2022年外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳.docx

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1、精品_精品资料_外研版学校英语语法总复习学问点归纳一、时态1. 一般现在时(1) 表示常常发生的动作或事情,通常用“usually通常, often常常, every每, sometimes有时, always 总是, ”等词.(2) 基本结构 :主语 I / You / We / They /He / She / It确定句 ：主语 + 动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式否定句 ：主语 + don t +动词原形或者 doesn t +动原一般疑问句 Yes/No Do. Yes, I do. No,I dont.Does 动词原形 . Yes,he/she does. No,he/she do

2、esnt. 特别疑问句What do. How does she 动词原形 .(3) 动词第三人称单数形式 同名词单数变成复数方法相同1 一般情形 +s如:walk-walks2. 辅音字母 +y 结尾 去 y +ies fly-flies3. 结尾是 s, x, sh, ch +es watch-watches4. 结尾是 0 +es do-does, go-goes5. 特别 have-has 2现在进行时(1) 表示正在发生的动作,通常用“now现在, look看, linsen听” .(2) 基本形式 : be +动词-ing eg: I amnot doing my homework

3、.You/We/They arenot reading.He/She/It isnot eating.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_What are you doing.Is he reading.(3) 动词的现在分词形式 动词+ing一般情形 +ing walkwalking结尾是不发音的e -e + ing eing重读闭音节双写最终一个字母 +ing swim-swimmingrun-running3. 一般过去时(1) 表示过去已经发生的事情, 通常用 “last上一个, justnow刚才, many years ago很多年前, yesterday昨天”等词.(

4、2) be动词的过去式 : am/is wasare were(3) 过去式基本结构确定句 ：主语 + 动词过去式I went shopping last night.否定句 ：主语 + didnt +动词原形I didnt go shopping last night.一般疑问句 Yes/NoDid+ 动词原形.Did you go shopping last night.特别疑问句 wh- What did+ 动词原形. What did you do last night.(4) 动词过去式的变化 :规章动词的变化 :(1) 一般动词 +edplanted,watered,climbed

5、(2) 以不发音的 e 结尾 +dlikedtied(3) 辅音字母加 y 结尾 -y+ iedstudystudied, cry- cried可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_(4) 重读闭音节单词,末尾只有一个辅音字双写最终一个字母+ed plan plannedstopstopped不规章动词的变化 :原形过去式原形 过去式原形 过去式am /iswasareweregowent dodidfindfoundbuybought eatatefeelfeltdrink drankteachtaughttaketookreadread givegavehavehadputput

6、 singsangdrive drovemeetmet cutcutbegin beganmakemadelet letring rangwrite wrote see sawrun ranride rode e camedraw drewsit sattelltoldlearnlearntgetgot carrycarriedstudystudied4. 一般将来时一般将来时表示将来准备做的事或将要发生的事情.常常与tomorrow, nextSunday等时间状语连用.结构:be going to +动词原形或 will +动词原形例如:I m going to visit my gran

7、dpa next week.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_二、人称代词主格Iweyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouhimheritthem形容词性物主代词myouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyourshishersitstheris 注: 介词,动词后面跟宾格.后面没出名词时用名词性物主代词.三、可数名词的复数形式1. 一般名词 : + sbookbooks2. 辅音字母加 y 结尾: - y+ iesstorystories3. 以 s, x,sh, ch,结尾 : + esglassglasses; a watch-wa

8、tches以 o 结尾:1 有生命的 +espotato-potatoes2无生命的 +sphoto-photoes4. 以 f 或 fe 结尾: - f或 fe变为 ves knifeknives; shelf-shelves5. 特别的名词复数 :man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice, child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,四、不行数名词 没有复数形式 b

9、read, rice, water, juice,milk ,tea ,coffee五、缩略形式可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_I m = I amyou re = you areshes = she ishes = he is hasnt = he hasgotits = itiswhos =whoiscan t =can notisn t=is notdidnt=did notweren t=were notwasn t=wasnot lets=let us I ll=I will六、a. an .the的用法1. 单词的第一读音是辅音读音:a book, a peach,

