陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句讲解与练习(11页).doc

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1、-陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句讲解与练习-第 11 页陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句讲解与练习一、 陈述句 陈述句就是叙述一件事情后者表达一种看法的句子。陈述句的分类陈述句可以分为肯定式和否定式两种。1. 肯定式第一种：主语+谓语+其他，如Lucy likes playing sports.I am singing.My father went to Beijing last week.She can ride the bike.第二种：主语+系动词+表语，如：This room is empty.We are good friends .2. 否定式陈述句的否定式有以下三种：第一种就是Be

2、动词加，后面not 构成否定句。如：lisa is not a studentThere were not at school yesterday. 第二种就是实义动词，而且没有情态动词或助动时，要用“do/dose/did +not 构成否定。如：I dont like music.The farmer did not want to feed the rabbit.第三种：谓语动词为“助动词、情态动词+实义动词”时，要用“助动词/情态动词+not” 构成否定。如：I am not going to play computer games.Harry must not go to schoo

3、l at night.We can not go hiking with you this weekend.二、 疑问句分为四种：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反义疑问句。1. 一般疑问句通常以be ,have ,助动词或情态动词开头，回答时用Yes, No, 朗读时要用升调。2. 特殊疑问句是对句子某一部分的疑问句。特殊疑问句的句式是：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。疑问词有who, whom , whose , what, when, why , where ,how 等。如：who is our classmate? What does Kate do on Sundays?Whose c

4、at is it ? which bag will they buy? When did he go out ? Why dont we go together?Where were you last night ? How are you today?3. 选择疑问句的结构是提供两种或两种以上的情况，供对方进行选择回答的句子。选择疑问句的句式是：一般疑问句+or +可选择部分。如：are the apples red or green ?选择疑问句的特殊疑问句式是：特殊疑问句+or+可选择部分。如： which girl is taller ,Sally or Jessica? 选择疑问句的

5、回答和特殊疑问句一样，不能用yes 或no ，要根据实际情况回答。朗读时，选择疑问句在or 前面的部分要用升调，句末要读降调。4. 反义疑问句的句式有两种，一种是：肯定句陈述句+否定结构的反意疑问句是在陈述句的后面，对陈述句所说的实施或看法提出疑问的句子。附加疑问句。如： you know him ,dont you ? 另一种是： 否定陈述句+肯定结构的附加疑问句。如：Sandy cant speaking English ,can he?反义疑问句也要用yes 或No来回答。如果陈述句部分的内容是事实，就用yes 回答，后面相应的用肯定结构；如果陈述句部分的内容不是事实，就用no 来回答，

6、后面跟否定结构。在翻译时要注意yes 和no的意思。如：you know him ,dont you? Yes ,I do . (是，我认识。) No， I dont ( 不，我不认识)Sandy cant speak English ,can he ? Yes ,he can . (不，他会。) No， he cant.(是的，他不会。)在朗读时，陈述句部分用降调，附加疑问可以升也可以降。三、祈使句1.什么是祈使句 用来表示请示、命令、劝告、建议等的句子叫做祈使句。如：Sit down, please. Be careful!2.祈使句的分类 根据用途和功能，祈使句可以分为以下几类 表请求。

7、如： Close the window , please. 表命令。如 Stop talking! 表提醒或警告。如： Look out !The car is coming. 表邀请。如： Help yourself to some fish. 表示禁止。如：Dont spit ! No parking!四、感叹句的结构小学阶段的感叹句主要有how 和what 引导两种。1.How感叹句的结构：how +形容词/副词+主语+谓语，如：how nice the boots are!2.what 感叹句的结构：What +a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语，如：what a prett

8、y girl she is ! 但是如果是可数名词复数或不可数名词，就可以去掉句中的a/an. 如：What expensive pens these are ! What pleasant weather it is!巩固练习基础题( )1. Where is the man? A. Under the tree B. At 10:00 C. Read a book D. My mother( )2. How do you go to school? A. At 8:00 B. I C. Today D. By bike( )3. What he? A. Working B. His fat

9、her C. At home D. A teacher.( )4. What time do you get up every day? A. At home B. He C. Clean my bedroom D. At 7:00( )5. What _ she do this morning? A. is B. does C. do D. did( )6. How _ you do? A. are B. is C. do D. did ( )7. Which is better, the red one _ the blue one? A. and B. or C. but D. so(

10、)8. _ are you? Wonderful! A. How B. What C. Who D. Where ( )9. _ is it today? Its Monday. A. What date B. What day C. What time D. What language( )10. _ shall we go? In the moring. A. When B. Who C. Where D. How ( )11. Excuse me ,can you tell me _ to get to the No. 1 Middle School?A. where B. which

11、C. why D. how( )12._ got the 100th gold metal in the Olympics for China? - Zhang Yining .A. Who B. What C. When D. Where( )13_ are you talking about?We are talking about the Asia Games in Guangzhou.A. What B. Where C. Why D. How( )14._ do you visit your uncle?- once a week.A. How long B. How many C.

