2022年高一英语知识点总结2.docx

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1、精品_精品资料_高一英语学问点总结（上册）重点词组：1. fond of 宠爱,爱好 接名词、代词或动词的 -ing 形式.例如：He fond of swimmi ng.他宠爱游泳.Are you fond of fresh vegetables.你宠爱新奇蔬菜吗 ？He is fond of his research work.他宠爱他的讨论工作.2. hunt for = look for查找I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的书.hunt for a job找工作3. in order to, so as to这两个词组都

2、可引导不定式作目的状语,in order to可放于句首,so as to贝 V 不能 ,其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to.女口 ：He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting.In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们留意他,他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手.4. care about1 ） .宠爱,对 有爱好 =care forShe doesn care about money.她不宠爱钱.2） ）

3、关怀=care forShe thinks only of herself. She doesnt care about other people.她只考虑自己.她不关怀别人.3） ） 在乎,在意（接从句或不接任何成分）These young people care no thi ng about what old people might say.这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话.5. such as 意为 诸如”,像彳.”是用来列举人或事物的.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_She teaches three subjects, such as physics and che

4、mistry.她教三门科目 , 像物理、 化学.6 、drop * a line留下便条 , 写封短信7 、 make yourself at home别客气.任凭.无拘谨（ 1） If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.假如你在我之前到我家,自己喝点饮料,任凭一点.8 、stay up 不睡.熬夜（ 1） ril be late home, dont stay up for me.我将回家很晚,不要等我了.（ 2） He stayed up readi ng

5、un til 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点.9 、come about引起.发生.产生（ 1） How did the accident come about.这场事故是怎么发生的？（ 2） They did nt know how the cha nge had come about.他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的.10 、 except for除 .之外（ 1） except 与 except for的用法常有区分. except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项.如： He an swered all the questi ons except the

6、last one.除去最终一个,他回答了全部问题. We go there every day except Sun day.除了星期天,我们每天去那里.（ 2） except for用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思.女口：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.除去一个老太太,这辆公共汽车全空了. Your picture is good except for the colours.你的画儿很好,只是某些颜色有问题.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_(3) 但在现代英语中, exc

7、ept for也用于表示 except 的意思.如上述第以是：He an swered all the questi ons except for the last one.个例子可可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_(4) 另外,在介词短语之前只能用except ,不能用 except for .女口：We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.除了夏季,我们通常十点之前上床睡觉.11 、 end up with以 .告终.以 .终止 1The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌

8、终止.12 、 more or less几乎.差不多.大约.大致.大体上(1) rve more or less succeeded, but they have nt.我差不多胜利了,而他们没有.(2) Our liv ing con diti on has more or less improved.我们的生活水平或多或少提高了.13 、 bring in 引进.引来.吸取(1) We should bring in new tech no logy.我们应当引进新技术.(2) He brings in 800 dollars a mon th.他一个月挣八百美元.14 、 get awa

9、y from 逃离(1) The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_小偷带着我们全部的钱从商店逃跑了.（ 2） I caught a really big fish but it got away. 我钓到了一条好大的鱼,可是它逃掉了. 15 、 watch out（ for ）留意.留心（1） ） Watch out. There is a car coming.当心；汽车来了.（2） ） Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那个坑.1

10、6 、 see sb. off给某人送行Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火车站给伴侣送行.17 、 on the other hand另一方面（用以引出相互冲突的观点、看法等,常说on the one hand. on the other hand方面 . .另一方面）I know this job of mine isnt well paid, but on the other hand I dont have to work long hours.我知道这份工作酬劳不高,但从另一方面来说,我也不必工作

11、太长时间.18 、 as well as *（ sth ）而且He is a tale nted musicia n as well as being a photographer.她不但是摄影师仍是个天才的音乐家.19 、 take place发生 take oneplace 入座、站好位置、取得位置take sbplace 或 take the place of */ sth 代替、取代The Olympic Games take place / are held every four years.20 、 on fire 相当于 burning, 意为 燃烧.着火.起火 ,有静态的含意.

