2022年新版八级英语下册第一至第五单元知识点总结 .docx

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1、精品_精品资料_34. As a result , he often fell illand his grades dropped.结果,他常常生病,功课也落下了.【解析 1】as a result 结果 （插入语,放在句首,用逗号隔开）Don t ask him too late into the night,As a result, he is only a small child.【解析 2】fall ill生病fall asleep 入睡35 .The earlier kids learn to be independent ,the better it is for their fu

2、ture.孩子们越早学会独立,对他们的将来越好.【解析】 the + 比较级, the + 比较级“越. 越.”The more you smile, thehappieryou will feel.Unit 4 Why don t you talk to your parents.一、基础学问1. Why don ytou talk to your parents. 你为什么不和你打父母谈谈了？【解析】 Why dont you do sth .= Why not do sth.为什么不了？【拓展】用于提建议的句型有：(1) What about doing sth .=How about

3、doing sth.怎么样？可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_(2) Why don t you do sth.= Why not do sth为. 3Let s do 让sth我. 们一起做某事吧. 4Shall we/I do sth. 我们做 好吗？(5) had better do/not do sth最好做 /不做某事什么不了？可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_(6) Will/Would you please do sth请你做 好吗？(7) Would you like to do sth.你想去做某事吗？(8) Would you mind doin

4、g sth ？你介意做某事吗？【回答】(1). 同意对方的建议时,一般用： Good idea./ That s good好id主e意a. OK/ All right./ Great好/ 行/ 太好了 Yes, please ./ I d是lo的ve/ to我情愿 I agree with you我同意你的看法 No problem没问题 Sure/ Of course/ Certainly当然可以 Yes, I think so对,我也这样想(2). 对对方的帮忙或要求表示委婉谢绝时,一般用： I don t think 我so认为不是这样 Sorry, I can t对不起,我不能 I d

5、 love to, but I m afraid我愿意,但唯恐 2.I have to study too much so I don t get enough sleep.我要学的太多,因此我睡眠不足.【解析 1】1too many +复数名词 很多too many people 2too much + 不行数名词 很多 too much homework 3muchtoo + 形容词太much too cold【解析 2】soconj . 因此可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_表示因果关系,后面跟表示结果的句子,不与because 同时使用）3. My parents don

6、 t allow me to hang out with my friends.我的父母不答应我和我的伴侣们出去闲逛.【解析】 allow sb. to do sth答应某人做某事【拓展】 allowv 答应allow doing sth答应做某事They don t allow somking.allow sb. to do sth答应某人做某事 My mother allows me to watch T V. be allowed to do sth被答应做某事【拓展】 allow 与 let 的辨析：allow 指“答应 ”,表示 “默许,听任,不加阻挡”,allow sb to do

7、 sth答应某人做某事.Let 指“让”,let sb do sth 让某人做某事,语意较弱,多用于口语中,let 不能用于被动语态.4. What s wrong.怎么啦？【解析】 Whats wrong with sb./ sth（某人 /物） 怎么了？5. I m really tried because I studieduntil midnight last night.我真的很累,由于我昨天晚上始终学习到半夜.【解析】 until直到时6. Why don t you go to sleep earlier this evening.今日晚上你为什么不早点睡觉了？【解析】 go t

8、o sleep去睡觉 强调 “入睡,睡着 ”这一动作）7. You look sad, Kim.金,你看起来很难过.【解析】 look看起来（系动词,后跟形容词作宾语）【拓展】：系动词：后跟adj. 作表语一是：（ be） am /is /arebe quiet=keep quiet保持寂静二保持： stay/keep（表示连续状态）stay healthy=keep healthy保持健康三变化： become/get/turn（表示状态变化）五起来： sound/look/smell/taste/feel（表示感觉）8. Youcall him up.你给他打电话.【解析】 call up

