简单句的5种基本类型.ppt

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1、简单句的五种基本类型,预备知识,Subject主语?,Predicate谓语?,Object宾语?,Predicative 表语?,Full Verb 实义行为 动词?,Link Verb 连系动词?,简单句（Simple Sentences） 就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子 -它的结构就是这么简单,所以才叫简单句的啊! 英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,只要把这些基本句型弄清楚,你就会游刃有余了,Practice makes perfect! -熟能生巧,按结构分 一个完整的简单句由 “主语部分+谓语部分”构成 The man is a teache

2、r. 主语部分 谓语部分 He works hard. 主语部分 谓语部分 He teaches English well. 主语部分 谓语部分,造句的关键就在于动词 一般而言,每个句子都应该有个动词( 除了省略句外 ),动词,连系动词 行为动词 助动词 情态动词,be (am is are was were) / seem / keep 是/好象(似乎)是/保持 look / feel / taste / smell / sound 看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去) become / turn / get / grow 变得,不及物动词 laugh / smile / look / list

3、en 及物动词 see / hear / drink / eat,be (am / is /are / was / were) do / does / did have / has / had will / shall / be going to,can / may / must / shall / need could / should / would / might have (has) to / had better,连系动词,be (am is are was were) / seem / keep /是/好象(似乎)是/保持 look / feel / taste / smell /

4、 sound / 看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去) become / turn / get / grow / 变得,表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态)。 由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。 和连系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说: 连系动词后面的就/才是表语!,He is a boy. She is a girl. They are students. They are good. He looks / seems ill. The apple tastes nice. Trees turn green. Your idea sounds good.,主语 连系

5、动词 表语,连系动词,主系表结构（SVP） = 主语+连系动词+表语,Mr. Li is a good teacher.,The movie is interesting/wonderful.,He feels hungry.,The flower looks beautiful.,主语Subject : 表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物” 。 也就是动作的发出者。 一般由名词、代词或相当于名词、代词的词或短语等充当。,谓语Predicate : 说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。 也就是做了什么行为动作或处于什么状态。 谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）用动词。,宾语Object

6、: 表示动作、行为的对象。 也就是动作的接受者。 一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。,狗 咬 人 。 主语 谓语 宾语,人 追 狗 。 主语 谓语 宾语,及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词: see / hear / drank / eat / I saw him last week. We heard the bad news yesterday. They eat bread every day. He drank a glass of milk just now. 不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词: laugh / smile / look / listen / She

7、 smiled happily. They laughed loudly. 如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助: She look at the blackboard carefully. He listened to his teacher in class. They laughed at us after the match.,什么是及物动词和不及物动词呢?!,The doctor listened carefully.,The worker ran fast.,The boy is fishing.,The girl dances well.,The duck is swimming.

8、,The woman walks slowly.,主谓结构（SV） = 主语+谓语动词,不及物动词,He likes basketball game.,He plays computer games every day.,He played soccer yesterday.,He is playing the guitar now.,及物动词,主谓宾结构（SVO） =主语+谓语+宾语,有些词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，那就要看意思上的区别了：,他们放风筝。 They fly the kites.,风筝在天上飞。 The kites fly in the sky.,He gave me a p

9、resent.,She teaches us. She teaches English.,She teaches us English.,She told me a story.,及物动词,主谓双宾结构（SVOiOd） =主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有 (A) buy / build / catch / cut choose / cook / find / get / keep / make / draw / do He bought me a new bike. 也可以改为for sb. 的句式 He bought a new bike for me. (B)

10、give / take / send / bring / teach / show / tell / pay / write / read / sell / lend / pass / return / throw / offer / hand She lent me a book. 也可以改为 to sb. 的句式 She lent a book to me.,主谓宾宾补结构（SVOC） =主语+谓语+宾语+宾语的补足语,He told me to clean my room.,I saw her dancing.,Our teacher asks us to read English ev

11、ery day.,及物动词,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有,let / make sb. do sth.,ask / tell / want / allow / wish / get / sb. to do sth. expect / encourage / invite / teach,find / see / hear / watch / notice / feel sb. do sth. sb. doing sth.,help sb. (to) do sth.,hope和welcome 比较特殊我们可以说: I hope to visit your school. I hope that

12、you can visit our school. I wish you to visit our school. Welcome to visit our school. You are welcome to visit our school. Welcome to our school. 但不可以说：I hope / welcome you to visit our school.,1 主系表型 She is a very good girl . (_语) (_词) (_语) The girl is very good. (_语) (_词) (_语) 2 主谓型 _式: They laug

13、hed. The kites fly in the sky. (_语) (_词) (_语) (_词) _式: I bought a new bike. He plays volleyball. (_语) (_词) (_语) (_语) (_词) (_语) _式: She told me a story. He gave me a good book. (_语) (_词) (_语) (_语) (_语) (_词) (_语) (_语) _式 He asked me to help him. He made me happy. (_语) (_词) (_语) (_语) (_语) (_词) (_语) (_语

