2022年研究生综合英语部分课后题答案.docx

《2022年研究生综合英语部分课后题答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年研究生综合英语部分课后题答案.docx（10页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Unite 11. Your job as a future employee is to help the hiring managermitigate/alleviate 减轻,降低 that risk.作为一个将来的员工,你的工作是帮忙聘请经理降低风险.2. You need help them identify 认定,认同 you as prospective/expected预期的,将来的 “key player ”.你需要帮忙他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工.3. Kelly was outs

2、tanding andoutshone/surpassed优于 ,超过 every other player on the field.凯利特别杰出,赛过了球场上全部其他球员.4. Better still,develop a reputation inside your lab and with people your lab collaborates with as a person who fosters andinitiates/originates发动,创建 collaborations. 更为有利的是,要在你试验室内部, 以及在和你们试验室合作的人之间,培育一个良好的声誉：一个勉励

3、并发动合作的人.5. He is a former scientist whotransitioned/transferred 转变,转变 to industry many years ago and then on to a senior management position.他之前是一名科学家,很多年前他转向了企业, 并始终做到高级经理的职位.6. The unions mobilized/organized组织 thousands of workers in a protest抗议,游行 against the cuts. 协合会组织了一场数以千计的工人游行来抗议裁员.7. This

4、creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on theirconvictions/beliefs信念 .act on ones convictions按某人的想法行事.这样, 不仅对那些行动快速的人们,也对那些思维灵敏,并有士气按自己想法行事的人们提出了要求.8. His speech was made with such great ambiguity/vagueness不清晰 that neit

5、her supporter noropponent 反对者 could be certain of his true position.他的演讲有很多疑点,既没有支持者也没有反对者来确定他的立场.9. The scientist who is transitioning into the business world must prioritize优先处理 his or her relationship assets/advantages资源,优势 above their technical assets. 想转行到企业界的科学家们必需优先考虑他们的社会关系资源而不是技术资源.10. This

6、 approach, combined with a liberal开明的 use of the pronoun “we”and not just ”I”when describing your accomplishments 业绩 , can change the companys perception/impression看法,印象 of you from a lone wolf to a selfless collaborator.这个方法,加上你在描述业绩是开 明的使用代词“我们”而不是“我”,能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变成“合作者”.11. Im trying tofoster

7、/encourage培育,勉励 an interest in classical music in my children.我尝试着培育孩子在古典音乐上的爱好.12.A German company collaborated/cooperated 合 作 with a Swiss firm 公 司 to develop theproduct. 一个德国公司和一个瑞士公司合作开发的产品.The independence-versus-interdependenceissue has been writtenabout regularlyand is oftenintroducedas thema

8、jorissue separating thetwoworldsof scientificemployment ： academic and industrial. For decades, academia haspaid lip service to the idea of collaboration, but the incentive-and-reward system has been slow toadjust . Despite the widespread interest incollaboration and its obvious value in an academic

9、setting , collaboration remains informal and is actually discourageby the tenure process, in which scholars are penalized for sharingcreditfor their work with others.Large-scale academic collaboration has taken place successfully in the past; the Manhattan Project and contemporaneous radar research,

10、 and numerous experimental particle projects, to可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -cite just a few examples, are not perhaps academic in the purest sense, but theydemonstratethat academic sc

11、ientists can play well with others. More recently, new systems biology studiesare bringinga sense of teamwork into academic life science labs, but there have been some growing pains. Still, in most of academic science including the life science the lone wolf still rules.独立性抗相互依存关系的问题已被写入常常定期介绍在学术和工业

12、两个世界科学的用人的主要问题,几十年来,学术界始终口惠合作的想法,但勉励和嘉奖制度迟迟没有调整.尽管在协作的广泛爱好和其明显的价值在学术环境中,合作仍旧是非正式的,实际上是由任期过程,其中学者惩罚共享的信用为自己与他人的工作劝阻.过去已经发生过胜利的大规模的学术合作; 曼哈顿方案和当时雷达的讨论,以及众多的 试验粒子项目, 仅举几个例子或许不是纯粹意义上的学者,但他们证明, 学术科学家可以与其他人合作得很好.最近, 新的系统生物学的讨论使团队合作的意识进入学术生命科学试验室,但也显现了一些进展上的问题.不过,在大多数学术科学-包括生命科学仍以单干者主.Unite 41. Although su

