2022年高中英语状语从句用法详细解析 .docx

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1、精品_精品资料_高中英语状语从句用法具体解析一、 定义：在句中作状语的从句是状语从句, 修饰主句中的动词、 形容词或副词等.状语从句由从属连词引导,从属连词在句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用,状语从句放在句首时,要用逗号,放在句尾时不用.二、 分类依据意义上的不同,状语从句可分为：时间状语从句的点状语从句缘由状语从句目的状语从句条件状语从句结果状语从句让步状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句三、 时间状语从句一引导 时间状语从句的连词有： as, whenwhenever, before, after, as soon as, untiltill, since, every time, once.

2、二、 “as” as, when, while都有“当的时候”,可以互用When she was a child.While she was a child. She Lived in Paris. As she was a child.as 有“一边一边”的意思He sang as he walked.“when”When the clock struck twelve, all the lights went out.I was sleeping when she came in.动补When we arrived at the station, the train had left.“w

3、hile ” 主、从句动作或状态同时发生.用while 引导的从句用连续性动词,常表示较长的时间或一个过程.While we were having supper, all the lights went out. Please keep quiet while others are studying.While I was writing letters last night, he was watching TV.when, while并列连问. when和 while 都可用作并列连问,连接并列分句.When表示“就在的时候” , while意反而,可是,表示转折.可编辑资料 - - -

4、 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_One evening Beethoven was walking in a street, when he suddenly stopped outside a little house.并列连词引导并列句,意思是就在那时.三、主句是一般将来时,时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来,主句是过去将来时, 从句用一般过去时表示过去将来时, 主句是一般过去时, 从句用一般过去时.1. I ll call you when I get there.2. They said they would leave when they got the new.3. They left as

5、 soon as they got the new.Whenever 无论什么时候,随时1. Whenever someone throws in some rubbish, the truck produces a piece of music.每当有人扔进一些垃圾时,它汽车就放一段音乐.2. Whenever we re in trouble, they will help us.3. I go to the theatre, whenever I am free.4. Come and see me whenever you want to.你随时来看我.till和 until表示“直到

6、” 句首多用 until1、在确定句中表示“直到为止”,主句谓语动词要用连续性动词.I was waiting until/till he arrived.2、在否认句中表示“直到才”主句谓语动词常用终止性动词,这时until和 till常被 before替换.I didn t leave till/until she came back.since:主句用完成时,从句用一般过去时, since 引导的从句间或可用现在完成时.It is two years since I have studied English.1. We have known each other since we wer

7、e children.2. We have been friends ever since since we met at school.3. It is 一段时间 +since+ 一般过去时态句子.It is two years since my sister married. 一段时间 have/has passed since +一般过去时态句子Two sisters have/has passed since my sister married. Since+ 时间点可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1. I have been at home since three o

8、 clock this afternoon.2. Maria has been in China since two years ago.*every time, each time, next timeEvery time you get back at night,you drop your boots on the floor. Every time I catch cold, I have pain in my back.every time分写不行以合写 比较 everyday adj日常的,一般的every day是名词短语,每天,每天Next time I go there, I

9、 will visit them.* once一旦就Once you begin, you must go on.你一开了头,就应当连续下去.四、 的点状语从句的点状语从句用 where, wherever引导We should go where the people need us.我们应当去人民需要我们的的方.Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者,事竟成.Wherever they went, they received a worm welcome.无论他们走到哪儿都受到热闹欢送.She follow him whose he goes.他无

10、论到哪里她总跟着.五、 缘由状语从句缘由状语从句用 because 由于 , since 既然, as由于 引导1、 字母由多到少,语气由强到弱.2、 由 why提问必需用 because 答复.Since,as 不答复 why 的提问,而且从句一般放在句首, because 一般放在主句之后.3、 before of +名词Because of the rain, we didn t go to the park.4、 because和 so 不行连用,只能选其一.另有although, butWhy didn t he come to school. Because he was ill.

11、Since I must die, I must.既然我肯定要死,我肯定这样做.Since a lot of people make mistakes in life, Mr Smith wanted to give John a Chance.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_5、 for并列连词,不能放在句首,主要放在两个并列句之间.For 所供应的理由为一个补充说明,而且前面常有逗号隔开.The days we short, for it is December now.* 改错 Because he is illis the reason why he can t com

12、e.Because改为 that六、 目的状语从句目的状语从句用 so 常用于口语 , that, so that, in order that引导目的状语从句的谓语常含有 may, might, can, could, should, would等情态动词.1. We ll sit never to the front so we can hear better.2. He studied hard so that he might succeed.他努力学习,以便胜利.3. I ll speak slowly so that you can take notes.我渐渐讲,以便你们能做笔记

13、.4. They hurriedto thestationin order thatthey could catchthe train.他们赶忙赶往火车站,以便能赶上火车.5.I took a taxi so that I could get there earlier.6.I m going to the lecture early so that I may get a good seat.我准备早些去听讲座,以便找个好座位.七、 条件状语从句条件状语从句由 if, unless, so as long as只需 引导在条件状语从句中要用一般时表示将来时与时间状语从句相同We will m

