2022年高一必修一英语第四单元重点总结及练习.docx

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1、精品_精品资料_Unit4Earthquakes重点词汇及短语1.burstinto+n=burstoutdoing突然 起来,burstintotears=burstoutcrying2.asisknowntoeverybody 总所周知3.beinjured受伤4.cutacross 穿过 横穿5.asusual 像平常一样6.give替out 散发出8.give精疲力竭aspeech 演讲7.insteadof代9.putupshelters搭建避难10.bepleasedtodosth. 愿意做某事11.be豪proudof以而自12.thenumberof的数量13.in刻theop

2、enair 15.in在户外ruins14.rightaway立破败不堪成废墟 16.digout 掘出结18.anumberof很多17.atanend大量的终19.too to 太而不能20.tensofthousandsof成千上万的21.betrappedin=becaughtin被困在中22.all not =notall 并非全部都23.tothenorthof=northof在的北面24.berescuedfrom被从解救出25.beburied被掩埋被埋藏26.buryoneselfin=beburiedin用心于埋头于27.thinklittleof评判不高thinkhigh

3、lyof称赞赐予较高评28.asif似乎20.be/getshocked震惊21.atanend终结1) rightaway立刻,马上=immediately/atonce/rightnow/innotime可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_你必需立刻交作业.Youmusthandinyourhomeworkrightaway.2) welln.井adv.好.充分的e.g.thinkwell充分思考Learnitwell.好好的学.adj.健康的Youdontlookwell.你看上去气色不太好. int.好啦.好吧vi./vt.涌出.涌上Tearswelledupinherey

4、es.泪水涌上她的双眼.3) millionn.百万详细数字+million 单+n.百万 确数millionsof+n.大量,很多,好几百万 概数 用法同billion,hundred,thousand 等3 百万美元3milliondollars好几百万美元millionsofdollars4) burstvi./vt.burst,burst（使）爆裂. 使）破裂.（使） 爆发 e.g.Theballoonburst.汽球爆破了.Heburstwithanger.他勃然大怒.Theboybursttheballoon.那男孩把气球弄破了burstintosth./burstoutdoing

5、sth.突然.起来e.g.Sheburstintotears/laughter.=Sheburstoutcr ying/laughing.她突然哭 / 笑起来.c.n.突然破裂.爆发aburstof.一阵.e.g.aburstoflaughter/anger一阵笑声 / 大怒5) asif似乎.似乎=asthough 引导表语、状语从句1+陈述语气 从句可能性大Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看起来似乎要下雨了.2+虚拟语气 从句内容非真实的ShetreatsmeasifIwerehersister.她待我就像我是她姐妹一样.Heturnedaroundasifhehad

6、ntseenme.他转过身,似乎没观察我.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_6) atanend终止.终结 =finishedovere.g.Thewarwasatanend.战争终止了.相关短语：intheend最终.最终attheendof 在的终点bytheendof到,底（末）为止etoanend终止 （物作主语 ,不及物） putanendtosth.终止（人作主语 ,及物）e.g.Themeetingcametoanend.会议终止了.Thechairmanputanendtothemeeting.主席终止了会议.7) ruinc.n.废墟;遗迹 常用复数e.g.th

7、eruinsofYuanmingyuan圆明园遗迹u.n.毁坏.破坏.破产e.g.Thepanyisfacingruin.那公司面临破产.vt.毁灭.使破产e.g.Thefireruinedthehouse.火把房子烧毁了.Thebadnewsruinedhishope.这个坏消息毁灭了他的期望.inruins严峻受损.破败不堪.成为废墟.落空e.g.TheearthquakeleftthecityofTangshaninruins.的震使得唐山这座城市成了一片废墟.Hiscareer/planisinruins.他的事业尽毁. /他的方案落空.8) shockvt. 使震惊.震惊u.n.休克

8、c.n.冲击.震惊.震惊常用结构： beshockedat/bysth.对惊讶beshockedtodosth.因做某事而惊讶shockingadj.骇人听闻的,令人震惊的e.g.他们对这个骇人听闻的消息感到非常震惊.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Theywereshockedat/bytheshockingnews.或 Theyweres hockedtoheartheshockingnews.她的死对我是个很大的震动.Herdeathwasagreatshocktome. 9）rescuec.n./u.n.援救.营救e.g.arescueteam一支营救队短语：e/got