9、 v + advcall on拜望.号召I call up my parents every Sunday.9. Well, I found my sister looking throughmy things yesterday.哦,昨天我发觉我妹妹翻了我的东西.【解析 1】find sb. doing sth发觉某人正在做某事Mr. Wang found Li Dong reading a storybook in the class.类似动词： hear, watch, see, feel【解析 2】look through浏览【拓展】与 look 相关的短语：look forlook

10、after=take care oflook likelook the samelook overlook throughlook outlook uplook aroundlook forward to10. Yes, but I m still angry withher. 是的,但是我仍旧很生她的气.【解析】 be angry with sb.生某人的气可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_【拓展】 angry adj. 愤慨的 angrilyadv. 愤慨的(1) be angry with sb. =be mad at sb.对某人愤慨【 with 后接人】(2) be a

11、ngry at/about sth对某事感到愤慨【at 后接事】(3) be angry to do sth做某事感到愤慨11. Although she s wrong, Itnot abisg deal.尽管她错了,但也不是什么大错.【解析 1】although= though尽管 , 用来引导让步状语从句.【注】 though / although不能与 but 连用【拓展】 although/however辨析althoughconj , “虽然.即使.纵然 ”,引导让步状语从句时放在主句前后都可.Although he is very old, yet he is quite str

12、ong.他虽然年纪大了,但身体仍很健壮. however adv,在句中作插入语,起一个连词的作用,一般用逗号与句子分开,可以放在句首或句中,意为“然而,尽管如此 ”.It s raining hard, However, I think we should go out.雨下的很大.尽管如此,我认为我们仍应当出去.【解析 2】It s not a big deal.没什么大不了.不是什么大事（常用于口语中）You left your homework at home.你把作业忘在家里了.【解析】 leave v遗忘,留下leave sth . somewhere 把某物忘在某的leave s

13、b. by oneself把某人单独留下12. Hope things work out.期望事情顺当解决.【解析 1】hope v期望hope to do sthI hope to visit Guilin.hope + that从句 （表示期望）I hope that you ll be better soonwish v期望wish to do sthI wish to visit Guilin. wish sb.to do sth期望某人做某事I wish you to go.wish +that从句表示愿望,从句用虚拟语气I wish I were you.【解析 2】work ou

14、t解决.胜利的进展,后跟fine,well, badly等词,说明产生的结果如何.运算出（答案、数量、价格等）The math problem is too difficult for me to work out可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_work out制定出（方案等）I have worked out a new way of doing it.解决.找出 的答案The government has many problems to work out.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_13. My prob

15、lem is I canget on wtith my favorite.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_我的问题是我不能喝我的家人和谐相处.【解析】 get on with sb.和某人和谐相处.和某人关系良好=get along with可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_get on well/ badly with相处的好 /坏14. When they argue, it s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.当他们争执的时候,就像有一大团乌云覆盖在我们家.【解析 1】argue争执 argumen

16、t n争论have an argument with sb.与某人辩论argue with sb.与某人争执argue with sb. about sth为某事与某人争执argue about sth争论某事argue against争论.反对 He argued against the plan【解析 2】 hang over挂在 .之上.悬浮在之上hang out闲逛.常去某处He likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop. hang on to紧紧抓住You d better hang on to me in the cr

17、owd.hang up挂电话.悬挂After she finished her conversation 15.Also, my elder brother is not very nice to me.【解析】 elder adj. 年纪较长的His elder brother is ill.elder用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的长幼关系,常用作定语older泛指新旧、老幼或年龄的大小关系,可以用作表语,是old 的比较级形式.【解析 2】be nice to sb.对某人友好be friendly to sb. be good to sb.16. He always refuses to

18、let me watch my favorite TV show.他总是拒绝让我看我最喜爱的电视节目.【解析】 refuse =say no tov 拒绝refuse to do sth拒绝去做某事【2022 浙江宁波】 74. He invited her to his birthday party but she拒绝 . 17.Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.相反,他却想看什么酒看什么,始终到深夜.【解析 1】 instead代替,反而,替(1) instead副词,代替, 常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情没

