2022年高考常用于考时态的十大句型固定搭配和情态动词 .docx

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1、精品_精品资料_常用于考时态的十大句型常考固定搭配情态动词的用法1、sb was doing sth when 某人正在干某事这时 I was thinkingabout my new plan whan a good idea occurred to me. 我正在考虑我的新方案, 这时一个好想法出现出来.说明：在这个句中,主句的谓语动词通常是连续性动词,从句的失态用一般过去时, when 翻译成“这时”.2、sb wasjust about to do sth when ,某人刚要干某事这时 They were just about to set out when it began to

2、rain. 他们刚要动身,这时下起雨来了.说明：在这个句型中, be just about to do 可以换成 sb was/were on thepoint of doing sth when, when 翻译成“这时”.3、sb had just done when 某人刚干完某事这时 I had just lain down when the telephone rang. 我刚躺下,这时铃响了.说明：在这个句型中, just 用于加强语气,也可以不要, when 翻译成“这时”.4、it is the first/last time that sb has/havedone 某人第几

3、次干某事 It is the second time that we have visited your可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_firm. 我们是其次次参观你们的公司.说明：在“某人第几次干某事”这个句中,that 之后的时态要用现在完成时,假如主句是 it was ,从句时态随之换成过去完成时.例如：It was the third time that we had seen this film star.我们是第三次观察这个电影明星.5、Hardly had sb done when sb did 某人刚刚干完某事这时 .Hardlyhad they arrived

4、 at the airport when they received a warm welcome.他们一到机场就受到了热闹欢迎.说明：此句型完全可以换成用on sooner than,在这个句型中,一是由于否认词 hardly/no 在句首,主谓的次序要到装.二是hardly/no sooner 后的时态必需使用过去完成时, when/than 之后的时态要用一般过去时.6、it is/has been some time since sb did 某人干完某事已多长时间It is /has been twenty years since my father joined the Party

5、.我爸入党已经 20 年了.说明：在这个句中,假如主句是it was,那么 since 的时态就要变成过去完成时,这叫做主句和从句的时态“同退一步” .7、It will be some time before sb do/does 过了多长时间再做某事It will be three months before we meet again. 再可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_过 3 个月我们才能再见面.说明：这个句中也可以换成用it was before sb did,例如：it was threeminutes before the boy got dressed过. 了三

6、分钟男孩才穿衣服.8、If sb don t/doesnt do sth,nor will sb. 假如某人不 某人也不If you don t go there,nor will I. 假如你不去那儿,我也将不去.说明：在这个句型中要特殊留意时态,主句的时态用一般将来时, if 引导的从句用一般现在时. 常见的错误是： If you don t go there,nor do I.9、sb did before sb did/could do 某人仍将来得及干,另一件事发生了The boy rushed out before I realized what was happening.我仍没

7、有意识到发生了什么事,那男孩就冲出去了.说明： 在这个句型中,尽管 before 连接的两个动作有先后关系,但发生在先的动作并没有使用过去完成时. 在英语中, 假如两个以上的动作接连发生,这时都用一般过去时.10、I don t know when she will come. 我不知道她什么时候来.I have no idea when the meeting will begin. 我不知道会议什么时候开头.说明： 英语中的时间状语从句和条件状语从句不能使用将来时态,但并非由此推论任何从句都不能使用将来时态.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_常考固定搭配1、常接 -ing 的

8、动词、形容词或短语Appreciate 感谢.avoid 防止.escape躲避 .enjoy 喜爱. admit 承认. delay/put off/postpone 推迟. advocate 提倡.imagine 设想. fancy 想象, 喜爱. suggest 建议. finish 终止. complete 完成. mind介意. risk 冒险.miss 错过. practise 实践.deny 否认. keep/keep on 连续. cant help/resist 禁不住.stand 忍耐. be busy 忙于. be worth 值得. look forward to 希望

9、.feel like 情愿.give up 舍弃.get down to 着手.insist on 坚持.stick to 坚持.devote to 贡献. jave difficulty/trouble in 干某事有困难 . be used to 习惯. have a good/wonderful time in玩得很好2、常接不定式的动词decide 打算. determine to do=be determined to do 打算.learn 学会.want 想要.hope 期望.expect 期望.wish 愿望 .refuse 拒绝.manage设法.pretend 假装.off

10、er 情愿.promise 承诺.choose 挑选.plan 方案. agree 同意. afford 负担得起 . attempt 试图. prepare 预备 .require 要求 .care 想要.prefer 宁愿. ask 恳求. beg 恳求. long 期望3、常接“疑问词 +不定式”的动词或短语可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_有些动词之后接“ how,what,whether,where,when,who 等疑问词+动词不定式”,如：I dont know what to do.=I don t know how to do it.= I don t kno

