2022年初中时态复习讲义3.docx
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1、_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载中学英语动词时态复习I. 一般现在时1. 一般现在时的用法 1) 表示常常的或习惯性的动作,等)连用;常与表示频度的副词 (always, often, usually,every day例: He often goes swimming in summer. 他夏天常常游泳;2)表示现在的状态;例: My father is very busy. 我父亲很忙;3)表示主语具备的性格、特点和才能等;例: My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人;4表示客观真理
2、,客观存在,自然现象;例:Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部;5)在条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将要发生的动作; (主将从现)例: Ill tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时,我将告知他这个消息;2. 动词的第三人称词尾变化:当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词需加-s 或-es:规章 动词原形 第三人称单数一般在词尾加 -s play plays 以字母 s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾的词 pass passes 加 -es,读 iz,假如动词原形 fix fixes 词尾已有 e,
3、就只加 -s;teach teaches wish wishes do does 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词,先 study studies 变 y 为 i, 再加 -es,读 z;carry carries 留意:动词 have 的第三人称单数是 has. 写出以下动词的单数第三人称形式;1. cook _2.watch_3.build_4.have_5.wash_ 6. enjoy _7. go _8 receive _9 cry_10. close _ 11. drive _ 12. choose _13. play _14. reach _ 巩固练习:1、Lucy likes goin
4、g skating with her friends. (改写成否定句)_ 2、His watch costs 300 yuan. (变成一般疑问句并否定回答)_ II. 一般过去时1. 一般过去时的用法1)表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态;常和表示过去的时间状语 last week, an hour ago, just now, the other day, in 1982等连用;例: Where did you go just now. 刚才你上哪儿去了?yesterday, 2)表示在过去,常常或反复发生的动作;例: When I was a child, I often pla
5、yed football in the street. 巩固练习:1、 Yesterday I went swimming. 改写成否定句; _ _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 12 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载2、 He was born in Shanghai.对划线部分提问 _ 3 我昨天买了一辆新自行车;_ 2. 动词过去式的规章变化:构成规章动词原形动词过去式一般在动词原形末尾加-ed,look looked 结尾是 e 的动词在末尾加 -d play played work worked like liked l
6、ive lived 词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读plan planned 闭音节, 此辅音字母, 再加 -ed stop stopped 词尾是“ 辅音字母 y”的动词,study Studied 先变“y” 为“i”再加 -ed worry Worried 写出以下动词的过去式形式;1. put _2. drink _3. cry _4. pull _5. ride _ 6.begin _7. sit _8. run _9. take _ 10.sweep _ 11. stop _ 12.die_ 13.prefer _ III. 一般将来时1.一般将来时的构成:shall):表示将1 wil
7、l+ 动词原形( 在疑问句中,主语为第一人称时,常用助动词来某时要发生的动作或存在的状态;例: Shall we go to the zoo. 我们要去动物园吗?2 be going to +不定式,表示按方案,支配要发生的事;例: What are you going to do tomorrow. 明天准备作什么呢?表示确信如此或有迹象说明某事即将发生;例如: Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云,快要下雨了;come, go, arrive, 3 be + V-ing, 表示按方案或支配要发生的动作;留意:
8、常见的有 leave 等;例: Im leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了;巩固练习:1. Mrs. Brown is going to buy a digital camera. (对划线部分提问)_ 2. Sam will visit Brazil next week. (变成一般疑问句并否定回答)_ 4. 他们今晚要去看足球赛;_ IV. 现在进行时 1. 结构: am/is/are+动词的现在分词 2. 动词 V-ing 的构成形式_精品资料_ 规章-ing 原形-ing 形式第 2 页,共 12 页一般在动词原形末尾加listen listening spending s
9、pend - - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 以不发音字母e 结尾的动词,学习必备欢迎下载having have 先去掉 e,再加 -ing prepare preparing 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如sit sitting 果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应begin beginning run running 先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing lie lying 以 ie 为重读音节结尾的动词,先去掉 e,把 i 改为 y,再加 -ing die dying prefer preferring 以 er 结尾的动词, 如是重读音节结尾,先双写r,再加