12、 Catch fire有 动态的含意.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Set o n fire / set fire to用来表示 使.着火”、放火烧例如 :Look, the theatre is on fire. Let go and help.瞧,剧院着火了,咱们去帮忙救火吧.21. on holiday在度假,在休假中Whe n I was on holiday, I visited my un cle.我在度假的时候去探望了叔叔.holiday （ holidays ） 般指休假”Tom and I are going to have a holiday.我和汤姆预备

13、去度假.r ve already had my holidays this year.我今年已经度过假了.22. travel agencyA bus in ess that atte nds to the details of tran sportati on, it in erary, and accommodati onsfor travelers. 旅行社一种为旅行者供应细致的运输、旅行和住宿方面服务的行业Also called: travel bureau23. take off 1 ）脱下 （ 衣服等） ,解（除）掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脱下了湿鞋

14、子.2） （飞机）起飞The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞.起飞特别顺禾U.3） 匆忙离开The six men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车 ,匆忙离开去公园.24. go wrong v.走错路 ,误入岐途 ,（ 机器等 ） 发生故障25. in all adv.总共26. stay away v. 夕卜出27. look up 查询（如宾语为代词,就代词放中间）Look up the word in the dicti on ary.在

15、字典里查单词.相关词组： look for 查找. look after调查.照管,照管. look forward to期望. look into可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_look on旁观. look out 留意. look out for留意,留心,提防. look over翻阅,查 看,检查.look around环视. look through翻阅,查看.28 、 run after追赶,追求If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子 , 你一只也抓不到.29 、 on the air广

16、播We will be on the air in five mi nu tes.我们五分钟以后开头广播.This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出.30 、 think highly/well/much of对 评判很高 ,称赞 , 对 .印象好He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他特别称赞.I thi nk well of your suggestio n.我觉得你的建议很好.think badly/nothing/little/lowly

17、 of .认为不好 , 好 不在意 , 不赞成 , 觉得 .不怎么样I don think much of him as a teacher.我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样.31. leave out 1漏掉 You made a mistake You ve left out a letterf 你出错了 一你漏掉了一个字母t.2删掉 , 没用 I haven changed or leftout a thing.我没有作出变动也没有删掉任何东西.32. stare at 由于奇怪、兴奋等张着嘴巴,睁大眼睛的 注视,盯着看Don stare at foreigners.lt impolite.

18、 不要盯着外国人看,这样不礼貌.比较： glare at to stare angrily at怒视着这两个小男孩相互怒视着,随时预备开战.33. make jokes about就 .说笑They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子说笑我.have a joke with about 跟某人开关于某事的玩笑.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来跟我开玩笑.play a joke on.开某人的玩笑We played jokes on each other.我们相互开玩

19、笑.v. joke about取笑 They joked about my broken En glish.他们取笑我蹩脚的英 .45. take over接管.接替.继承what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承.Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over（ his job ） .我们的主席走了,因此杰克将接管（他的工作）.46. break dow n 1）破坏.拆散Chemicals in the body break our food dow n into

20、useful substa nces.人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质.The peace talks are said to have broken down.（喻）据说和谈破裂了.2） （机器）损坏 Our truck broke downoutside town.我们的卡车在城外抛锚了.The car broke dow n halfway to the desti natio n.汽车在到达目的的的中途抛锚了.3） 失败.破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对看法打消了.4） 精神崩溃.失去掌握He broke downand wept.他不禁失

21、声痛哭.5） 起化学变化 Food is broken down bychemicals.化学物质引起食物转化.47 、 get on one feet 1）站起来 ;站起来发言2） （ =stand on ones feet） 独立, 经济上独立可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_3） （ 人）病好了 , 可以起床了 .（使）复原 , 复苏（指企业 ）48 、 go through 1）经受.经受.遭到These coun tries have gone / bee n through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火2） 完成.做完 I did nt want to

22、 go throughcollege.我不想上完高校.3） 通过.批准 The law has gone through Parliament.议会已经通过了这项法案.Their pla ns went through.他们的方案得到了批准.4） 全面检查.搜查They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李.45. take over接管.接替.继承what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承.Our chairman has left, so

23、Jack will take over（ his job ） .我们的主席走了,因此杰克将接管（他的工作）.46. break dow n 1）破坏.拆散Chemicals in the body break our food dow n into useful substa nces.人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质.The peace talks are said to have broken down.（喻）据说和谈破裂了.2） （机器）损坏 Our truck brokedown outside town.我们的卡车在城外抛锚了.The car broke dow n halfw