13、ch a statement may seem self-centered自我为中心的, it s actually 实际上 quiteinsightful/perceptive富有洞悉力的.虽然这样的话听起来好像有些以自我为中心,实际上却是相当有见的.2. Among other things, people who like themselves are more open to criticism 批 评 and lessdemanding of/exacting of others.从别的方面来说,自我喜爱的人更乐于接受批判,对别人的要求也不那么苛刻.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精

14、品_精品资料_3. It can be romantic, exciting,obsessive/compulsive令的,令人兴奋的,让人着迷的,或者是不理智的.人着迷的 , and irrational. 它可能是浪漫可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_4. And,peoplewhosaytheyare“inlove ” emphasizecaring,intimacy,andcommitment/fidelity 忠诚, 忠心 .而且, 说自己 “处于恋爱中” 的人们重视相互之间的关怀、亲热和忠诚.5. In any type of love , caring about

15、the otherperson is essential. Althoughlove may involvepassionate 激情的 yearning/desire期望 , respect is a more important quality.不管是哪种类型的爱, 关怀另一方是特别必要的.虽然爱可能包含激情的期望,然而相互敬重才是最重要的品质.6. Instead, it is an unhealthyor possessive/jealous占 有欲 dependency 依靠 that limits thelovessocial, emotional,and intellectual

16、growth. 反而成为一种不健康的或者是具有占有欲的依靠,而这会限制爱的双方在社会、情感和智力方面的进展.7. Thismisconceptions 误 解 oftenleadtounrealistic 不 现 实 的 expectations 期 望 ,stereotypes 固定模式 , and disillusionment/disenchantment幻觉破灭 .这些误会常常会导致不现实的期望、固定模式和幻觉破灭.8. It means paying bills, putting out the garbage, scrubbing toilet bowls, being up al

17、l night with asick baby, and performing myriad/numerous 各种各样的,数不清的 other “oatmeal ”tasks that are not very sexy.它是付账单,倒垃圾,刷马桶,孩子生病时守夜,以及完成其他各种各样不那么性感的“搅拌燕麦粥”的任务.9. Even during the preteen years, romantic experiences are cultured in the sense that societal and group practices and expectationsshape/fo

18、rm 塑造 romantic experience. 甚至在 13 岁之前,请感经受就有社会和群体的活动和期望所打算和培育起来了.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -10. Once desire diminishes, disappointed loves may wonder where the “spark” in their relat

19、ionship has gone and may reminisce/recall回忆 regretfully and longingly about “the good old days”.一旦欲望消逝了,扫兴的恋人就会惊奇原先他们关系中的“火花”去哪了,他们可能会很遗憾的 而且期望的 怀念“过去的美好时间”.If we look at love in other countries and cultures, we find many variations. In societies like India love is not necessarily anprerequisite for

20、 marriage. Even highly educated Indian men andwomen who date non-Indians while living in Western countries often consent to arranged marriages. Respect for parent wishes, family traditions, and duty to the kin group are more important than love. Most middle- and upper-middle class women in India can

21、 marry whomeverthey want. Many, however, prefer arranged marriages and have veto power over undesirable candidates. Arranged marriages are attractive because they offer more stability than love. According to one highly educated woman in Calcutta who has been happily married for three years to a man

22、she had met just three times before their engagement, love isn t essential formarital happiness: ”I met a lot of people I liked, but no one was suitable for marriage, because Iwas looking for practicality also. Love is important, but its not sufficient”假如我们看一下爱其他国家和文化中,我们发觉很多变化.在印度这样爱的社会不肯定 是婚姻的先决条件