19、做,而做了后面的事情.Lee was ill so I went instead. 李病了,所以我去了.(2) instead of + n/doing代替,而不是,放在句中instead of为介词短语,后面一般接名词、代词、介词短语或动名词形式.She wrote to him instead of calling him.=She didn t call him. She wrote to him instead.她没有给他打电话,而是给他写了封信.18. If your parents are having problems, you shouldoffer to help.假如你的父

20、母有问题,你应当主动供应帮忙.【解析】 offer to do sth主动提出做某事【拓展】 offer v 主动赐予可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_(1) offer to do sth主动提出做某事(2) offer sb. sth= offer sth to sb.主动供应应某人某物19. Secondly ,why don t you sit down ancdommunicate withyour brother.其次,你为什么不能坐下来和你的哥哥沟通一下了？【解析 1】secondlyadv. 其次.其次【解析 2】communicate v沟通communicat

21、ion n沟通.沟通communicate with sb.和某人沟通20. You should explain that you don t mind him watching TV all the time.你应当跟他说明说你并不介意他始终看电视.【解析】 explain说明.说明 explanation n说明.说明explain sth to sb.向某人说明某事.explain to sb sth给某人说明某事21. I mworried aboutmy school grades. 我很胆小我的学习成果.【解析】 be worried about sth.担忧某事【拓展】 wor

22、ry v担忧 worried adj.着急的worry about = be worried about为 担忧22. My cousin borrows my things withoutreturningthem.我堂弟借我东西没有仍我.【解析】 return v归仍 =give backreturn . to . = give back to .把.仍给 . v 回来.返回= come back 23.My parents give me a lot ofpresure about school.我父母在学习上给了我很多压力.【解析】 press v 按.压pressure 压力不行数名

23、词（物理学）压力air pressure气压blood pressure血压不行数名词仍可指精神上、外界施加的压力= stress under pressure在压力下24.I have to compete with my classmates at school.在学校我不得不和我的同学们竞争.【解析】 compete v 竞争.对抗 competitionn 竞争compete with sb.和某人竞争compete against/ with与 竞争compete for为 参与竞赛25. You should all beeach other to improve.你们都应当相互

24、而全面进展.【解析】 improve =make . better改进improvementn 提高26. Who gives their opinions aboutthe problem.对于这个问题都有谁提出了他们自己的观点.【解析】 opinion n看法.想法.看法in one s opinio以n 某人的观点.在某人看来give opinions about sth.给出关于某事的观点.27. These days , Chinese children aresometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have t

25、o take so many after-school classes .目前,中国的孩子有时周末比平常仍要忙,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_由于他们不得不上那么多的课后辅导班.【解析】 some time /sometime/some times/sometimes【口诀】：分开是一段,合起是某时.分开 s 是倍次,合起 s 是有时(1) some time 一段时间,做时间状语It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间(2) sometime adv 在某个时候,(3) some times名词词组, “几次,几倍 ”Mr.

26、Green went to Sanya some times last summer. 4sometimes=at times有时 （一般现在时的标志词）28. Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win.其他人正在练习体育运动,这样他们就能参与竞争并获胜.【解析】 otherspron.“其他的人或事物 ”29. The Taylors are a typical American family.泰勒一家是一个典型的美国之家.【解析 1】The Taylors泰勒一家. 在姓氏的复数前加冠词the 表示 “全家人

27、或夫妻两人 ”,使用时留意主语和谓语保持一样.【解析】 typical典型的be typical of是“ 的特点 ”30. Maybe I couldcut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my children s future.或许我可以削减他们的一些活动,但是我信任这些活动对孩子们的将来很重要.【解析】 cut out删除.删去v+adv You d better cut out that sentence.cut up切碎 cut down砍到cut in插