9、osbsrescue来/ 去救援/ 帮忙某人Thefirefighterscametotheirrescue.消防人员来营救他们.vt.rescued,rescuing援救.营救常用结构rescuesb./sth.from （从中）搭救 /营救出某人Thefirefightersrescuedthemfromthefire.消防人员把他们从大火中救了出来.10） trapn.陷阱,圈套,阴谋.困境vt.使陷入困境 ;设陷阱,诱骗（-pp-） betrappedin/by被困住,陷入 e.g.Theyweretrappedintheburninghotel.他们被困在失火的酒店里.trapsb.

10、intodoingsth.使某人陷入圈套,用计使某人做某事11） digoutdig-dug-dug;digging找出,挖出,掘出,发觉digoutthetruth找出真相digsth./sb.outof（从中）掘出.挖出他不得不从雪里把车挖出来. Hehadtodighiscaroutofthesnow. 12）buryvt.1掩埋.掩埋.隐匿e.g.Hisbodywasburiedunderatree.他的尸体被埋在一棵树下.2用心致志于某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_buryoneselfinsth. sb.beburiedinsth.埋头于.用心于e.g.Hebu

11、riedhimselfinhisstudies.=Hewasburiedinhisstudies.他埋首于学习.13）frightenvt.恐吓,是惊讶,使可怕孩.e.g.Thedogfrightened frighten.away把.thechild.吓跑狗吓坏了小e.g.Thebarkingofthedogfrightenedthethiefaway.狗吠声把小偷吓跑了.了frightensb.intodoingsth./frightensb.outofdoings th.恐吓某人 不 做某事frightc.n./u.n.惊骇,惊讶frighteningadj.令人惧怕的,惊恐的,可怕的

12、frightenedadj.感到可怕的,受惊吓的14）congratulationn.庆贺,贺词（常用 pl. ）“就某事庆贺某人”offer/sendonesstosb.on/uponsth.或offer/sendsb.one sson/uponsth.e.g.我们庆贺他的成功. We offeredourstohimonhissuccess. congratulatevt.庆贺,庆贺sb.on/uponsth.就.向某人祝贺 oneselfon/uponsth.庆幸自己 .e.g.他庆幸自己考试及格.Hedhimselfonpassingtheexam.15) judgec.n.裁判员.法

13、官.审判员.鉴赏家vt.&vi.判定.判决.审理.评判Neverjudgefrom/byappearances.别以貌取人.常用结构：judge+n.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_e.g.Youcantjudgeabookby/fromitscover.你不能凭封面来评判一本书.judge+sb.tobee.g.Ijudgedhimtobeabout50.我判定他大约 50岁.judge+sb./sth.+adj./n.e.g.Ijudgedhimtheoldest.我判定他年纪最大.judge+clausee.g.Ican tjudgewhichanswerisbetter

14、.我无法判定哪个答案更好些.judgingby/from 从看 , 依据判定（作状语）e.g.Judgingfromhisresponse,hewassatisfiedwiththep erformance.从他的反应看来,他对这场演出是中意的.Judgingbyhisaccent,hemustbefromtheU.S.A.从他腔调判定,他肯定来自美国.judgementc.n.判定.判决u.n.判定力.识别力16) expressvt.表示.表达expressonesopinion/idea/attitude/meaning/ 表达某人的看法 / 想法/ 态度/ 意思等expressones

15、elf表达自己的意思Trytoexpressyourselfclearly.尽力把你的意思表达清晰吧.n.快车.速递expressionn.表达.表情.表达法重点句子分析1Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.Read ingthinklittle/poorly/badly/illofsb./sth.对某人/ 物评判不高、不好、不看重thinkalot/highly/wellofsb./sth.对某人/ 物评判很高、很好、很看重e.g.他不看重钱. Het

16、hinkslittleofmoney.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_读者们对她的书评判很高.Thereadersthinkhighlyofherbook.Herbookishighlythoughtofbythereaders.被动：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake. 三分之二的人在的震中死去或受伤.Reading可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_分数的表达法,分子用基数词 one,two,分母用序数词first,second,当分子大于 1

