过去分词作状语的用法(8页).doc

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1、-过去分词作状语的用法-第 - 8 - 页过去分词作状语(The Past Participle used as Adverbial)一、过去分词作状语的一般用法 1. 过去分词作状语，可以表示时间，原因，条件，让步及伴随情况等。过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致，并且必须是被动关系。Asked how he broke into the room, he made no answer. （当有人问他怎么闯进屋里来，他一声不吭。）_When heated，water will be turned into steam. 水加热后会变成蒸汽。（表示时间） _Deeply moved

2、 by the film, we all cried. 由于被电影深深打动，我们都哭了。（表示原因）_Born into a poor family, he had no more than two years of schooling. 出生于贫苦家庭，他只上了两年学。_Given more help, we could have done the work better. 如果给我们的帮助多一些，我们本来能做的更好。（条件）_Though frightened by the big fire, he stood out bravely. 尽管害怕大火，可他还是勇敢地站了起来。（让步）_Th

3、e mother came in, followed by her son. 母亲回来了，儿子紧随其后。 （伴随状语）_He was walking up and down in the room, lost in thought. 他陷入沉思，在房间里踱来踱去。（方式状语）2. 其实今天我们要学的这种语言现象，以前我们是这样解释的：当表示时间、条件、方式、让步等状语从句的主语与句子主语一致或是it，且谓语动词含有be，则从主与be可省。分析：Once this novel is published, it will be popular. 一旦出版，这本小说将会很畅销。= Once publ

4、ished, this novel will be popular. When asked about his secret of success, he owed much of his success to his wife and children. = _ , he owed While watching Titanic, they couldnt help crying. =_ , they couldnt 复习了这一点之后，请你把以上第一点中的划线部分都改变成状语从句。3. 完成了对划线部分的变换，我们深深地感觉到过去分词与句子主语之间的_关系。作状语的过去分词与部分从属连词一起连

5、用，是为了让过去分词某种成分更加突出。Once seen, it can never be forgotten. 一旦被发现，它就永远不会被忘记。If bitten by a snake, you should send for a doctor and dont walk. 如果被蛇咬了，应该派人去请医生，不要走动。可见, 过去分词前面的连词只是起个强调作用。二、过去分词与V-ing作状语的区别1. 过去分词表示被动或完成的动作，V-ing表示主动或进行的动作。Seen from a distance, the mountain looked like an elephant. 从远处看，这

6、座山看起来想一头大象。Seeing the mountain, he always thinks of his childhood. 每当看到这座山，他总会想起他的童年。2. V-ing 的被动式表示正在进行的被动动作，过去分词表示完成的被动动作。Being helped by Professor Wu, Sara will learn Chinese well. 在吴教授的帮助下，萨拉将会学好汉语。Helped by Professor Wu, Sara has learnt Chinese well. 在吴教授的帮助下，萨拉的汉语已学得很好。3. V-ing 的被动完成式表示先于谓语动词发

7、生的动作，过去分词所表示的动作有时发生在谓语动词前，有时与谓语动词同时发生，有时表示未来的动作或状态。Having been given the right answer, the teacher asked me to sit down. 准确地回答了老师的问题，老师让我坐下。Given more time, we will finish the work in time. 如果多给的时间，我们就能及时完成这项任务。三、过去分词的独立主格结构过去分词做状语时，其逻辑主语一般情况下通常是句子的主语。但是，过去分词的逻辑主语若不是句子的主语时，通常会将逻辑主语保留。这种结构中过去分词带有自己的逻

8、辑主语。这种现象叫分词的独立结构。只用来做状语表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况。例如：The table set, they began to have lunch. 桌子摆好后，他们开始吃午饭。（表时间）All his money gone, he began to look for a job. 所有的钱用光了，他就开始找工作。（表原因）All things considered, the meeting had to be put off. 如果全面考虑，会议不得不推迟。（表条件）He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under h

9、is head. 他躺在草地上，头枕着双手。（表方式）He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.他满脸是汗地跑进屋里。（表伴随）四、重点提示过去分词的独立结构在较口语的问题中还可以用“with/without+名词/代词+过去分词”的结构代替，通常也是表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况等。例如：With the experiments carried out ,we started new studies.实验一做完，我们就开始心得研究。（表时间）With my sister gone, there was nobody to

10、help the old woman.我姐姐一走，就没有人帮助那位老大娘了。（表原因）The old gentleman was walking, with his arms folded across his chest. 那位老人在散步，双臂交叉放在胸前。（表方式）Henry left the classroom, without a word spoken. 亨利一句话也没有说就离开了教室。（表伴随）请你翻译一句： 他正靠墙站着，手交叉在脑后。 He was standing _ the wall, _ . 1. 【2004年全国卷，25】It shames me to say it,

11、but I told a lie when _ meeting by my boss. A. Questioning B. having questioned C. Questioned D. to be questioned2. 【2001年全国】 _ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. having slept 3. 【2004年辽宁，30】_ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to sp

12、end another two days on the farm. A. Attracting B. Attracted C. To be attracted D. Having attracted 4. 【2003年上海，39】 Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken5. 【2005年江苏，27】 _ in the mountains for a

13、 week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing 6. _（从顶部看），the new Olympic Stadium in Beijing will look wonderful like a birds nest. 7._(用鲜亮的颜色印刷)，the poster caught everybodys attention.8._(当被问到她的愿望时)，the little girl smiled. 9._(即使被邀请)，I

14、 wont go to her birthday party.10.He walked into the classroom,_(后面跟着几个学生).11. The English Romantic poets are greatly loved in China. （改为同义句）_ _in China are the English Romantic poets.12. Once it was published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line. (改为过去分词做状语)_ _ , his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line. 13. Given more time, me would be able to do the work much better. (改为状语从句)_ _ _ _ more time, we would be able to do the work much better.