定语从句学习课件绝对典范系列.ppt
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1、The Attributive Clause,定语从句,知识准备,什么是定语: 用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语、从句。 .,4.定语 修饰和限定名词和代词的词。通常由形容词,代词(多为形容词性物主代词),数词,介词短语,动词不定式,分词和从句(定语从句)来担当。 a kind girl, a book on the desk I have homework to finish. the fallen leaves the boy who is very smart,基本结构,He was holding onto a tree that grew against the wall.,主句: He
2、 was holding onto a tree. 从句:A tree grew against the wall.,还原,定语从句相当于一个形容词,跟在名词或代词后修饰该名词或代词。 1. 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 2. 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系代词:who, whom(作宾语成分), whose, that, which 关系副词:when(时间), where(地点),why(原因),名词/代词 + 定语从句,关系代词和关系副词的作用: 1、引导作用 2、替代作用 3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用 Eg: 1.Those who want to go please
3、should be ready. 2. Bill, who was my student , asked me questions.,关系词引导定语从句,同时指代先行词在 定语从句中充当的成分 所以先行词在定语从句中不再出现,也不用其他词代替,Bill is a boy who I teach him.,关系副词引导定语从句时,既引导定语从句,又在定语从句中充当状语。不能省略. 关系副词可转化为介词+关系代词结构。 1、When指时间,在定语从句中充当时间状语。 He told me the date when(on which) he joined the Party. 2、Where指地点
4、,在定语从句中充当地点状语。 This is the place where(in which) we lived ten years ago. 3、Why指原因,在定语从句中充当原因状语。 I know the reason why(for which) she was so angry.,1.This is the park (that )we visited last year. This is the park where we held a birthday party. 2.She wont forget the days (that )she spent on the islan
5、d. She wont forget the days when they stayed together.,关系副词when, where和关系代词that, which的区分。,同样是修饰一个地点,有时使用where,有时使用that/which;同样是修饰一个时间,有时使用when, 有时使用that/which。这主要看两点:一:先行词在从句中所作成分;二:是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词。,(1)This is the factory _ I visited last year. (2)This is the factory _ I worked last year. (3)
6、This is the factory _ produces all kinds of TV sets.,用关系副词和关系代词,where B. which C. whom D. whose 以上三个句子只有细微的差别,但答案却不同:做这种题时,要通过还原先行词,看先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分; 1)中是动宾关系,即I visited the factory.因此选which 2)中factory应在定语从句中作地点状语,即:I worked in the factory,因此选where。 3)中是作定语从句中的主语,即: the factory produces all kinds 不作
7、地点状语,因此选which,A,B,B,(1)Hangzhou is the place _ I went last summer. 2) He read the book _ his sister had told him about. 3) The reason _ Peter is so happy is that he passed the exam. 4) I remember the day _ my father died. I was only ten years old at that time. 5) Please give me the reason _ you were
8、 late this time. 6) I will go back to the place _ I grew up and live there forever.,Why/ for which,where,which/that/ x,When/on which,why,Where/in which,二.关系代词前介词的确定,1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系,请体会:,This is the car _which I bought last year.,This is the car _which I paid 100$. This is the car _which I spent 1
9、00$. This is the car _which I go to work every day. This is the car _ which I cant go to work. This is the car _which the old man was knocked down This is the car _which a boy threw a stone. This is the car _which we talked . This is the car _which the window was broken,/,for,on,in,without,by,at,abo
10、ut,of,2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配,如: e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms with which Im not familiar. 3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯,请体会: e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.,The book _ I heard was written 20 years ago. The people _ the man spoke werent listening. The film _ I fell asleep
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