24、ay to the desti natio n.汽车在到达目的的的中途抛锚了.3） 失败.破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对看法打消了.4） 精神崩溃.失去掌握He broke downand wept.他不禁失声痛哭.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_5） 起化学变化 Food is broken down bychemicals.化学物质引起食物转化.47. get on one feet 1）站起来 ;站起来发言2） （ =stand on ones feet） 独立, 经济上独立3）（人）病好了, 可以起床了 .（使）复原 , 复苏（

25、指企业）48 、go through1) 经受.经受.遭到These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火.2) 完成.做完 I did nt want to go through college.我不想上完高校.3) 通过.批准 The law has gonethrough Parliament.议会已经通过了这项法案.Their pla ns went through.他们的方案得到了批准.4) 全面检查.搜查They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检

26、查了我们的行李.重点句型1. So + be/ have / 助动词 / 情态动词 +主词 的结构.此结构中的语序是倒装的,So”代替上句中的某个成分.假如上面一句是否定句,就使用Neither/No叶 be/have/助动词 /情态动词 +主语”的结构.例女口 He tired ,and so am I.= Im also tired. You can swim,and so can I.= I can also swim. She has had supper,and so can I.= Ive had lunch,too . Tom speaks English,and so does

27、 his sister.= His sister speaks English,too . A: I went to the park yesterday.B: So did I.= I also went to the park yesterday. 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2. So + 主语 +be / have / 助动词 / 情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序,so 相当于indeed,certainly,表示说话人对前面或对方所说情形的确定、赞同或证明,语气较强,意思是的确如此”.例如 A: It was cold yesterday . 昨天很冷.B: So

28、 it was . 的确如此. =Yes , it was . A: You seem to like sports .B: So I do . = Yes , I do . A: It will be fine tomorrowB: So it will . = Yes , it will . 3、 主语+do/does/did + so 结构指的是按上句的要求做了.此句型中 do so 代替上文中要求做的事,以免重复.My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.=I han ded in

29、my composition on time.语文老师叫我按时交作文,我照办了.4、 So it is with或 It is the same with.句型表示 的情形 也是如此. 当前面的 句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时,要表示相怜悯形,必需使用本句型,不能使用so 引 起的倒装句.She doesnt play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister. 5、There you are.行了 ,好.这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语.如：There you are. Then lets have so

30、me coffee.除此之外,仍可以表示瞧,对吧 果真如此 ”的语气.例如： There you are. I knew we should find it at last.对吧；我就知道我们最终能找到的.6、have some difficulty in doing sth.干某事有困难.接名词时,常用句型：have some difficulty with sth. Do you have any difficulty in un dersta nding En glish.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_你懂得英语口语有困难吗？ She said she had some

31、 difficulty with pronun ciati on.她说她在发音方面有困难.7、have a good knowledge of sth.把握”,“ .有某种程度的明白” He has a good kno wledge of London.他对伦敦有所明白. A good kno wledge of Ian guages is always useful.8、Tree after tree went own, cut down by the water, which must have been three metres deep.一棵又一棵的树被水冲倒、冲断.那水确定有三米深

32、.must have +过去分词”表示对已发生事情的推测.在英语中,must ,may , can 三 个情态动词可用来表示对事情的推测.Must 意为确定 ,语气很有把握. may 意为可能”、或许”,语气把握性不大.两者常用在确定句中.Can 意为确定”、或许”,常用在否定句或疑问句中. Must , may ,can 三者用于表示推测时,其后面可跟三种不同的动词形 式： 1）跟动词原形表示对现在事情的推测.2）跟 be doing表示对正在发生事情的推测. 3）跟 have done表示对已经发生的事情的推测.例如：Helen is Lucy good friend. She must

33、know Lucy e-mail. 海伦是露茜的好伴侣.她 确定知道露茜的电子邮件.We can hear loud voices in the meeti ng room. They must be quarrelli ng.我们可以听到会议室很吵.他们确定在吵架.I met Jeff at the gate a mome nt ago. He can have gone to Australia.我刚才仍在 大门口见过杰夫.他不行能去了澳大利亚.9、Wei Bin took out some pea nuts and it was fun to see the mon key eat fr