12、 How often D. How soon( ) 15. Excuse me! _ is the nearest bookshop?Go down the street and turn left at the second corner? A. how B. what C. where D. who( ) 16. _ is a ticker for the film Hacker He? About forty yuan . A. How old B. How many C. How much D. How often( ) 17. _ are you going? Im going to

13、 the library. A. Who B. Which C. What D. Where ( )1 8. _? Its eight. A. What day is it B. Whats five and three C. How old are you D. Whats your telephone number ( )1 9. _ shall we meet in the park? What about half past eight?A. What B. When C. Where D. Which( ) 20. _ a year does your school have spo

14、rts meetings? Twice a year. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How many times提高题( )1. _ are you going to be in the future? I want to be a person _ Yang Liwei. A. How, like B. How, as C. What, like D. What, as( )2._ will your father be back? .A. How long B. how often C. How soon D. How wide( )3.

15、 -_sweater is this?-I think its Peters.A. Who B. What C. Which D. Whose ( )4. -_is the Confucian Temple(孔庙) from here?-Its about 10 minuters walk.A. How many B. How long C. How much D. How far ( )5. -_may I keep these book?-two weeks.A. How often B. How far C. How long D. How soon( )6. -_is it from

16、here to Yancheng Railway Station?-About two kilometers.A. How often B. How far C. How soon D. How long ( )7. -_will the foreign students be back from NanJing.-In two days, I think .A. How soon B. How often C. How far D. How fast( )8. -_?-The one behind the tree.A. Whose girl B. Whos that girl C. Whi

17、ch girl D. Wheres the girl( )9. _the population of china? A. How many B. What C. Hows D. Whats( )10. _ is she? A. Whom B. Who C. Which D. When( )11. _ is the best, Tom, Jack or Tim? A. Which B. Who C. Whom D. What( )12 ._ milk do you need?- Three cups.A. How many B. How much C. What D. Where( ) 13.

18、_? Ive got a headache and a cough. A. Whats your trouble? B. Whats wrong with it?C. Can I help you? D. How are you?( ) 14. _ tea did you have? Two cups. A. How many B. How much C. How soon D. Which ( )15. _? Behind the tree. A. Whose girl B. Whos that girl C. Which girl D. Wheres the girl ( )1. _ th

19、e price of the pen? Its two yuan. A. What B. How C. whats D. Whats( )2. Whose room is this? A. He B. him C. theirs D. they( )3. Where _ you just now? A. was B. are C. do D. were( )4. Who _ best in his class? A. dance B. dancing C. dances D is dance( )5. How many _ are there? A. peoples B. people C.

20、sheeps D. meat( )6. Could you tell me, how _ to the bank? A. go B. goes C. went D. to go ( )7. _ the weather like? A. What B. How C. Hows D. Whats( )8. How much _ the pen? A. does B. are C. is D. am( )9. _ are you going to have dinner tonight? A. Who B. Where C. When D. What ( )10. -_ do you go to H

21、ong Kong?-sorry , Ive never been there.A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How soon 对划线部分提问1. My mother goes to work by bike. _ _ your mother _ to work? 2. There are six kites in the sky. _ _ _ are there in the sky? 3. Classes begin at eight. _ _ _classes _? 4. Its Sunday today. _ _ is it today?

22、5. The cats are running up the tree. _ are the cats _? 6. He would like five cakes. _ _ _ would he like? 7. They play football every Friday. _ _ _they play football?8. Allan will go back to England by plane next month. _ _ Allan go back to England next month?9He often has lunch in the factory _ _ he

23、 often _ lunch？ 10I got up at six this morning _ _ _you _ up this morning ？ 11They were drawing a horse when I came in _ _they _when I came in ？ 12. Tom comes from Greece. _ _ Tom _ _?13I didnt go to school because I had a bad cold _ _ you go to school？ 14He comes to China once a year _ _ he _ to Ch

24、ina？15. Ted put his bag in the desk. _ _ Ted _ in the desk?16. He is 12 years old. _ _ is he?17. I am fine. _ are you?18. They had dinner at home yesterday. _ _ they _ dinner yesterday?19. She is going to be a nurse in the future._ is she going to _in the future?20. Its ten minutes walk from my home to the school._ _is it from your home to the school?