14、),原来也蛮简单的哦!我来分析一下这些句子中所包含的成分,1 主系表型 She is a very good girl . (主语) (连系动词) (表语) The girl is very good. (主语) (连系动词) (表语) 2 主谓型 主谓式: They laughed. The kites fly in the sky. (主语) (谓语动词) (主语) (谓语动词) 主谓宾式: I bought a new bike. He plays volleyball. (主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) 主谓宾宾式: She told me a sto

15、ry. He gave me a good book. (主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (宾语) (主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (宾语) 主谓宾宾补式 He asked me to help him. He made me happy. (主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (宾语补足语) (主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (宾语补足语),keys,The boy is asleep.,The boy is sleeping.,主谓宾,主谓,The boy is playing the guitar.,His music is very beautiful.,It is beautiful

16、music.,主系表,He is playing happily.,判断这些句子的类型并 理解be动词的双重身份 （连系动词助动词）,第二部 专题句型 简单句和并列句,考点揭密 中考考点设置 典型例题解析 课时训练,考点揭密,(一)简单句 由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)所构成的句子叫简单句，其结构是主语+ 谓语。 ,中考考点设置,(二)并列句 由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句 常用的连词有and,but,or not only.but also,neither.nor,eithe

17、r.or (1)并列连词的选用。 (2)并列连词与从属连词的区别。 ,【例1】 John likes walking in the open air, . A.so does Tom B.also does Tom C.tom likes also D.so Tom does,典型例题解析,【例3】 There will be a volleyball match in our school, ? A.be there B.is there C.will there D.wont there,A,【例2】 Joke broke his leg，_? A.did he B.didnt he C.

18、do you D.dont you,B,D,【例4】 Neither he nor I_from Canada. We are from Australia.2002 山西 A.is B.are C.am D.be,典型例题解析,C,【例5】 There is a lot of_in the box 2002 吉林 A.cake B.bags of cakes C.milk D.bags of milk ,C,1.We cant live_water. A.with B.has C.havent D.without 2.We must hurry，_we will be late for sc

19、hool. A.and B.or C.but D.if 3._you_she are like English. A.Both.and B.Neither.nor C.Either.or D.Not only.but also 4.The number of the students_50. A.are B.am C.is D.have 5.He was tired,_he still went on working. A.and B.but C.or D.also,课时训练,(D),(B),(A),(C),(B),课时训练,6._Lily_Lucy can go with you. Beca

20、use one of them must look after their mother at home. A.Neither.nor B.Either.or C.Both.and D.No only.but also 7._is made of _. A.Glasses，glasses B.A glass，glass C.Glasses，glasses D.A glass，glasses 8.We are very tired,we should have_rest. A.half an hour B.an hour C.half a hours D.an hours 9.I heard h

21、er_in the next room. A.singing B.sang C.go sing D.sing,(B),(B),(A),(D),10.I usually have breakfast at home. _. A.So have I B.So do I C.I have so D.I do so 11.Open the door，_? A.will you B.wont you C.dont you D.do you 12.He found_interesting to learn English. A.it B.this C.that D.those,课时训练,(B),(B),(

22、A),13.You usually play football after school,dont you? _.But today I want to read English. A.Yes，I do B.No,I dont C.No,I dont D.No，I do 14._good weather it is today! A.How B.How a C.What D.What a 15.He hasnt finished the work yet,has he? _.He finished it yesterday. A.Yes,he has B.No,he hasnt C.Yes,h

23、e hasnt D.No,he has 16.Lets talk about the picture,_? A.will you B.wont you C.shall we D.shant we,课时训练,(A),(C),(A),(C),17.Its a beautiful day. _. A.so is it B.so it is C.so does it D.so it does 18.There is going to _a sports meeting next week. A.have B.has C.hold D.be 19.The weather in Beijing is wo

24、rse than _ in Nanjing. A.that B.those C.it D.this 25._TV is my mothers hobby. A.Watch B.Watching C.Seeing D.See,课时训练,B,D,A,B,句型转换 1.The mountain is very beautiful.(改为感叹句) _ _beautiful mountain it is! 2.How is the weather in China?(改为同义句) _the weather _in China. 3.The boy is the most careless in his

25、class.(改为同义句) The boy is _ _than _boy in his class. 4.He didnt watch TV，his mother didnt either.(改为同义句) _he _his mother watched TV. 5.I spent the whole afternoon learning English.(同上) I spent _ _ _learning English.,课时训练,What a,Whats,like,more careless,any other,Neither,nor,all the afternoon,6.I spen

26、t 100 yuan on the coat.(同上) I _100 yuan _the coat. I _100 yuan _the coat. The coat _me 100 yuan. 7.The visitors had a good time in Beijing.(同上) The visitors _ _in Beijing. 8.He will come back in a week.(对划线部分提问) _ _will he come back? 9.He has never been abroad.(改为反意疑问句) He has never been abroad，_ _? 10.Dont go alone.(改为反意疑问句) Dont go alone,_ _?,课时训练,paid,for,spent,buying,cost,enjoyed themselves,How soon,has he,will you,See you next time!,