17、 时,分母的序数词要用复数形式, 如,1/5 为 one-fifth,4/5 为 four-fifths.“当分数 / 百分数 of名词/ 代词”作主语时,谓语的单复数由of后的名词/ 代词打算.e.g.Aboutthree-fifthsoftheearth s surfaceiscoveredwithwater.beTenpercentof thestudentsarefromChina.be3) Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometreslongandthirty mitreswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.Readingcuta

18、cross1走捷径,穿过去假如穿过这片的,我们可节约时间.We cansavetimeifwecutacrossthisfield.2和. 相反,违反他的讲话和他以前说的相反.Hisspeechcutacrosswhathehadsaidbefore.4) Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins. Readinglie1 说谎lied,lied2 位于,在于3 躺着4 处于某种状态lay,lainlie“出于某种状态”+adj./介词短语e.g.战争过后,这村庄成了一片废墟. Thevillagelayinruinsafterthewar.书打

19、开在桌子上.Thebooklayopenonthetable.5) Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.他们所看到的的方几乎一切都被摧残了.everywhere(1) adv.处处,处处Youcanseeflowerseverywhere.你处处可看到鲜花.2conj.无论哪里=wherever无论你走到哪里,都能看到鲜花. Youcanseeflowerseverywhereyougo.3n.处处, 处处Everywhereseemstobequiet.6) Allhopewasnotlost.不是全部的期望都破灭了.处处似乎很寂

20、静.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_all,both,each,every 等词与否定词 not 连用,构成部分否定,表示“不都,不全是”的意思. no,none,never 等词用于全部否定. e.g.Allthatglittersisnotgold.闪光的不都是金子.Allthestudentsdidn t passtheexam.=Notallthestudentspassedtheexam.不是全部同学都通过考试. 有的同学通过了考试,有的没有通过. None of the students passed the exam. 没有一个同学通过考试.16、大量的修饰不行数

21、名次agreat/gooddeal/alargeamountof/much修饰可数名次many/anumberof/agreatgoodmany即可修饰可数名次也可修饰不行数名次 plentyof/alotof/lotsof/alargequantityof/quantitiesof/amassof/massesof即时活用：1、Ispent ofmytimeinthiswork.A.aplentyB.agoodmanyC.agooddealD. greatdeal答案： C2、 How manybooksdoeshehave.-Hepossesses them.A.plentyofB.ver

22、ymuchC.agreatdealD.anamountof答案： Dprotectvt.爱护用法归纳：（1）protectsth.Toprotecttheenvironment,weshoulddriveless.为了爱护环境,我们应当少开车.（2） ） protectsth./sb.from+n.Youshouldwearapairofdarkglassestoprotectyoure yesfromthesnow.下雪天你应当戴副墨镜爱护你的眼睛.（3） ） protectsb./sth.fromdoingGeYouspeakscarefullyinpublictoprotecthimse

23、lffro mbeinghurt.葛优在公共场合说话很当心,爱护自己不被损害.（4） ） protectAagainstB可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Thetreebeltscanprotectthisareaagainstshiftingsa nd.护林带能爱护这个的区不受流沙的侵害.即时活用：1、可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Heraisedbothhisarmstoprotecthisface l.thebal可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A. fromB.forC.withD.to答案： A2. Atthemeeting,were

24、achedaconclusionthatweshoulddo可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_whatwecould polluted.theYellowRiverfrombeingfurther可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A. toprotectB.protectingC.protec tD.protected答案： A3. You dbetterwearyoursunglassestoprotectyoureyes t hesun.A.fromB.withC.inD.under答案： A可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_4. Asyoukno

25、w,itismydutyto sfrombeinghurtwhentheyareindanger.myyoungersister可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A. preventB.saveC. stopD.protect答案： D1.Peterwaskilledintheearthquake. Italkedwithhimlastweek.A.Whatapity.B. Ibegyourpardon.C.Sorrytohearthat.D.Isth atso.2.Wellnotattendthemeeting weareinvited.A.ifB.andC.unlessD.o