23、.即使是受过高等训练的印度男人和女人生活在西方国家,而迄今谁非印度人往往同意包办婚姻.敬重父母的意愿,家庭传统和义务的亲属组比爱情更重要.大多数中层和上层中产阶级的印度妇女可以娶他们想要的任何人.然而, 很多人喜爱包办婚姻,并有拒绝权不受欢迎的候选人.包办婚姻是有吸引力的,由于它们供应了比爱情更稳固.据一位受过良好训练的女人在加尔各答谁始终开心的结婚三年了一个人,她遇见了刚刚三次订婚 前,爱情不是婚姻幸福必不行少的：“我遇到了很多人,我很喜爱,但没有一个是适合结婚,由于我始终在查找的有用性也.爱情是很重要的,但它不是足够 ”Unite 71. Apologies are in order/ap

24、propriate under the circumstances 合适,相宜 when Mr. Smith is mistaken for Mr. Jones. 假如有人报史密斯先生误认作琼斯先生,这人就应当赔礼.2. Human nature is the basis of character, temperament气质 and disposition/a particular type of character which makes someone likely to behave or react in a certain way 性情 .人性是性格、气质和性情的基础.3. It

25、is only the surface that is capable of alteration 变 化 , improvement 改 善 and refinement/improving something; making something better than it was before进一步提升 .只有一些表面特点才会变化、改善和进一步提升.4. Man s majesty 宏大的 and mobility 高尚的 are taken for granted, although his faults and weaknesses are constantly paraded/to

26、 show something publicly暴露 / 呈现在公众面前 before our eyes. 人们想当然的认为人类是宏大和崇高的, 尽管他的过错和弱点不断的暴露在我们面前.5. But the murderer 杀人犯 , robber 抢劫犯 or wife beater is singled/to separate or choose from a group, especially for special treatment or notice 挑出 out for publicity （与众瞩目） , because such conduct is unusual. 但杀

27、人犯,抢劫犯和殴打妻子的人却成为公众瞩目的焦点,由于这些行为非同平常.6. Every man unfolds a distinct character over which circumstances and education have only the most limited control.7. He was made to advance;the power to do so distinguishes/to recognize and understand the可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,

28、共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -difference between two or more things or people.区分 / 熟悉和懂得两个或更多的事物或人之间的区分 him from the animal. 他估计,有一种力气使人类和动物有不同.distinguishes. from.和.不同, .和 .有区分8. Each holds to the structure of the mold into which the soul was

29、cast/to shapemetal or other materialby pouring it into a mold while molten 塑造 / 金属或其他材料被倾注到模具中塑造 at the time of its individualization 个性 .一个人的个性和他特殊的天性在诞生的时候就已经形成了,而且不会转变.9. One plunges into thesurf/the mass or line of foam formed by waves breaking on a seashore or reef and rescues a swimmer from dr

30、owning; another dashes into a burning house and carriesa stranger to safety.10. Human nature does not and cannot change butunfolds/something opens out, develops塑造 its inherent pattern 固有模式 .人性不会也不能转变,它之呈现它固有的模式.1. So far as Im concerned在我看来 , some other arrangement would have been satisfactory.2. Th

31、e management control processshould endeavor to measure whether predetermined goals are being achieved accomplish应当尽量评测既定目标是否已经达到.3. Who s that guy Ally has been engrossed in conversation with all nigh（t 整晚始终专心的和他交谈 ？4. It would be unwise todraw conclusions from the results of a single survey仅凭一次调查结果

32、就得出结论 .5. He had no friend nor acquaintances, 他既没有伴侣,也没有熟人nor did he make any.6. Only then did she tell him about the attack她才告知他突击的事.7. Shelly, as we had seen正如我们所见, had met her through his uncle.8. It was only lately that he had a family himself他自己才成家.9. I am afraid the problems you mention are in

33、herent in the system 你谈到的这些问题是体制固有的 .10. He liked young people conscientious in their work工作仔细的年轻人.11. The teacher deviated from her custom与以往不同 and gave out no homework.12. If you follow that course of action, it will beat the peril of your own life 冒着丢失自己生命的危急 .13. His life had taken on a new dime

