中考英语完形填空专题讲稿.ppt

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1、关于中考英语完形填空专题第一页，讲稿共三十三页哦Free talkFree talkWhat do you think of cloze(完形填空）完形填空） ?Is it easy or hard for you?第二页，讲稿共三十三页哦K2 - the second highest mountain in the worldWhy climb? Because its there! I came, I saw, I conquered（征服）（征服）. (by Caesar)第三页，讲稿共三十三页哦一、完形填空题型分析解读一、完形填空题型分析解读第四页，讲稿共三十三页哦第五页，讲稿共三十三

2、页哦文化习俗文化习俗 科普知识科普知识 著名人物著名人物 幽默故事幽默故事日常生活日常生活人生百味人生百味完形填空的题材、文体分类完形填空的题材、文体分类题材题材文体文体记叙记叙 议论议论 说明说明 第六页，讲稿共三十三页哦 四人一组讨论四人一组讨论20132013年河南省中考英语完年河南省中考英语完形填空的形填空的题材、文体题材、文体和文章大意和文章大意，并说出每，并说出每小题的小题的答案答案及解题的及解题的思思路路。Task 1Task 1第七页，讲稿共三十三页哦20132013年河南省中考英语完形填空年河南省中考英语完形填空 King Akbar was in the habit of

3、putting riddles and puzzles to his people. He often asked 36 which were strange. His people had to use words in a 37 way to answer these questions. Once he asked a very strange question. He looked at his people. 38 he looked, one by one the heads began to hang low in search of an answer. It was at t

4、his moment that Birbal entered the palace. Birbal 39 the habit of the king. He understood the 40 at once and asked, May I know the question so that I can 41 for an answer? Akbar said, How many crows (乌鸦)are there in this city? 42 even a moments thought, Birbal replied There are fifty thousand five h

5、undred and eighty nine crows, my lord. How can you be so 43 ?” asked Akbar. Birbal said, Make you men 44 , My lord. If you find more crows it means some have come to visit their relatives(亲戚) here. If you find 45 crows it means some have gone to visit their relatives elsewhere. Akbar was pleased ver

6、y much by Birbals wise answer.第八页，讲稿共三十三页哦( ) 36. A. questions B. help C. promise D. advice ( ) 37. A. common B. friendly C. clever D. silent( ) 38. A. Though B. Because C. If D. As( ) 39. A. knew B. developed C. hated D. doubted( ) 40. A. order B. information C. danger D. situation( ) 41. A. ask B.

7、 wait C. try D. reach( ) 42. A. Before B. Without C. Through D. In( ) 43. A. smart B. brave C. fanny D. sure( ) 44. A. catch B. discuss C. count D. visit( ) 45. A. fewer B. larger C. faster D. older第九页，讲稿共三十三页哦 2013 2013河南省中考完形填空考点解析河南省中考完形填空考点解析 本题材为一篇幽默故事。题目设置上较注重对语篇整体理解能力和词义辨析的考查。本题材为一篇幽默故事。题目设置上

8、较注重对语篇整体理解能力和词义辨析的考查。根据语篇上下文的语意、逻辑和句法寻找线索，进行合理的推理和猜测，就能做出正确的根据语篇上下文的语意、逻辑和句法寻找线索，进行合理的推理和猜测，就能做出正确的选择。选择。3636A A【解析解析】考查考查名词意义辨析名词意义辨析。宾语宾语questionsquestions提示和动词提示和动词askask构成动宾关系构成动宾关系，表示，表示“问问题问问题”，由，由下一段下一段第一句可知第一句可知AkbarAkbar经常会经常会问奇怪的问题。问奇怪的问题。37. C37. C【解析解析】考查考查形容词意义辨析形容词意义辨析。前文前文had to had t

