2022年外研版必修五重点知识归纳.docx

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1、精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学问点大全词汇学习1 accountn . C表达,报告.账目,账户,U缘由,理由vi . 说明,说明(1) give an account of表达,描述.说明open an account开一个账户take sth. into account/take account of sth.把考虑在内on account of because of由于(2) account for说明,是的缘由.占比例 【活学活用】(1) He of his plan.他具体的向我表达了他的方案.(2) We delayed

2、 our departure .由于天气不好,我们将启程的时间推迟了.(3) Recent pressure at work may his behavior.最近工作上的压力可能会说明他的行为.(4) The population of China 20% of the world population.中国人口占世界总人口的百分之二十.2 pourv . of rain to fall heavily雨 倾盆而下.倒. to flow quickly and in large amounts倾泻,大量涌出.a lot of people to arrive or leave at the

3、same time不断涌现 或涌向 pourout毫无保留的表达感情 或思想等 ,畅所欲言It never rains but it pours. 谚 不雨就已,一雨倾盆./ 祸不单行.【情形记忆】【活学活用】(1) The rain came .大雨滂沱.(2) The crowds began the stadium.人们开头涌出体育场.(3) She all her troubles to him over a cup of coffee.她一边喝着咖啡,一边向他倾诉着心中全部的苦恼.3 lien .谎言vi . 说谎.躺.平放于.位于.在于link .处于某种状态 1tell a li

4、e撒谎a white lie善意的谎言lie to sb.向某人撒谎可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学问点大全2lie still/awake躺着不动 / 躺着不睡lie in位于.在于【易混辨析】lie 和 lay(1) lie lied lied lying说谎 vi. (2) lie lay lain lying躺.平放于.位于.在于

5、vi. .处于某种状态 link.(3) lay laid laid laying把平放.铺设.产卵 vt . 【情形记忆】【温馨提示】 lie 表示“平放.位于.处于某种状态”,lay 表示“放置”,这是考查的重点和难点.使用时要留意结合意义、词性及各词的各种形式来综合考虑.【活学活用】(1) He said heevdenr been there, but .他说他从没去过那儿,可是他在撒谎.(2) The town the coast.这个小镇坐落在海边.3I found a wallet on the ground.我在的上发觉了一个钱包.4I saw that book open o

6、n the desk.我看到那本书摊开放在书桌上.(5) The strength of the book the fact that the material is from classroom experience.这本书的优势在于材料来自课堂体验.(6) You may it on the table.你可以把它放在桌子上.4 curiousadj . 奇怪的.稀奇奇怪的(1) curiosityn奇怪心curiouslyadv.奇怪的.奇怪的(2) be curious about对感到奇怪 be curious to do sth.极想做某事 It is curious that真是

7、奇怪(3) out of/from curiosity出于奇怪心satisfy one s curios满ity足某人的奇怪心【活学活用】可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学问点大全(1) Children everything around them.小孩子们对四周的事情感到奇怪.(2) He what would happen.他很想知道

8、会发生什么事.(3) he should have failed to win the game.他竟然没赢得竞赛,真是奇怪.5 warnvt . 警告.提示.留意(1) warningn .警告,警示(2) warn sb. of sth.提示某人 尤指 可能有危急的或有不良后果的事 warn sb. against sb./sth.让某人当心或提防某人/ 某事物warn sb. against doing sth.提示某人不要做某事warn sb. not to do sth.警告某人 不 要做某事【活学活用】(1) She has of driving the car in that s

9、tate.已经提示过她, 这样子开汽车有危急.(2) He pickpockets.他提示我们要当心扒手.3I in the storm.我警告他暴风雨时不要外出.6 determinedadj . 有决心的.坚决的(1) determinev.打算.确定,测定determinationn.决心,毅力.打算.确定,测定(2) be determined to do sth.决心做某事【活学活用】1依据汉语意思完成句子The aim of the inquiry was what had caused the accident.调查的目的是要查明事故的缘由.2单项填空 to try his fo