34、nsion出现出一片新面貌.14. Im perfectly capable of looking after myself能够照料我自己, thank you.15. The furniture is made in much the same way as it was 200 years ago和 200 年前几乎一样的式样 .16. The lifeboat was sent out torescue the sailor from the sinking ship挽救沉船上的海员.17. Portugal participated in the war葡萄牙参与了战争 by send

35、ing an army to France.18. The difficulty is due to our ignorance由于我们的无知造成的.Unite 91. City officials have slowed the development bystalling/delaying延期,停顿 building permits许可 for the area. 城市官员通过拖延区域的建筑许可的减缓了进展速度.2. Sales of the new drug have been stopped,pending/waiting for 直到 . 时为止 further 进一步 resear

36、ch.新药的销售已经停止,等待进一步的考证.3. Wehada difficulttimeduringthefinancialcrisis, buteventually 最 终 thingsturned可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -out/became 变成, 转变 all right. 在金融危机期间我们经受了困难时间,但最终事情变好了

37、. 4.The youngemperor 皇帝 had at his disposal/under his control在他的掌握之下 a very powerful light infantry步卒 army with experienced officers军官 and very high morale 士气 .这位年轻的皇帝曾掌控着一个特别强大的拥有体会丰富的军官和极高的士气的轻步卒部队.5. He has been down on his luck/suffering from bad luck 穷 困 潦 倒 lately, his company wentbankrupt 破产

38、and his girlfriend broke up with him.近来他变得穷困潦倒, 由于他的公司破产了并且他的女友和他分手了.6. Predictionsof a disastrous 灾难性的 slump/decline下降,削减 in industrywereproved unfounded by strong demand and continually increasing sales.强劲的需求和不断增加的销售 可以使行业中的灾难性衰退的猜测不攻自破.7. In the first five years of reform 改 革 , the countrysGDP so

39、ared/increased增长,激增 by almost 40%.在第一个五年的改革以后,该国的国内生产总值增长了近40.8. He skimped/did without 吝啬 for years to pay back 偿仍 the money that he borrowed for his college education. 他吝啬于偿仍他为了上高校而借的钱.9. WhenI wasonthedole/welfare 福利,失业救济金, I got$5.50perweekfromthegovernment and spent $2.50 on rent.当我在领取失业救济金的时候,

40、我每周从政府得到5.5 英镑,并且用2.5 英镑支付租金.10. Mr.Wilson wanted new recipients 收件人 to be eligible for aid/able to get help 得到帮忙 only one year,but some Democrats 民主党 wanted two years. 威尔逊先生期望新的收件人只有 资格获得一年救济,但一些民主党人期望可以得到2 年.Northern Canada, including the Northwest Territories, is anexpensive place to live. Housin

41、g is at least 60% more expensive in the norththan it is in southern Canada. Food prices are also higher , by at least 20%. Since building materials and foodstuffs areimported from the south, the higher prices are primarilydue to transportation costs.Communitiesfar away from Yellowknife have higher c

42、osts, and communities served only by aircraft have the highest food and housing costs. For example, foodstuffs shipped by air toremote communities such as Sachs Harbour on Banks Island are 80% more expensive than they are in Yellowknife. To offset these high food and housing costs, wages are higher

43、than those in southern Canada. In addition, most people live in public or staff housing, whererents are subsidized. Governmentemployees living in remote communities receive an isolated postallowance payment to help offset the higher cost of living.加拿大北部, 其中包括西北的区,就是住一个 昂贵 的的方. 房价在加拿大北部比南部贵至少 60.食品价格

44、也较高至少20.由于建材和食品是从南方进口 ,这种高价格,主要是由于 运输成本. 远离耶洛奈夫的社区具有更高的成本,社区服务只能由飞机拥有最高的食 品和住房费用.例如,食品空运运到偏远的社区,如萨克斯港的班克斯岛有80以上的价 格比他们在耶洛奈夫.为了抵消这些高食品和住房成本,工资比在加拿大南部高.此外,大多数人都居住在公共或职工住宅,其中租金补贴. 政府雇员居住在偏远社区收到一个孤立的 岗位津贴的支付,以帮忙抵消生活成本较高.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载