11、w what I should do.= I don t know how I should do it. 我不知道怎么办.这类动词或短语常用的有：tell 告知. consider 考虑. show 展现. understand懂得.explain 说明.teach 教诲.learn 明白.advise 建议. discuss 争论. wonder 想知道. find out 弄清4、接不定式和 -ing 意思不同的动词1stop doing sth 停止在干的事. stop to do sth 停下来干另外的事2try to do sth 设法干某事 .try doing sth 试着干某

12、事3go on to do sth 连续干另外的事 .go on doing连续干同一件事4mean to do=plan to do 方案干 .mean doing意味着5consider to do 认为. consider doing 考虑去做6remember to do 记住要干仍没干.remember可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_doing 记得干过已干7forget to do 遗忘了要干仍没干.forget doing遗忘了干过已干 8 regret tosay/tell遗 憾的 告知 某人. regret doing/having done 后悔干过9lik

13、e to do sth 某一次喜爱干某事. like doing sth平常喜爱干某事10want to do sth.想要干某事. want doing 某事需要干11need to do 有必要干某事.need doing=want doing 某事需要干12require sb to do 要求某人干.require doing=need doing=want doing 某事需要干13cant help to do 不能帮忙干 .cant help doing sth 禁不住干某事但： continue to do=continue doing 连续. intend to do=int

14、end doing 准备干5.其它常考的一些固定搭配1advise sb to do= advise doing 建议干2allow sb to do= allow doing答应干3premit sb to do= premit doing 答应干4 forbid sb to do/ forbid doing禁止干5have.done 让别人做自己不做.have doing可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_让 连续下去后接连续性动词6have sb do=make sb do使某人干7get done 让 干成. get doing 使 动起来. get done状态变化 .

15、get sb to do 请某人干8make sb do 使某人干 . make oneself done使成 状态“情态动词 +have done”表估计一览表情态动词 + have done用法例句must have done肯定已经做了Theymusthavefinishedtheirwork.cant have done不行能已经做了They cant have finished their work可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_could have done可能已经做了或原来可能做但未做You could have used my computer because

16、I didnt use it.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_may have done或许已经做了They may have finished their work.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_might have done或许已经做了或原来可以做但未做You might have used my computerbecause I didnt use it.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Should/ought to have done原来该做但未做You Should have stud

17、ied hard.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_need not have done原来不必做但做了You need not have gone out.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_wouldratherhave done过去 宁愿做但 未做I would rather not have gone there.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_wouldliketohave 过去想做但未做I would like to have seen the film.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_donehad better have

18、 done当时最好做了某事Yout better have gone there.“情态动词 +be doing ”表估计一览表情态动词 + be doing用法例句must be doing肯定正在做They must be watching TV now.cant be doing不行能正在做They cant be watching TV now.May/might be doing或许正在做They may be watching TV now.口诀：“情动”加上 have done,估计事情已经干. “情动”加上 be doing,估计事情在进行.条件状语从句中的虚拟语气：条件句分为

19、真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种,真实条件句用陈述语气, 虚拟条件句用虚拟语气.虚拟条件句是虚拟语气的重点虚拟条件句关键是要娴熟把握以下三大公式：三个相反从句主句与现在事实相反If sb did/were Sb would/should/could/might do与过去事实相反If sb had doneSb would/should/could/mighthavedone/have been可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_与将来事实相反If sb did/were If sb were to do If sb should do Sb would/should/could/mig

20、ht do可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1、宾语从句中的虚拟语气：有三种情形.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_一是在动词 insist坚持,order 命令,command命令,suggest建议,advise建议.Recommend建议,举荐,require要求,request恳求,demand要求,desire要求,愿望,等动词后面的宾语从句中一般用虚拟语气,其结构为 “主语+should+动词原形”,其中 should 可以省略.把以上 10 个动词简称为 ：一个“坚持”,两个“命令”,三个“建议”,四个“要求”.二是动词 wish 之后接宾语从句肯定要

21、用虚拟语气.从句的时态是：1、与过去事实相反用 had done/had been,2、与现在事实相反用 did 或 were,3、与将来事实相反用“would/might/could/should+ 动词原形”.留意： wish 在简洁句中并非表示的是虚拟语气,如：wish you可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_success祝.你胜利.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_三是在 would rather 的宾语从句中,也要使用虚拟语气,其从句中谓语动词的时态用一般过去时.如： I would rather you didnt hear what I said.