10、rtune abroad, he left for America.A. Having determinedB. Being determinedC. DeterminedD. To determine【解析】 C句意为：他打算到外国碰碰运气,动身去了美国.be determined to do sth. 表示“打算做某事”,此处用过去分词形式作状语,强调状态.简单误选的B 项是现在分词一般式,强调被动动作正在进行.7 forcevt .强迫,迫使.用力,强行n .武力,暴力.力气,力.武装部队1force sb. to do sth. force sb. into doing sth.强迫某

11、人做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_force one s way through a crow挤d过人群可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_force sth. open把某物强行打开可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学问点大全force sb./sth. into/out of把硬挤 入 / 出2a for

12、ced smile/laugh强作笑脸by force 用 武/ 暴力.强行【活学活用】1They the paper.他们强迫他在文件上签了字.2I saw a girl a car. 我看到一个女孩被强行带上车.3He . 他用力推开门.8 disturb v打搅,阻碍.使担心,使苦恼.弄乱be disturbed to hear that/hear of 听说 而感到担心【易混辨析】interrupt 和 disturb二者都有“打搅.打断”之意.(1) disturb 含有“扰乱、使担心”之意,特殊指阻碍正在发生的事,如睡眠、休息、工作等,仍可以指扰乱心情,“使苦恼,担心”.(2) i

13、nterrupt 强调“打断、中断”,特殊指打断某人的讲话.【活学活用】1依据汉语意思完成句子(1) Don t the papers on my desk. 别把我写字台上的文件弄乱了.(2) She her mother s suddiellnness.她获悉母亲得急病后感到心神不宁.3A snowstorm the traffic. 暴风雪中断了交通.2单项填空I could hardly stand the noise in the street, which my study.A. interruptedB. disturbedC. troubledDcaused【解析】 B 依据语

14、境可知“街上的噪声干扰了我学习” interrupt 中断,打断. disturb阻碍,扰乱. trouble 使困恼,使担心. cause 引起,导致.结合语境只有 B 正确. 短语学习1 make up 构成,组成,形成.编造.打扮.补足,补偿.和解be made up of 由 组成make for朝 前进 make it 做成.胜利.到达make into 把 制成 make out 听出,看出,辨认出.懂得,明白【活学活用】依据语境用 make 短语的适当形式填空(1) They had a quarrel but at last.(2) The audience the exits

15、 when the alarm sounded.(3) He says he will get up at 6 o clock next tomorrow, but he will never .(4) Women only a small proportion 比 例 of the prison population.(5) I must the loss anyhow.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料wo

16、rd 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学问点大全2 to start withat the beginning, at first起初,开头时. for one thing第一,第一 给出首要理由 start withbegin with以开头start over重新开头start out动身,动身【活学活用】(1) I was pretty nervous , but after a while I was fine.我一开头有些紧急,但过了一会儿就好了.(2) I don t want to buy that car. ,it is much too expen

17、sive.我不想买那辆车,第一它太贵了.(3) What time did you .你是几点钟动身的？3 set offto start to go somewhere动身,动身 for的点 . to cause anexplosion使爆炸. to make sth. start happening, especially when you do not intend to do so引起,激发(1) set out for启程,动身 去set out to do sth.着手做某事set about doing sth.着手做某事set aside留出,省出setin be set in

18、以 为背景set up建立,设立.开创,开办可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_(2) set a date/time for确定的日期 / 时间可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_set the alarm设置闹钟set the table摆桌子 预备吃饭 . 句型学习He sounds as if he s going to die of fright.他听起来似乎要吓死了；句型公式可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_as if似乎“”,引导从句 look/seem/sound/appear, etc.as if 从句主句 as if 引导的从句主句 a

19、s if to do/doing/done,etc.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_【活学活用】依据语境用set 短语的适当形式填空(1) Try to some time each day for exercise.(2) Jerry and I on foot for the beach.(3) Any movement could have the bomb.(4) They want to their own importexport business.(5) On arriving there, they to do the task.(6) The movie is

20、 Shanghai in the 1940 s.【留意事项】(1) as if从句的语气准时态as if 从句用陈述语气的情形：当说话者认为句子所表达的是真实的、极有可能发生或存在的事实时.如：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学问点大全It sounds as if it is raining.听起来像是在下雨.as if 从句用虚拟语气的