10、-ing;water watering 反之,就直接加 -ing 写出以下动词的现在分词形式;1、win 2、relax 3、jump 4、make 5、have 6、talk 7、 tie 8、cheer 3. 现在进行时的用法:1 表示现在说话时正在发生或进行的动作;例: We are waiting for you now. 我们正在等你;巩固练习:1、Bruce often writes letters in English. (用 now 改写句子)_ 2、They are surfing. (对划线部分提问)_ 3、瞧,那些孩子们玩的真兴奋;_ 4、这些天工人们始终在尽力修补那些坏
11、了的帐篷;_ 用所给动词的正确形式填空;1. Uncle Wang usually _ go to work by bike. 2. Be quiet . The patient _ sleep. 3、Look, a number of Young Pioneers _plant trees over there. V. 过去进行时 1. 结构: was/were+动词的现在分词 -ing 2. 过去进行时的用法:1 表示在过去某时刻正在进行或发生的动作,通常与准确的过去时间状语连用;例: At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp. 巩固
12、练习:1、Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.D. makes A. madeB. is makingC. was makingVI. 现在完成时_精品资料_ 1. 结构:助动词have/has + 过去分词cut find 第 3 页,共 12 页2. 写出以下动词的过去分词形式:bring catch do eat get forget - - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - pay know 学习必备欢迎下载buy see come sleep spend tell 3. 现在完成时的用法1 表示过去发生的
13、事情或进行的动作,终止于过去,对现在造成的影响;句中动词通常是短暂性动词;例如: Have you ever cooked at home. 你吃晚饭了吗?You have already grown much taller.你已经长高了很多;2 表示从过去开头连续到现在,并可能连续; 往往和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,如: for一段时间; since+过去时间点或从句; (Since 用来说明动作起始时间,for 用来说明动作连续时间长度) ,提问用 How long.例如: It has been five years since he joined the army .他参军五年了;T
14、hey have learned English for eight years .他们已学了八年的英语了;3 留意的问题:1 短暂性的动词 appear, begin, borrow, lend, buy, close, come, die, fall, find, finish, join, kill, leave, sell, stop 不能与连续性时间(一段时间)连用;例如: He has joined the army for five years. (错误)He has been in the army for five years.正确 2 现在完成时不与详细的过去时间连用,如:
15、等;yesterday, last week, in 1998, two days ago3 have/has been to 和 have/has gone to 的区分:have/has been to have/has gone to 4 比较一般过去时与现在完成时一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,强调动作,不和现在发生联系,常与详细的过去时间状语连用, 如 yesterday, last week, ago, in1980, in October, just now 等,;现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情形,不能与表过去的时间壮语连用;I
16、saw this film yesterday. (强调看的动作发生过了)I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了)Why did you get up so early. (强调起床的动作已发生过了)He has been a League member for three years. (强调他是团员)巩固练习:1、-Do you know our town at all.-No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming 2、-Have
17、you _ been to our town before. -No, its the first time I _ here. A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come 3、Do you know _. A. how long has he lived here B. how long he has lived here C. he has lived here how long D. he has lived how long here VII. 过去完成时1. 结构:助动词 had过去分词2. 过去
18、完成时的用法:_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 12 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的行为或存在的状态;去;常与“by/before+过去时间” 构成的短语连用;即发生的时间是过去的过例如: The train had already left before we arrived. 在我到达之前,火车已经开走了;He said that he had learned some English before. 他说过他以前学过一些英语;巩固练习 :1. You dont need to descr
19、ibe her. I _ her several times.A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet 2. -Im sorry to keep you waiting. -Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes. A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be3、The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _ in the office.A. had written, left B,were wr
20、iting, has leftC. had written, had left D. were writing, had left 4、My dictionary _, I have looked for it everywhere but still_ it.A. has lost, dont find B. is missing, dont findC. has lost, havent found D. is missing, havent found.中考动词时态考点分析一、依据时间状语确定时态的原就1. Hurry up. The play for ten minutes. 2022
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