、 morethan 常见的10大类逻辑关系及标志

25、词并列关系 & 部分常用标志词和短语and, and also, or, neithernor, eitheror, not onlybut also, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say, as well as, sameas; 递进关系 & 部分常用标志词和短语also, then, besides, additionally, in addition, furthermore, moreover, what is more; indeed;因果关系 & 部分常用标志词和短语because, for,

26、since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so.that, such.that, in order that, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, in response to, on account of, because of, considering that, seeing that, in that, now that, lest, as a result, for this reason;转折关系 & 部分常用标志词和短语but, however, yet, contrarily, on t

27、he contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately; 让步关系 & 部分常用标志词和短语although, though, even though, even if, even, nevertheless, despite, in spite of; regardless of;anyway, anyhow 列举（顺序）关系 & 部分常用标志词和短语firstsecondlast of all, in the first placein the second placefinally, to begin with to cont

28、inue, firstthen, on one handon the other hand, for one thingfor another, oneanother, someothersstill others; 对比关系 & 部分常用标志词和短语while, whereas, as, / rather than, instead of, not. but;时间关系 & 部分常用标志词和短语when, whenever, before, after, since, as, while, until, till, simultaneously, meanwhile, in the meant

29、ime, at the same time;条件关系 & 部分常用标志词和短语if, only if, if only, unless, otherwise, as soon as, as long as, in case, suppose that, supposing that, provided that, providing that, when, whenever, with;举例关系 & 部分常用标志词和短语such as, for example, for instance, of (these, those, them), among (these, those, them), to illustrate, as an illustration, to take an example, more specifically speaking, namely;