14、iss the train if you don t hurry.He said we would miss the train if we didn t hurry.You willfailthe examunlessyou study hard.ifyou don t study hardHe won t come unless he is invited. if he isn t invitedEat lessfood unless you want to becomefatter.ifyou don t want to become betterAs long as you are n

15、ot afraid of difficulties, you are sure to succeed.As long as you don t lose heart, you will succeed.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_八、 结果状语从句结果状语从句由 suchthat, so.that, so that, that引导1. such that的常用句型such +a/an + 形容词+可数名词单数 +that such + 形容词+可数名词单数 +thatSuch+形容词+可数名词复数不行数名词 +that留意 so manymuch, few, little+

16、名词, such a lotof 或 lotsof+名词是惯用法,不行乱用.She is such a beautiful girl that we all like her.They were such beautiful flower that we bought home. It was such delicious food that they ate it up.2. so+ 形容词或副词 +thatso+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数 +thatHe is so rich that he can buy lot of things for himself. He works so

17、hard that he did everything well.It was so hot a day that we all went swimming.It was such a good day that we all went swimming.3. so that, that都可以引导结果状语从句He didn t study hard, so that he failed the exam.4. to oto, enough to可以引导结果状语从句与 sothat替换, sothat结构可以用 too to 替换必需具备两个条件, 一是主句和结果状语从句的主语必需一样, 二是从

18、句中的谓语部分必需含有 cancould not.She is young that she can t go to school. She is too young to go to school.She isn t old enough to go to school.九、 让步状语从句although, thougheven though = even if, whetheror however = no matter howwhatever = no matter what whoever = no matter who whenever = no matter when wherev

19、er = no matter where可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_*although和 though 都表示“虽然”只是 although更正式,多用于句首,而 though 用于句中,二者都可与yet, still连用,但不与 but 连用Although/Though they are poor, they often help others. They are poor, but they often help others.Although he has failed many times, he doesn t give up trying. Whatever/

20、No matter what you say, I won t believe you.No matter what you say, I don t care.No matter who you are, you must obey the rules of our school. However hard he tried, he failed again.No matter what the weather is like, you can always find surfersout riding the waves.十、 方式状语从句方式状语从句由 as 犹如,依据 ,as if t

21、hough引导*as 和 like都有“像”的意思, as 是连词,后面连接句子, like是介词后面可加名词、代词或名词性短语.I did the work as others did.相当于 I did like others.You must do as I do.as ifthough两者意义相同,从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气,但实现可能性较大,就用连接词.It seems as if/though it s going to rain.They are talking as if/though they were old friends. She treats me as if I we

22、re her brother.When you are in home, do as the Romans do.例 You must doI told you.A. after B. before C. where D. as DThe students must dothe teacher told them.A. as B. before C. after D. if A十一、比较状语从句比较状语从句由 asas, not assoas, than, the+比较级, the+ 比较级引导He swims as well as you. doHe doesn t swim as well

23、 as you do.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He got here earlier than you. did The busier he is, the happier he feels.英语语法状语从句类型综述状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语.一般可分为九大类,分别表示时间、的点、缘由、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式.尽管种类较多,但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相像,所以懂得和把握它并不难.状语从句的关键是要把握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特别的连接词即考点.现分别列举如下 :1 时间状语从句常用引导词： when, as, while, as soon

24、 as, while, before, after, since , till, until特别引导词： the minute, the moment, the second, everytime, the day,the instant, immediately , directly, no soonerthan, hardly when, scarcely whenI didnt realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking

25、.The children ran away from the orchard果园 the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain. Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.2 的点状语从句常用引导词： where特别引导词： wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factorie

26、s.Wherever you go, you should work hard. 3 缘由状语从句常用引导词： because, since, as, since可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_特别引导词： seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, inasmuch as, insomuch asMy friends dislike me because Im handsome and successful.Now that everybody has come

27、, lets begin our conference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, hisheight of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.4 目的状语从句常用引导词： so that, in order that特别引导词： lest, in case, for fear that,in the hope that,

28、for the purpose that, to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the studentsin the back could hear more clearly.5 结果状语从句常用引导词： so that, so that, such that,特别引导词： such that, to the degree that, to t

29、he extent that, to such a degree that,He got up so early that he caught the first bus.It s such a good chance that we must not miss it.To such an degree was he excited that he couldnt sleep last night.6 条件状语从句常用引导词： if, unless,特别引导词： as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in

30、case that, on condition that可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Well start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.7 让步状语从句常用引导词： though, although, even if, even though特别引导词： as 用在让步状语从句中必需要

31、倒装 ,while 一般用在句首 ,no matter , in spite of the fact that, while,whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal.尽管我很敬重他, 我却不同意他的建议.The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could no

32、t change her mind.He wont listen whatever you may say.8 比较状语从句常用引导词： as 同级比较 , than不同程度的比较 特别引导词： the more the more ; just as, so; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no more than; not A so much as BShe is as bad-tempered as her mother. The house is three times as big as ours.The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine.食物之于人,犹如油之于机器.9 方式状语从句常用引导词： as, as if, how特别引导词： the wayWhen in Rome, do as the Roman do. She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载