28、队cut off切断（水、电）供应31. I really want them to be successful . 我真的很想他们胜利.【解析】 successful 胜利的【拓展】 succeedv 胜利,达到successn胜利 successfuladj 胜利的 successfully adv 胜利的 succeed in doing sth32. It s time for homework该. 写作业了.【解析】 It s time for sth是到做某事的时候了.It s time for lunch.It s time to do sth It s time to go t

29、o school.33. In some families, competition starts very young andcontinues until the kids get older.在有些家庭,竞争从孩子们很小的时候就开头了,始终连续到他们长大.【解析】 continue连续.连续【拓展】 continue doing sth =go on doing sth连续做某事 前后做同一件事 continue to do sth = go on to do sth 连续做某事（前后不是同一件事）【拓展】 continue , go on, last 辨析continuev.连续,连续

30、,指进程在时间或空间上的连续,强调连续不断,有时也可以指短暂停止后连续进行.He continue the work for two days. 他连续两天都在做这项工作. go on 指无间歇或有间歇的连续,或以某种特定方式连续.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_go on to do sth 连续做某事,指开头做另外一件事.go on doing sth连续做原先所做的事情.After doing his homework, he went on to preview his lessons.做完家庭作业之后,他连续去预习他的讨论. lastv.连续,连续,维护,指某事物连续

31、存在或某种现象在时间上连续,说明某一动作要连续一段时间.She won t last long in that job那. 个工作她做不了多久.34. Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of classes.妈妈们把她们的小孩子送去各种各样的辅导班.【解析 1】send sent sent v 发送【短语】： send away 赶走send for派人去请send off寄出send out分发send up发射send sb. sth = send sth to sb.送给某人某物【注】类似的动词有：show 展现. 给 看give 给l

32、end 借出 offer （供应） return（归仍） tell（ 告知）【解析 2】all kinds of各种各样的【拓展】 kind1 n种类kind of +adj.有点,有几分, kind of cold有点冷a kind of一种的,某种的 all kinds of各种各样的different kinds of不同种类的What kind of那.种2 adj.友好的be kind to sb. = be good to sb.=be friendly to sb.对某人友好【辨析】 kind of与 kinds of:1 kind of单独用,表示 “有点 ”,后接形容词或副词

33、：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He is kind of thin.他有点”瘦 ”I feel kind of hungry.我有点饿” ”可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Uncle Wang speaks kind of quickly.王叔叔说得有点快.2 如 kind of前有 a, this, that, what等,译为 “种,种类 ” 后加名词.That kind of question is difficult to answer.那类问题难回答 .What kind of sport do you like best.你最喜爱何种运动？35.

34、Kids shouldhave time to relaxand think for themselves, too.孩子们也应当有时间放松和独立摸索.【解析】 have time to do sth有时间做某事36. And they are alwayscomparing them withother children.她们总是把自己的孩子和其他的孩子作比较.【解析】 compare A with B将 A 和 B 比较(1) compare with 把 与 .做比较(2) compare to 把 .比做37. Doctors say too much pressure is not

35、good fora child s development.医生说太多的压力不利于孩子们的进展.【解析 1】be good for对有好处【拓展】 good better ; best adj.好的 goodness n 好处.善行.美德be good for对.有好处（反）be bad for对 有害处可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_be good at +n/doing=do well in +n/doing善于于做某事be good to sb. =be kind to =be friendly to sb.对某人友好【解析 2】developmentn.进展38. Dr

36、. Alice Green says all these activities can causea lot of stress for children.爱丽丝 . 格林医生说全部的这些活动可能给孩子们带来很多压力.【解析】 causev. 造成,使发生(1) cause sb. to do sth使某人做某事(2) cause sb. for sb.给某人添麻烦【拓展】 cause, reason, excuse 辨析cause n. 缘由,指引起某种结果的“缘由 ”,后接介词 of.The cause of the accident was the fact that he was dr