9、o “不得不不得不”，提示下文提示下文用形容词用形容词cleverclever表示表示“明智的；聪明的明智的；聪明的”。38.D38.D【解析解析】考查考查连词意义辨析连词意义辨析。下文下文“他的臣民们低下头寻找答案他的臣民们低下头寻找答案”可知前文是时间状语从句，用可知前文是时间状语从句，用asas引导时间状语从句表示引导时间状语从句表示“当当时候时候”。39.A39.A【解析解析】考查考查动词意义辨析动词意义辨析。根据下句根据下句“他立刻明白了当前的形势他立刻明白了当前的形势”可知上文是伯巴勒可知上文是伯巴勒“知道知道”国王猜谜的习惯。用动词国王猜谜的习惯。用动词knewknew表示表示“

10、知道；了解知道；了解”。40.D40.D【解析解析】考查考查名词意义辨析名词意义辨析。承接上文承接上文“他了解国王的习惯他了解国王的习惯”，说明他明白当时的，说明他明白当时的“形势形势”，用，用situationsituation表示表示“情况；形势情况；形势”。41.C41.C【解析解析】考查考查动词意义辨析动词意义辨析。动词动词trytry 和和forfor连用连用，try fortry for 表示表示“谋求；尝试谋求；尝试”，和，和answeranswer构成动宾关系，表示构成动宾关系，表示“寻找寻找一个答案一个答案”。42.B42.B【解析解析】考查考查介词意义辨析介词意义辨析。下文

11、下文他立刻说出了一个具体数字，和他立刻说出了一个具体数字，和eveneven“甚至甚至”的的提示提示意义说明上文是意义说明上文是“甚至没有经过片刻的思甚至没有经过片刻的思索索”，用介词，用介词withoutwithout表示表示“无；没有无；没有”，表示否定意义。，表示否定意义。43.D43.D【解析解析】考查考查形容词意义辨析形容词意义辨析。对于他说出的具体数字，。对于他说出的具体数字，根据常理推测根据常理推测，国王是询问，国王是询问“你如何能这么确信？你如何能这么确信？”be surebe sure表示表示“确信确信的；有把握的的；有把握的”。44.C44.C【解析解析】考查考查动词意义辨

12、析动词意义辨析。承接上文承接上文，伯巴勒回答国王的问题是，伯巴勒回答国王的问题是“让你的臣民们数一下让你的臣民们数一下”，用动词，用动词countcount表示表示“数数”，和上面，和上面的数字对应。的数字对应。45.A45.A【解析解析】考查考查形容词比较级意义辨析形容词比较级意义辨析。综合这两句话的意义。综合这两句话的意义“如果多了就是有来走亲戚的；如果少了，是去走亲戚了如果多了就是有来走亲戚的；如果少了，是去走亲戚了”可可以以推断推断空格处用空格处用fewerfewer，表示，表示“少少”这一意义，和上句的这一意义，和上句的moremore对应。对应。第十页，讲稿共三十三页哦二、完形填空

13、的解题方法和技巧二、完形填空的解题方法和技巧 尽管看起来形式上有残缺（若干个空），但它的尽管看起来形式上有残缺（若干个空），但它的内容内容和语言和语言习惯、习惯、句与句之间的衔接点、句子与段落之间的联系、段句与句之间的衔接点、句子与段落之间的联系、段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空题时，因此，在做完形填空题时，通读全文、明了大意、理清观通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次点、分清层次是十分重要的一步。我们必须自始至终是十分重要的一步。我们必须自始至终依托语依托语境境，注意上下文之间、词与词之间、从语法到意义的

14、合理注意上下文之间、词与词之间、从语法到意义的合理搭配搭配。 原则上讲完形填空的每一道题都原则上讲完形填空的每一道题都有暗示即有暗示即clues, clues, 有的在有的在本句中本句中，有的在前，称为，有的在前，称为前提示，前提示，有的在后，称为有的在后，称为后暗后暗示示, ,有的暗含于有的暗含于语篇中。语篇中。 第十一页，讲稿共三十三页哦 要充分利用首句的标示作用要充分利用首句的标示作用 第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解的作用，