22、我宁愿你没有听到我说的话.2、主语从句中的虚拟语气少数“it is+形容词 +that+主语+should+动词原形”, 其中should同 样 可 以 省 略 . 常 见 形 容 词 有 ： important,necessary,strange,unusual,curious,remarkable,surpri sing,desirable,natural等.3、定语从句中的虚拟语气可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_“it ishigh/about time that+ 主语+动词的过去式, 或者是“should+动词原形”.Time 是先行词 ,that 是引导词 ,其意思

23、是“早该做什么事了”如： 1、It is high time that you went to school.=it is high可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_time that you should go to school你.该上学了.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2、It is about time that you picked up your daughter at school.= Itis about timethat you should pickup your可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_daughter at scho

24、ol你.该去学校接你女儿了.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_熟 练 把握强调 句型 ： 句 型结 构是： itis/was+被 强调部 分+that/who+句子原有部分 .在强调句型中,强调人时,一般用who,也可用 that,但强调时间,的点等时只能用 that,不能用 when,where 等.1、 强调主语2、 强调的点状语3、 强调时间状语4、 强调宾语.not until 的三大句型：例：妈妈回家之后我才睡觉.正常 I did not go to bed until my mother come back home.强调 It was not until my mo

25、ther came back home that I went to bed.倒装 Not until my mother came back home did I go to bed.怎样识别 not until 是强调句仍是倒装句了？很简洁,假如否认词 not 在句首,就是倒装句,假如 it 在句首,就是强调句.it 的 10 大句型可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1、It was for the first time thatI wrote to a foreign pen friend. 这的确是我第一次给一个外国笔友写信.这是强调句型.复原为：I wrote to a

26、 foreign pen friend for the first time.2、It is the first time that I have written to a foreign pen friend. 这是我第一次给一个外国笔友写信这是定语从句, that 之后的时态要用现在完成时态.3、It was eight when the class began8.点钟开头上课.这是时间状语从句,强调句型：It was at eight that the class began.4、It is possible that I will enter this key university.我

27、上这所重点高校是可能的.这是主语从句. It 是形式主语. that I will enter this key university是真正主语.复原成：That I will enter this key university is possible.5、It is/has been three years since he got marrie他d.结婚成家已经三年了.It is/has been some time since sb did短暂性动词 sth.意为“自从某人干某事已经有多长时间”例如：It is/has been three years since he worked h

28、er他e.不在这儿工作已经三年了.6、It will be one year before she finishes middle school再.有一年时间她就中学毕业了.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_It is/was/ will be some time before 意为“过多长时间后再干什么”.7、It is high time we went to school.我们上学的时间到了.这时定语从句,在 It ishightime that句型中 ,that 之后谓语动词的时态要用一般过去时或 “should+动词原形”,属于虚拟语气.8、It is said tha

29、t a new factory willbe built nearby my hometown.据说一家新工厂将见在我家乡邻近.这时主语从句.itis+过去分词 +that.类似的句型仍有：Itis reported that/ It is known that/ Itis thought that/ Itis可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_suggested that等./ It is believed that / It is hoped that 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_9、It looks as if it is going to snow.看起

30、来要下雪了.这时表语从句,类似的句型仍有：Itseems to sb that/ Itsohappened that / It appears to sb that=as if 等.10 、 Itis necessary that we should master a foreign language.我们把握一门外语是必需的.这是主语从句,在“ It is+ 少数形容词 +that sb should do ”这种句型中, it 同样是形式主语,that 之后从句的谓语动词是“should+动词原形”,其中 should 可以省略.这样的形容词有 necessary/important/un

31、usual/strange/natura等l .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_情态动词 +have done 表估计1、 must have done 肯定已经做了.They must have finished their work.2、Can have done.可能已经做了.Cant have done.不行能已经做了.They can have finished homework so quickly. They cann have finished homework so quickly.They can have gone to bed since the doo

32、r is closed.门关着,他们可能已经睡着了.3、Could have done.可能已经做过.Couldn t have done. 不行能已经做过.You could have used my computer because I didn t use it. you couldn t have used my computer.Could have done 的虚拟语气,表原来会做而未做.含批评,遗憾的语气.It was so fine yesterday,you could have come out for a walk.昨每天气好 ,你原来可以出来散漫步的.4、would h

33、ave done.表示虚拟,原来完全可以做,而没有做.I would have come to help you with the work yesterday but I was too busy.昨天我本想帮你做工作的,但我太忙了.5、should have done.表示虚拟,本应当做 .should=ouqht toShouldn t have done.本不应当做.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He shouldn t have swum in the lake alone. 他本不应当单独一人在湖里游泳.6、neednt have done.表示虚拟语气.原来不必

34、做, “多此一举”You neednt have watered the flowers. 多此一举7、will /shall have done. 表示将来完成时,不表示估计,也不表示虚拟.8、 may have done.或许已经做了.They may have finish homework. You may have read the book.9、 might have done.或许已经做过,或原来做但未做.They might have won the match. 他们原来可以赢得这场竞赛.I might have passed the exam.我原来可以通过考试.10、ne

35、ednt have done.原来不必做但做了.You need not have gone out.你不必出去.11、would rather have done. 过去宁愿做但未做.I would rather not have gone there. 我宁愿没有去过哪儿.12、would like to have done. 过去想做但未做.I would like to have seen the film. 我过去想看场电影.13、had better have done.当时最好做了某事.Youd better have gone there.你当时最好去哪儿.情态动词 +be going. 表估计：Must be doing. 肯定正在做They must be watching TV nowCant be doing.不行能正在做They cant be watching TV now可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_May/might be doing. 或许正在做They may be watching TV now可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载