10、 a“U” 单词的第一个读音是元音读音:an egg , an hour, an“ F”2. the要留意的 : 球类前面不加 the ,play football乐器前面要加 the , play the piano 序数词前面要加the, the second 七、介词1. 表示方位 :on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind. ,under2. 表示时间 :(1) at :几点前面用 at 如:at six o clock,没有 day 的节日前用 at 如 :atChristmas,固定词组 at t

11、he weekends,at night(2) on:用于星期,日期,某一天的上午、下午、晚上 指详细的某一天时 on Sunday 在星期天 on Sunday morning在星期天的上午on March 8在 3 月8 日;带有 Day的节日前用 on 如: on National Day(3) in: 早晨,中午,晚上前用 in:in the morning ,in the afternoon ,in the evening ,月份前用 in ,如 in December; 季节前用 in ,如 winter; 年份前用 in , 如 in 1999八、基数词变成序数词的方法可编辑资料

12、 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1.直接在基数词词尾加上th .如:seventh第七, tenth第十, thirteenth第十三, 2. 以 y 结尾的基数词,变y 为 i ,再加上 eth .如:twentieth其次十.3. 不规章的.如:first第一, second 其次, third第三,fifth第五, eighth第八, ninth第九, twelfth第十二.4. 有两个或以上单词组成的基数词只改最终一个单词如twenty-first其次十一. 九、some /any 的用法1. 确定句中用 some:I have some toys in my bedroom.2

13、. 问句和否定句中用any:Do you have any brothers or sisters. He hasnt got any pencils in his pencil-case.3. 询问想要什么时用some:Would you like some juice.Can I have some stamps.十、 there be结构1. 确定句 有: There is +单数或不行数名词There are +复数注: 遵循就近原就,看靠there be最近的2. 一般疑问句 有吗 ,:Is there. Yes, there is./ No, there isn t. Are th

14、ere. Yes, there are. /No, there aren t.3. 否定句 没有: There isnt. There arent.4. there be句型与 havehas的区分 :there be表示在某的有某物 或人;havehas表示某人拥有某物.十一、祈使句Sit downplease.Don topen the door, please. Let sgo to the park.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ 注: 祈使句中动词用原形 十二、 情态 动词can, may, must, should, will后面直接用动词原形.1. I / He

15、 / She / They can sing.May I e in.I must go now.2. You should be quiet in the library. 3. Youll be good friends.十四、特别疑问句1. What什么 问什么事 , 什么物或什么工作等 What are you doing, Im reading.What did you do yesterday. I played basketball.What are you going to do. Im going to do homework. What is that.Its a book.

16、What does he/she do.Shes a nurse. What timeis it.Its seven.2. What colour问颜色What colour is your coat. It s red.3. when 什么时候When do you get up. I get up at six thirty.When is your birthday. Its on the 21st of December.4. Which 哪一个Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one. The yellow is min

17、e.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_5. Who谁Who is the man with a big nose. He s my uncle.6. Whose 谁的Whose bag is it. Its his bag.7. Where 哪里Where is my pen. Its under the book.8. Why 为什么Why do you like summer.Because 9.How many 多少How many books are there in the school bag. There are four books in the school b

18、ag.10.How old几岁How old is the young man. Hes nineteen. 11.How much 多少钱How much is the toy bear. It s elevenyuan.12.How 怎么样（ How long/ big/tall？）How do you go to school everyday. I go to school by car. How long is the river. It s 10 miles long.十五. 已经学过的动词sayhelpknowlostliveread runtakelistentalkseedr

19、awjumpsingdancewantmakebuyhelp give climb visit get answer learn take fly have cook phone wash sing go eat tell travele fall find ride carry like可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_swimpassplayskipwatchfly openputmeetwaitsendneed takewearcatchusefeelsmell shoutworkputtakegetbring speaksit downstand upfind outturn rightturn leftgo straightgo to school可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载