26、nce3. Theydidn tattendtheconference.They alongtripabroad.A. preparedB.werepreparingforC.werep reparingD.arepreparingfor4. Wash yourhandswithsoap theexperiment.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A. intheendofB.attheendofC.totheendofD.bytheendof可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_5. Hisstrengthhadalmost thedesert.whentheyfo

27、undhimin可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A.givenoutB.giveninC.givenupD.givenoff可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_6. Manypeoplecametothemeeting, ly.ofwhom leftear可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A.D.numberanumberB.thenumbersC.thenumber7.llI spendmyholidayinShanghai, liesonthecoast.A.whoB.whichC.whereD.that可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资

28、料_8. On nhishands.thebadnews,shecriedwithherface i可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A. hear;buryB.hear;buriedC.heard;buryingD. hearing;buried9. Notfarfromtheclub,therewasagarden, ownerwasseatedinitplayingcardswithhischildreneveryaf ternoon.A. itsB.whoseC.whichD. ofwhich10. It squite toscoreagoalinFIFAWorldCup

29、.A.aprizeB.apriceC.anhonourD.a value可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_11. Imettheteacherinthestreetyesterday eEnglishthreeyearsagoA. whichB.whenC.whereD.whotaughtm可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_12. Thepeoplethereweregreatly thingchangedoveranight.toseeevery-可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A.pleasedB.

30、shockedC.interestedD.moved可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_13. Tellusaboutthepeopleandtheplaces erentfromours.A. thatB.whoC.whichD.whomarediff可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_14. isnowonderthebuildingis .A.It;inruinsB.That;inruinsC.This;inru inDIt;inruin15. DoyoumindifIopenthewindow.,butI vecaughtabadcoldtoday.A.No,n

31、otatallB.Yes,ofcoursenotC.Yes,pleaseD.I msorryPabloRuizPicassowasthefavouritechildofhisfamily.H ewastheonlyboyamongagreatmanygirlcousins.That wasenoughtomakehimimportant,butthefatherlovedhimespecially,becauseheknewhissonwasgoingtobeana rtist.PabloknewthewordforpencilevenbeforehecouldseeMamma andPapa

32、.When hewassmall,hespenthoursby himselfmakingdelightfullittledrawingsofanimalsandpe ople.Ifhismothersenthimouttoplayinthesquare,h ewentondrawing in the dust under the trees. DonJoseRuiz,Pablosfather,wasdirectorofthemuseum insouthernSpain.He earnedonlyasmallsalary,buttherewasnotmuchworktodoandhewasab

33、letopracticehishobby,whichwaspa intingpigeons.Donlovedpigeonsverymuch.Hepaintedthem deadoraliveinonesandtwosandindozens.Sometimeshepaintedthemonpaper,cutthemoutandstuckthemonto canvas 画布 ;sometimeshestuckrealfeathersontohispictures.HedealaboutthetechniqueofpaintingandhetoPablo.knewagreat taughtitall

34、LifeinMalagawasverypleasant.Inthehotsunshinefathe randsonwouldwalkdowntothebeachtolookattheboatsontheshoreorwanderaroundtheopenmarkets.Theymadeastrangepair.Donwastallandthin,withredhair可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_andbeard,sadgray须.Hewassoshy 腮eyesandafinesetofwhiskersandcorrectthathewasnicknamed“ the可编辑

35、资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Englishman”.Pablowasquitetheopposite.Hehadhismot her ssmall,strongbuild 体可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_格;hehadstraightblackhair,andbrightblackeyesthat noticedeverythingthatwasgoingonaroundhim.36. Picasso sfatherlovedhimespecially,because.A.hewastheonlyboyinthefamilyB. hewasgoingtobean

36、importantpersontohisfamilyC.heshowedthegiftofanartistinhisear lychildhoodD.helookedlikehismother37. Pablosfatherpaintedalotbecause.A.hedidn thaveenoughmoneyB.hehadplentyoftimeC.helikedthepigeons,especiallythedeadonesD.he lookedafterthemuseum38. DonJoseRuizandPablowereastrangepairbecause.A.theylikedtowanderaboutthetownB.theynoticede verythingthatwasgoingonaroundthemC. onewastallandthin,theotherwassmallandstrongD. theylookedsodifferentfromeachother39.