21、情形：当说话人认为句子所表达的是不真实的、极少有可能发生或存在的情形时.从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下：a. 假如从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时.如：He talks as if he knew where she was.他说话的样子,似乎他知道她在哪里似的.b. 从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had 过去分词”表示.如： He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.他说起罗马来似乎他以前去过那里似的.c. 从句表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could/might动词原形”表示.如：He opened

22、 his mouth as if he would say something.他张开嘴似乎要说什么.(2) as if 仍可用于省略句中假如 as if 引导的从句是“主语系动词”结构,可省略主语和be 动词,这样as if 后就只剩下形容词 短语 、介词短语、不定式或分词等.如： Tom raised his hands as if he was to say something.汤姆举起手似乎要说什么.She left the room hurriedly as if she wasangry.她匆忙离开房间似乎愤怒了.【活学活用】(1) He behaved as if nothing

23、 .他表现得如无其事.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_(2) It s my birthday. As if 课后练习 . 单词拼写. 今日是我的生日.你似乎不知道似的；可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1The law applies to all EU countries; Britain is no e .2With the help of his friends, he finally s the problem. 3I p when I saw smoke coming out of the engine.4The paper published a 评

24、论 of her book. 5A s is used to protect us from bad weather. . 选词填空可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_fortunehang on , to start with, make one s wa,yplay a trick on, make one s可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1. No one likes to .2. He went to New York City without a penny in his pocket, hoping to .3. we haven t enough m

25、oney, and secondly we re too busy.4. a minute. I will get him.5. He towards the seaside, curious but a little frightened. 单项填空可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学问点大全12022 江苏卷 The doctor is

26、skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good .A expectationB reputation CcontributionDcivilization【解析】 B此题考查名词辨析.have a very good reputation表示“享有很高的声誉”. expectation期望、期望, contribution奉献, civilization文明,均不符合语境,故排除.2People have always been about

27、 exactly how life on earth began.A curiousB excited C anxiousDcareful【解析】 A此题考查形容词辨析.be curious about sth.对某事奇怪. 32022 天津卷 My father warned me going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.A byB on C forDagainst【解析】 D此题考查固定搭配.warn sb. against doing sth.警告某人不要做某事.依据语境选D.4Dont worry if

28、you dont understand everything. The teacher will the main points at the end.A recoverB review C requireDremember【解析】 B此题考查动词辨析.review 复习. recover 复原. require 要求.remember记住.5Some parents are just too protective. They want to their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.A spotB dismiss C she

29、lterDdistinguish【解析】 C此题考查动词辨析.依据上句Some parents are just too protective.可知下文要说“父母们想爱护孩子们不受到任何损害”.shelter 作动词可表示“爱护,庇护”. spot 弄脏,认出,发觉,定位.dismiss 开除,使解散.distinguish区分. 6Im not surprised that he became a writer. Even as a child he had a imagination.A clearB cautious C funnyDvivid【解析】 D此题考查形容词辨析.vivid

30、生动的. clear 清楚的. cautious 谨慎的.funny 好玩的.7American Indians about five percent of the U S.population.A fill upB bring up C make upDset up【解析】 C此题考查动词短语辨析.A 项 fill up 表示“装满,填满”.B 项 bring up表示“抚养”. C 项 make up 表示“组成,编造,虚构,化妆,和解”.D 项 set up表示“建立,建造”.句意为：美国的印第安人大约占美国总人口的百分之五. 8Einstein liked Boses paper so

31、 much that he his own work andtranslated it into German.A gave offB turned downCtook overDset aside可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学问点大全【解析】 D此题考查动词短语辨析.give off表示“发出 光等 ,排出,放出”. turn dow

32、n表示“把声音调小,拒绝”.take over表示“接管”. set aside 表示“撇开,放在一边,不顾.保留”.9His illness his absence.A makes outB accounts for Cfigures outDfinds out【解析】 B此题考查动词短语辨析.account for说明的缘由.句意为：他由于生病,所以才缺席.10 2022 天津卷 I a bank account after I made $1,000 by doing a part- time job during the summer vacation.A borrowedB opened C enteredDordered【解析】 B考查动词辨析.open a bank account意为“开了一个银行账户”.句意为：暑假期间,我做兼职挣了1,000 美元之后,就开了一个银行账户.borrow 借.enter 进入. order 定购,命令.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载