37、iving too fast.事故的缘由是他开车开的太快. reasonn. 理由,缘由,指打算做某事或实行某项行动的理由.The reason he was driving so fast was that he didn t want to miss an imp他or开tant meeting.车如此快的缘由是他不想错过一个重要的会议.excusen. 辩解,借口,指对某种行为所做的说明,可以是真的,也可以是托词.He made a good excuse for his driving. 他为自己开快车找了一个堂皇的借口.39. .In my opinion , it is impor

38、tant for children/ parents to .我认为, 对于孩子们 /父母来说,是重要的.【解析】 in one s opinion以某人的观点.在某人看来40. Perhaps children/ parents should / could . 或许孩子们 /父母应当 / 可能 .【解析】 perhaps或许.可能【拓展】 perhaps , probably , possibly , maybe 辨析perhaps 意为 “或许,可能 ”,一般指比较小的可能性.Perhaps I will see him the day after tomorrow, but I am

39、not sure. 或许我后天去看他,不过我不能确定.probably “很可能,大致 ”,其可能性最大,表示一种几乎完全确定的意思.He will probably refuse the offer. 他很可能会拒绝这份提议.possibly 意为 “可能,或许,或许 ”,可能性较大.I ll see you today, or possibly tomorrow我. 今日要见你,不过也可能是明天. maybe“或许,大致 ”,主要用于非正式场合,常用在口语中,语气比perhaps 轻.Maybe you put the letter in your basket.或许你把信放在你的篮子里了

40、.41. Itcraszy. 这是疯狂的.【解析】 crazy. adj.不理智的.疯狂的在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语 be crazy about对 着迷.热衷于 I m crazy about football.42. Does Cathy Taylor thinkit s important for kids to joinafter-school activities.凯西 . 泰勒认为对于孩子们而言参与课文活动重要吗？【解析】 It s + adj.easy,difficult,important,necessary +for sb. to do sth【注】如形容词表示事物特点的

41、,如：easy ,difficult, hard ,important等, 须用介词 for【形容物,用 for 】It s +adj kind, honest, friendly, +of sb to do sth.【注】 如形容词表示人的性格、品质与特点,如：good ,kind ,nice, wrong等,用介词 of .【形容人用 of 】可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_43. keep on happening 连续发生keep sb. doing sth让某人始终做某事keep up with跟上keep sb. from doing sth阻挡某人做某事keep

42、away from躲开【解析】 keep on doing连续做某事Mr. Li keptwork here for nearly 30 years.二、重点语法1. 情态动词 should 与 could 的用法should 的用法should为情态动词,表示劝说、建议,意为“应当 ”,它和其他情态动词一样,没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形,其否定形式为should n.tMaybe she should say sorry to you. 或许她应当跟你说声对不起.could 的用法情态动词 could 既是 can 的过去式,表示过去的才能,又可以表示谨慎、客气的建议,后接动词原形,其否

43、定形式为couldn .tMy grandfather could drive well even at the age of eighty.我的祖父甚至到了80 岁任然能很好的驾车.2. 状语从句状语从句就是在句子中作状语的从句.状语从句有好几种,如时间状语从句、缘由状语从句、 条件状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句等.本单元重点叙述以下三种类型的状语从句.1.until引导的时间状语从句until意为 “直到.在 .之前 ”.留意 until和 not.until在用法上的区分.Until ：在带有 till 或 until 引导的时间状语从句里假如主句用确定式, 其含义是 “始终到 时

44、”,谓语动词只能用连续性动词.假如主句用否定式,其含义是 “直到 才” ,谓语动词可用瞬时动词.The young man read till the light went out. Let s wait until the rain stops.We won t start until Bob comeDon t get off until the bus stops.Continue in this direction until you see a sign.始终朝着这个方向走直到你观察一个指示牌.I didnwt ake up until I heard the alarm clock.直到听到闹钟的铃声我才醒来.2.so that 引导的目的状语从句so that 是连词,意为 “为的是,以便 ”,引导目的状语从句.留意 so that, in order that和 in order to在用法上的区分.Let me take down your telephone number so that I can call you later.让我登记你的号码