英语阅读理解的训练与解读(词义延伸与标题归纳)(3页).doc

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1、-英语阅读理解的训练与解读(词义延伸与标题归纳)-第 3 页英语阅读理解的训练与解读（词义延伸与标题归纳）安徽省蚌埠二中-朱正军2002届蚌埠市二质检CColorados grays peak（山顶）rises 14278 feet above sea level high enough that trees cant grow toward the top though there are plenty of bushes and rocks. It was in this unforgiving area that Bev Wedelstedt was unlucky enough to

2、have her left knee broken. It was August 2018 and Wedelstedt 56 was on her way back down the path with three friends. A storm was coming and they were anxious to get off the mountain. When they approached a rocky drop of a couple of feet Wedelstedt decided to jump over it. She landed on her left leg

3、. Then she heard the snap（咔嚓声）.Every step after that was great pain. Before long she had to stop. As one friend ran down to get help a number of other hikers all strangers attempted to help Wedelstedt down the narrow path by walking on either side of her to support her weight but that proved slow an

4、d dangerous. Finally one hiker Matt asked her “How do you feel about a firemans carry?” Before she knew it he had lifted her over his shoulder. “Now Im not tiny” says Wedelstedt a former college basketball star. Matt clearly couldnt carry her all the way down by himself. So six hikers and one of her

5、 friends took turns carrying her while she tried to make light of a difficult situation. Three hours and two rock-strewn（遍布）miles later this human conveyor belt finally met the doctors who took Wedelstedt to the hospital.She has mostly recovered from her hike but Wedelstedt knows shell never shake o

6、ne thing from that day: the memory of the band of strangers who came to her rescue. “Im still in awe.” says Wedelstedt.28. What happened to Wedelstedt while climbing down the mountain?A. She was caught in a heavy storm.B. She injured her left knee.C. She was blocked by rocks and bushes.D. She got lo

7、st in the mountain.29. How did Matt help Wedelstedt? A. By taking her directly to the hospital.B. By calling in firemen. C. By carrying her down the mountain.D. By giving her first aid.30. What is Wedelstedts attitude towards the band of strangers? A. Respectful.B. Ambiguous.C. Sympathetic.D. Tolera

8、nt.31. What is the best title for the text? A. Narrow PathsB. Lifelong friendshipC. Dangerous HikesD. Peak Performance答案与解析28.B 细节理解。文章第一段和第二段的最后一句都给出了该题的答案。29.C 细节理解。文章第四段的第一句给出了该题的答案。30.A 推理判断。文章的最后一段可以看出Wedelstedts attitude，首先说shell never shake one thing from that day，即她永远都不会忘记，接着又说Im still in aw

9、e.，即我仍然心存敬畏。31.D 标题归纳。这是这篇阅读考查的经典所在，因此本篇阅读理解的训练与解读的重点也在此。归纳这个标题其实不难，只要采取“排除法”就可以了，但其中所牵扯到的阅读技巧值得关注。下面我们就来具体分析一下。一、语法的提示：选项中的A和C都用了名词的复数（Paths Hikes），文中的相关信息都说明涉及到的“路”和“登山”都是“一个”，所以这两个选项都不能是文章的标题。二、写作知识：标题归纳题往往可以采取“反推”的方式进行验证，即我们可以运用写作的相关知识，对所给的选项进行反推，也就是说假如我用Narrow Paths或Dangerous Hikes来写一篇文章，我该怎么写？

10、这是命题作文的重要环节即“审题”。以这两个标题为例，大家可以轻易地看出所写内容都不可能是本篇文章的内容，所以证明他们都不可能成为这篇文章的标题。三、文章细节：文章中提到的帮助Wedelstedt下山的人都是“陌生人”（all strangers）。当然“陌生人”是可以成为“朋友的”，这就是干扰所在，但文章的最后一段明确说出他们并没有成为朋友（the memory of the band of strangers who came to her rescue.），因此B项也就不可能是这篇文章的标题。四、词义延伸：上面三条提到的其实都是“排除法”，运用这一方法便可以得出文章的标题。但更为重要的是要验证选项D. Peak Performance为什么能作为这篇文章的标题，以确保万无一失。这里就牵扯到“词义延伸”的问题了。Performance 原意为表演，引申为表现、执行，本文用来表示“救援活动”；peak是考纲外的生词，所以文中加了注释“山顶”，引申为“巅峰状态的、极限的”，本文用来表示这次“极其艰难的而又极其感人的”的救援活动。这种词义延伸是英语中最为常见的依据构词法派生新意的一种方式，是词义猜测的重要手段。这个标题有人根据原文大意将其翻译成“一次难忘的登山之旅”，其本质就是讲述一次令人难忘的、极其艰难的“救助活动”，你认为还有更好的翻译方式吗？