2022年最全的人教版七年级英语语法总结 .docx
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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载七年级语法总结1、目前所学的动词的形式有 4 种:动词原形;如: do;have;like 动词的单三式(常在动词原形后加 s);如: get-gets 动词不定式( to+动词原形);如: meet-to meet 动词 ing 式(动词原形后加ing)如: look-looking 2、表示征求看法或建议邀请的礼貌用语 Would you like +to+动词原形 . (你想要 吗?)How about+动词 ing .( 怎么样? 好不好?)What about +动词 ing. ( 怎么样? 好不好?)Why not
2、 +动词原形 . (为什么不 呢?)Why dont you +动词原形?(你为什么不 呢?)ll be glad to Let s +动词原形 .(让我们 吧;)表示同意、答应: Yes,I d like to./Oh,Id love to.All right/OK. Great.Sure.Good idea.Thanks.I Thanks.That would be very nice.I d like that.表示不同意、拒绝: No,thanks.Sorry,I cant.I d like to.But Im afraid I cant/I have no time.3、目前学过的情
3、态动词有can, may,could,would和 will 等五个;学好情态动词必需把握三个用法:后必需跟动词原形;没有三单式(其后不能加 s);可以把情态动词提到句首构成疑问句;可以在情态动词后面加上 not 构成否定句;4、目前学过的后跟动词不定式(to+动词原形)的有:would like to+ 动词原形(想要做某事) ; want to+动词原形(想要做某事) ; forget to+动词原形(遗忘要做某事); like to +动词原形(喜爱做某事); love to +动词原形(喜爱做某事)ask sb. to +动词原形 .(请 /叫某人做某事)tell sb. to +动词
4、原形 .(告知 /叫某人做某事)would like sb. to +动词原形 .(想叫某人做某事)want sb. to +动词原形 .(想叫某人做某事)have to +动词原形(必需 /不得不做某事)Nice/Glad/happy to +动词原形(很兴奋做某事)如: Nice to meet you. I m glad to be here.5、目前学过的后跟动词原形的有:情态动词: can,may,could,would,will 后;名师归纳总结 助动词 do,dont,does,doesn 后( does,doesn 一显现,三单式要滚蛋) ;第 1 页,共 12 页动词 ple
5、ase请后:如: Please tell him about the picnic. 短语 Why not /Why dont you 后;动词 let 后;如: Let Jane help you. Let go home. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载动词 help 后,也可带 to;如:Let s help Maria to carry water.祈使句以动词原形开头 ,如:Have a seat , please.请坐下;6、目前学过的后跟动词 ing 的有:Be 动词后的动词;如: Are you kidding.
6、Im just looking. This is Michael speaking. 全部的介词后;已学过的介词有 :at,for,about,in,on,from,of,to,with,after 等;如: What about +动词 ing. Whatabout flying a kite with me . How about +动词 ing. How about going fishing this Sunday. It ime for home=It s time to go home.Thank you for helping me=Thank you for your help
7、. go +动词 ing go fishing 去钓鱼 ; go shopping去购物do some shopping购物like/love +动词 ing (喜爱做某事)7、有单复数变化的词名词1 名词单数变复数的方法1大部分在词尾加 s.如: dog-dogs 2以-s, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾的加 es. 如:class-classes bus-buses glass-glasses box-boxes watch-watches 手表 fish-fishes 3以“ 辅音字母 + y” 结尾的,变 y 为 i,加 es. baby-babies 婴儿 family-famil
8、ies 家庭 study-studies 书房 fly-flies 蝇子 留意: boy -boys play-plays toy-toys way-ways monkey-monkeys4以 f, fe 结尾的,变 f, fe 为 v,加 es. half-halves 一半 knife-knives 小刀 yourself 你自己 -yourselves 你们自己 2 特别变化的词1 a 变 e: manmen男子 womanwomen女子 snowman-snowmen 雪人 Englishman- Englishmen 英国人 Englishwoman-Englishwomen 英国妇
9、女 2 o 变 e:foot-feet 脚 tooth-teeth 牙齿 3 单复数同形: Chinese-Chinese中国人 fish-fish 鱼 yuan-yuan人民币元 4 mousemice 老鼠 child children 儿童 5合成词中一般变后面的词:apple tree-apple trees苹果树 但以下需前后都变:man teacher-men teachers(男老师)woman doctor-women doctors 女医生 名师归纳总结 6集体名词,以单数形式显现,但实为复数;例如:people(人们)police (警察们)第 2 页,共 12 页本身就是
10、复数, family 指“ 全家人”时,本身也是复数, 它们都不能加s. 如:The Chinese - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - people are very kind. 中国人民都学习必备欢迎下载很友好;Kangkang s family are all tall and thin. 康康全家人都又高又瘦;be 动词:单数 am, is; 复数 are 行为动词:复数:动词原形单数:在行为动词后加s 或 es(即动词的三单式) ; 如:Maria likes milk. (likes 是三单式,为单数) like milk. ( like 是