15、是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。（文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,howwhen,where,who,what,how) ) 要注意尾句的提示和总结作用要注意尾句的提示和总结作用故事的结局故事的结局问题的结论问题的结论幽默或富有哲理的结尾幽默或富有哲理的结尾 留意文章中有中文注释的词留意文章中有中文注释的词有注释的词往往对理解短文和解题有帮助。有注释的词往往对理解短文和解题有帮助。Step 1 抓住首尾，了解短文抓住首尾，了解短文第十二页，讲稿共三十三页哦完形填空。完形填空。 共共205词词 推荐做题时间推荐做题时间 10分

16、钟分钟 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He s

17、aid. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排过量的课程安排) is

18、 a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will

19、 be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.第十三页，讲稿共三十三页哦可以推测：可以推测： 这篇文章是介绍青少年日常生活中过重课程安排，占用了孩子们大量的课余时间，成了这篇文章是介绍青少年日常生活中过重课程安排，占用了孩子们大量的课余时间，成了影响他们健康成长的社会问题，影响他们健康成长的社会问题，首句：首句： Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too m

20、any activities第三段首句第三段首句：“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.”中文注释：中文注释： an expert (专家专家)尾句：尾句： Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.撇开选项不谈，单从这些句子中，我们可以捕捉到如下信息：撇开选项不谈，单从这些句子中，我们可以捕捉到如下信息： （1 1）XiaoQiang XiaoQiang 是个是个1212岁中国男

21、孩。岁中国男孩。 （2 2）他有许多活动。）他有许多活动。 （3 3）专家认为过量的）专家认为过量的课程安排是个问题课程安排是个问题 。（4 4）孩子们需要时间休息。）孩子们需要时间休息。 第十四页，讲稿共三十三页哦Step 2 通读全文通读全文, 把握脉络把握脉络 Xiao Qiang， 通过跳过空格，通览全文，我们通过跳过空格，通览全文，我们明白了大意、理清了明白了大意、理清了观点、分清了层次。观点、分清了层次。 本文讲述了许多青少年学生在课余时间奔走于各种本文讲述了许多青少年学生在课余时间奔走于各种各样的各样的after school activities after school ac

22、tivities 的问题，专家呼吁的问题，专家呼吁Kids need time to relax.Kids need time to relax.第十五页，讲稿共三十三页哦 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too manyactivitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，an

23、d I have to do therest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” Hesaid. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have toomany activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said

24、that theywished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排过量的课程安排) is a growing problem forChinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kidsand their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fastfood 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We allknow it is impo

25、rtant for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.跳过空格通读短文：跳过空格通读短文：第十六页，讲稿共三十三页哦Step 3 瞻前顾后，上下求索瞻前顾后，上下求索 本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答案，并划出语篇标志和答题暗示。然后，再

26、结合选项逐一敲定。第十七页，讲稿共三十三页哦完形填空。完形填空。 （共共205词词 推荐做题时间推荐做题时间 10分钟）分钟） Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the res

27、t when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished th

28、ey had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids

29、 to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.平行结构平行结构1. A. take B. takes C. took D. has taken2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework3. A. riding B. flying C.

30、 walking D. driving第十八页，讲稿共三十三页哦完形填空。完形填空。 共共205词词 推荐做题时间推荐做题时间 10分钟分钟 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do

31、the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 46 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they w

32、ished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important

33、for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.前前提提示示后暗示后暗示1. A. take B. takes C. took D. has taken2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework3. A. riding

34、B. flying C. walking D. driving相同或相似结构相同或相似结构第十九页，讲稿共三十三页哦完形填空。完形填空。 共共205词词 推荐做题时间推荐做题时间 10分钟分钟 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when weare 3 to p

35、ractice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried,I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities todo.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof thechildren aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f

36、them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way tofootball practice or music lessons. We all k

37、now it is important for kids to learnhow to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learnwhen they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what isright for kids.因果关系因果关系表达心情的形容词表达心情的形容词应与表达心情的形容词匹配应与表达心情的形容词匹配后暗示后暗示4. A. but B. or C. because D. so5. A. excit

38、ed B. interested C. worried D. dangerous6. A. great timeB. full time C. right time D. free time第二十页，讲稿共三十三页哦完形填空。完形填空。 共共205词词 推荐做题时间推荐做题时间 10分钟分钟 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to pract