34、om his hand. 魏彬拿出一些花生.看着猴子从他手上吃花生,很好玩.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_fun 好玩,趣事”,不行数名词,前面不加不定冠词a.You re sure to have some fun at the party tonight.今日晚上你确定会玩得很高兴.make fun of取笑”,嘲弄”. People make fun of him only because he is wearing such astrange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是由于他穿了一件那么古怪的衣服.funny adj.可笑的,滑稽的 .He looks very f

35、unny in his father jacket. 他穿着他父亲的衣服,看上去很滑稽.10 、Many people whosaw the film were afraid to swim in the sea.很多看过这部电影的人都不敢在海里游.afraid 用法说明 :1） 可怕人 / 物,如 : be afraid of */ sth 2） 不敢做某事,如 : be afraid to do sth / of doing sth He is afraid to go out / of going out alone at ni ght.3） 担忧会发生某事 , 如：be afraid

36、of doing sth或 be afraid + that clauseHe seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid of falling into the river.He seldom sta nds on the river bank because he is afraid that he might fall into theriver.4） 给人不开心的信息或不赞同某人看法时, 用 Im afraid ,如： I m afraid Ive got bad news for you.I m afraid I cant

37、 agree with you.11 、 It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里全部东西吃完是有礼貌的.这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型,其中 to finish eating everything是主语, it 是形可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_式主语.12 、 I wish you all the best.我祝你万事如意 .用 wish 来表示希望的结构是wish * sth, 此外我们仍可以用may 来表示希望 ：May* do sth如：May you succeed.13 、W her

38、e there is a river, there is a city.有河流的的方就有城市Where 在这里引导的是的点状语从句,相当于介词 in /at/ to + the place + where句 9 定语从句）,意思是在.的方”.例如：Where there is smoke, there is fire.无风不起浪 . 事出有因.He lives where the climate is mild.他住在气候暖和的的方.14 、Strong, proud, and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes

39、of Russia .圣彼得堡人民顽强不屈、布满骄傲、团结一样,他们是俄罗斯当代的英雄.Strong, proud, and united为前置定语,在这里相当于一个非限制性定语从句：The people of St Petersburg , who are strong, proud, and un ited, are the moder n heroes of Russia . 当主语比较短时,这类短语常常放在句首.15. Congratulations.是一句庆贺用语,在使用时要用复数形式.其他几个通常以复数形式显现表达特定含义的名词有：manners（礼貌）： He is a litt

40、le boy with good manners.这个小男孩很有礼貌.regards（问候）： Please send my regards to your parents.请代我问候你父母.16. Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games.没四年,世界各的的运动员们都要参与奥运会.every + 基数词 +时间 /距离单位 词表示 每多少时间 /距离 .如：every five days（每五天） ,every three hours（每三小时） ,every ten me

41、tres（每十公尺）类似表达形式仍有: every fifth day, every third hour可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_每隔一天 的表达形式有 : every second day, every two days, every other day.17 、 M odern cellphones are more than just phones they are used as cameras and radios, and可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_to send e-mail or surf the In ternet.现代的手机不仅仅

42、是电话机一它们也当坐照相机和收音机使用,仍可以发送电子邮件和上网.use A as B把 A 用作 B.例如：In ancient times, people used stones as tools for farming.在古代, 人们把石头用作耕作的工具.use sth to do sth用某物来做某事.例如：In an cie nt times, people used stones to kill ani mals for food.在古代,人们用石头来捕杀动物猎取食物.18 、The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in

43、 touch with friends and family nomatter where we are or what we are doing.答案似乎是 : 无论我们在何处或正在做什么,我们都需要和伴侣以及家人始终保持联系.1) seem 似乎,似乎,其用法及搭配有：seem + adj.,女口：This problem seems complicated, but actually it is simple.这个问题看似复杂,其实很简洁.seem to doI seem to have see n him somewhere before.我似乎以前在哪儿见过他.It seems that ,It seems that everything is going on well.似乎一切正常.It seems as if.,It seems as if it going to rain.看来快要下雨了.2) no matter无论,不管,后面常跟疑问词引导的从句,其意相当于疑问词后加ever如 no matter what=whatever; no matter where=wherever; no matter可编辑资料