11、动词原形,为复数)指示代词 单数: this 这个 that 那个复数: these 这些 those 那些8名词s全部格单数名词后直接加“s ” :Jims coat 吉姆的外套 Jeffs mother 杰夫的妈妈以 s 结尾的复数名词,只加“ ”TeachersDay 老师节 the twins books 双胞胎的书不以 s 结尾的不规章的名词复数,加“s ”Children s Day 儿童节 mens shoes男式鞋表示两者共同拥有时,只在最终一个名词后加s Lucy and Lily s mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈 共同的妈妈,一个妈妈 表示两者各自拥有时,要在每个名词后加
12、s Lucy s and Kates rooms 露茜和凯特的房间(各自的房间,两间房子)9、人称代词和物主代词表人主格I we you he she it they 称宾格me us you him her it them 代词中文我我们你 ,你们他她它他们物形容my our your his her its their 词性主名词mine ours yours his hers its theirs 代性词中文我的我们的你的 ;你们的他的她的它的他们的用法:人称代词主格:作主语,常放在句首;人称代词宾格:作宾语,放在动词和介词后;形容词性物主代词:后出名词时,用形容词性;(出名就形)名词性
13、物主代词:后无名词时,用名词性;(无名就名)10.句子的成分主语:是句子要说明的人和物,是动作的发出者,是句子的主体,一般放在句首;主语由名词 ,代词担任;谓语:说明主语的动作;只有动词才作谓语,一般放在主语之后;名师归纳总结 宾语:是动作的接受者;放在动词或介词后;由名词,代词担任;如:第 3 页,共 12 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Michael 主语often looks after 谓语学习必备欢迎下载his sister 宾语at home on Sunday. 11. 三单问题总就:主语是 第三人称单数 时, 动词(谓语)要用三单
14、式;如: He gets up at six ; 由于主语 He是第三人称单数,动词 get 后要 s, 即 gets 是三单式;可以作第三人称单数主语(三单主语)的有:1he, she,it;2 单个的人;单个的物;动词三单式的构成 1特别的: beis havehas fishes钓鱼 2有规律的: 1 大部分在词尾加s; 如: getgets take-takes need needs know knows 2 以 s, x,ch, sh,o 结尾的加 es; 如:guess guesses 猜 watch-watches看 teach teaches 教 fishgogoes 去 do
15、 does 3 以“ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾的 , 变 y 为 i ,加 es. 如:study studies 学习 fly flies 飞,放 carry carries 提 worry worries 担忧 留意: buy buys saysays playplays 12.特别疑问句特别疑问词的用法who 意思用法例句谁问人的身份, 姓He is LiLie Who is he .whom 谁名等He is my brother.Who is he . 问人的身份, 姓I can ask him the question. what 什么名等 问宾语)Whom can you ask
16、the question. 问 人 的 职 业 或He is a worker.What is he. which 哪一个事物是什么He has a book. What does he have . 问 一 定 范 围 内The big box is mine. Which box is yours. whose 谁的特指的人或物The girl at the door is Ann. Which girl is Ann.问所属关系This is her book.Whose book is this . This book is hers. what color 什么颜色问颜色(表语)My
17、 skirt is red. What color is your skirt. What time 几点问点时间We play games at five in the afternoon . What time do you play games. when 什么时候问时间We play games in the afternoon . When do you play games. where 什么地方问地点(状语)We play games at home on Sunday;Where do you play games on Sunday. why 为什么问缘由He isnt at
18、 school today because he is ill. Why isnt he at school today . 名师归纳总结 how 怎样问健康状况、He is fine/strong. How is he . 第 4 页,共 12 页how old 多大几岁做事的方式等I go home by bike. How do you go home. 问年龄He is ten.How old is he . - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - how many 多少学习必备欢迎下载跟复数名词,There are thirty boys in m
19、y class. how much 多少问数量How many boys are there in your class. 跟不行数名词There is somemilk in the bottle. how far 多远问数量或价钱How much milk is there in the bottle. 问路程Its five kilometers away from here How far is it from here. how soon 多久问 in+一段时间He can finish it in half an hour.How soon can he finish it . h
20、ow long 多久问一段时间,He has lived here for a year.问物体的长短How long has he lived here. The desk is one meters long. How long is the desk .how often 多久问频率I go to see my parents once a month. (一次 )How often do you go to see your parents. 对画线部分提问,除了要留意挑选正确的疑问词外,仍要留意语序的运用;1、 对句子的主语提问,其语序是:疑问词 +谓语 +其他成分? (整个句子是陈
21、述句语序)Sheis their teacher. Whoistheir teacher. 主语谓语主语谓语2、对句子 主语的定语 部分提问,其语序是:疑问词 +主语(即定语所修饰的名词)+ 谓语 +其他成分? (整个句子是陈述句语序)Mybook is over there. Whosebook is over there . 主语的定语主语谓语疑问词主语谓语以上两点方法都是:用正确的疑问词代替画线部分,再把句号改为问号,其余部分一般不做转变3对表语或宾语 的定语 部分提问,其语序是:疑问词 +表语或宾语(画线部分所修饰的名词)+一般疑问句 ( 省略画线部分和它所修饰的名词)Im looki
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