39、ice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13

40、 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 th

41、eir way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.后暗示后暗示平行结构平行结构 7. A. slowly B. quickly

42、C. quietly D. happily 8. A. on B. by C. in D. across 9. A. taller B. stronger C. older D. better10. A. hear B. think C. look D. tell固固定定搭搭配配结合句义推测结合句义推测固定搭配、语境固定搭配、语境第二十一页，讲稿共三十三页哦Step 4Step 4 再读文章，核查答案再读文章，核查答案 将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，争争取做到：取做到：结构正确结构正确+ +语义通顺语义通顺+ +逻辑合理逻辑合理。 第二十二页，讲稿共三十三页哦保留解题痕迹的卷面：保

43、留解题痕迹的卷面： Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.

44、” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排过量的课程

45、安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, i

46、t will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.后暗示后暗示平行结构平行结构固固定定搭搭配配结合句义推测结合句义推测固定搭配、语境固定搭配、语境前提示前提示后暗示后暗示平平行行结结构构第二十三页，讲稿共三十三页哦Step 4Step 4 再读文章，核查答案再读文章，核查答案 将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，争争取做到：取做到：结构正确结构正确+ +语义通顺语义通顺+ +逻辑合理逻辑合理。

47、 Now we have conquered K2.第二十四页，讲稿共三十三页哦具体解题步骤具体解题步骤1 1、抓住首尾，了解短文、抓住首尾，了解短文2 2、通读全文，把握脉络、通读全文，把握脉络3 3、瞻前顾后，上下求索、瞻前顾后，上下求索4 4、再读文章，核查答案、再读文章，核查答案勾划、研读勾划、研读首句尾句首句尾句以及有以及有中文注释的单词中文注释的单词, ,打开答题窗口打开答题窗口, ,了解全文。了解全文。跳过空格，跳过空格，速读全文速读全文，把握大意。注意文中，把握大意。注意文中的语篇标志，和句中的连词的语篇标志，和句中的连词, ,捕捉关键词汇。捕捉关键词汇。前后联系，先易后难。运

48、用解题策略从句子、前后联系，先易后难。运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，划出段落、语篇层面解题，划出语篇标志，找准关语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词键词、定位词。代入答案，再读全文，反复检查代入答案，再读全文，反复检查 争取做到：争取做到：结构结构正确正确+ +语义通顺语义通顺+ +逻辑合理逻辑合理。少于少于1分钟分钟约约5分钟分钟约约2分钟分钟约约2分钟分钟第二十五页，讲稿共三十三页哦 完形填空解题技巧口诀完形填空解题技巧口诀要想完形做得好，语篇理解最重要。要想完形做得好，语篇理解最重要。语义语用是考点，逻辑关系要判断。语义语用是考点，逻辑关系要判断。重首尾，看提示，平行结构要注意。重首尾

49、，看提示，平行结构要注意。依语法，找搭配，根据常识来选择。依语法，找搭配，根据常识来选择。做标志，找关键，先易后难看时间。做标志，找关键，先易后难看时间。按照步骤来做题，利用技巧闯难关。按照步骤来做题，利用技巧闯难关。第二十六页，讲稿共三十三页哦特别提示：特别提示：第二十七页，讲稿共三十三页哦三、解题误区1、单纯求快单纯求快忽略语篇理解忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。 正确的做法是正确的做法是在整体理解语篇的基础上结合语境选在整体理解语篇的基础上结合语境选择择。2 2、时间安排不当时

50、间安排不当，在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。 正确的做法是正确的做法是由易到难，合理分配时间由易到难，合理分配时间。第二十八页，讲稿共三十三页哦 Task 2Task 2 按照解题步骤，利用解题技巧两人小组按照解题步骤，利用解题技巧两人小组完成完成20142014年河南省中考模拟题，保留解题的年河南省中考模拟题，保留解题的痕迹。痕迹。 首、尾句及文章中心句：首、尾句及文章中心句： 关键词，提示词：关键词，提示词： 完形填空推荐圈点勾画符号：完形填空推荐圈点勾画符号： 第二十九页，讲稿共三十三页哦