2022年高考英语十六种时态精讲及练习题附答案 .docx
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1、精品_精品资料_高考英语十六种时态及练习题时态一般时进行时完成时完成进行时现在1study5be studying9have studied13have studyingbeen过去2studied6be studying10had studied14hadbeenstudying将来3will7willbe11willhave15willhavebeenstudystudyingstudiedstudying过去将来4would8wouldbe12wouldhave16wouldhavebeenstudystudyingstudiedstudying1 一般现在时的用法1) 常常性或习惯性的
2、动作, 常与表示频率的时间状语连用.时间状语:every , sometimes, at , on SundayI leave home for school at 7 every morning.2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实.The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.3) 现在时刻的状态、才能、性格、个性.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.2 一般过去时的用法1在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态.时间状语有: yest
3、erday, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982yesterday morning afternoon, evening last night week, month, year ,a moment ago , a week ago, three years agojust now, 等.Where did you go just now.2) 表示过去习惯性动作.特殊是由would/ used to do 表达的句型,本身表示的就是过去时.例: The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and l
4、ook at others for hours without doinganything or talking to anybody. 老人过去常常坐在安静的公园里的一条长椅上,看着其他的人,一坐就是数个小时,什么也不干,也不和任何人交谈.He used to visit his mother once a week. 他以前总是每周探望一次他的母亲.3) 有时可代替一般现在时, 表达一种动听、 客气、礼貌、商议的语气. 情态动词 could, would.例: I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car.我想向您借车用一用,可以吗?Woul
5、d you mind my sitting here. 您介意我坐在这里吗?现在完成时与一般过去时的区分现在完成时表示的是与现在有关联的过去大事.而一般过去时就与现在毫无关系,只是单纯的过去的情形.比较:I have lost my pen, so I have to buy one.我丢了钢笔,所以得去买一枝.I lost my pen, but found it later.我丢了钢笔,但后来找到了.当句子中有表示明确过去的状语时,只能用一般过去时,不能用现在完成时.如: 他一周以前动身去了纽约.误: He has left for New York a week ago.正: He le
6、ft for New York a week ago.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_另外,当句首为疑问词when 时,其后可用一般过去时,不能用现在完成时.如: 你什么时候和他首次见面的.误: When have you first met him.正: When did you first meet him.3 一般将来时一、意义: 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来常常或重复发生的动作.时间标志: tomorrow , soon ,next Monday ,next year , next weekend , this afternoon , thise
7、vening 二. 构成及变化:一般将来常常用的两种结构be going to+ 动词原形 : 表示准备、预备做的事或即将发生或确定要发生的事.shall/will+ 动词原形 : 表示将要发生的动作或情形,没有太多的方案性, 仍用来表示意愿He s going to New York next week. 下周他要去纽约 . It will rain tonight.一般现在时表将来1以下动词: come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return 的一般现在时表将来.这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或支配好的事情.The train leaves at s
8、ix tomorrow morning. When does the bus star. It stars in ten minutes.2倒装句,表示动作正在进行,如:Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.3在时间或条件句中.When Bill comes 不是 will come, ask him to wait for me. Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there.4在动词 hope, take care tha
9、t, make sure that 等后.I hope they have a nice time next week.Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.4.过去将来时 would do概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中.时间状语: the next daymorning, year,the following monthweek,etc.一“ would+ 动词原形”.常表示按方案或支配即将发生的事.例如He said he would come to see me.他说他要来
10、看我.He told me he would go to Beijing.他告知我他将去北京.二“ was/ were+going to+ 动词原形”.常可用来表示按方案或支配即将发生的事.例如:She said she was going to start off at once.她说她将立刻动身.I was told that he was going to return home.有人告知我他预备回家.此结构仍可表示依据当时情形判定有可能但不肯定会发生某事.例如:可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_It seemed as if it was going to rain.看来
11、好像要下雨.三 come, go, leave, arrive , start 等动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时.例如:He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.他说火车将于其次天早晨六点离开.She told me she was coming to see me. 她告知我她要来看我.1- The plane is leaving right now, but Jim hasnt arrived yet.- Well, he said hehere on time.A cameB would comeC can beD w
12、ill be2 As soon as the baby saw her mother, she.A was going to cryB criedC began to cryD was crying 3 Li Ming said hehappy if Brianto China next month.A as; comeB was; would comeC would be; cameD will be; come4Jenny said sheher holiday in China.A spentB would spentC was going to spentD would spend5
13、现在进行时 be doing1表示现在 指说话人说话时 正在发生的事情.We are waiting for you.2习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行.Mr. Green is writing another novel.说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态.3表示方案或支配好了的将来动作,常与一个表示将来的时间状语连用Mike is coming home on Thursday.迈克星期四回来一般现在时与现在进行时的区分一一般现在时表示动作的习惯性和常常性,可带频率时间, 无时限性. 现在进行时表示动作的临时性.The shop closes at 7:30 p.m
14、.Father doesn t smoke. 习惯 I watch TV every day. 常常性 I am watching TV now. 临时性 He studies hard. 他常常 努力学习.He is studying hard.他 此刻或现阶段 正在努力学习.二连续动词的一般时表连续情形,表示长期性动作,常常性,习惯性行为或客观存在的事实、事物的本质特性, 没有时限性. 进行时表临时性或有限时刻的连续,表示短暂性动作,The tablesoft .feels 表特性特点.Japanin the east of China.lives表客观事实He lives in Beij
15、ing.生活在北京He is living in Beijing.目前住在北京临时性 Lucy lives in Beijing. 长期性居住 Lucy is living in Beijing.短时间居住 短暂动词的一般时表达事实,特点,才能, 而进行时描述反复发生, 即将发生或刚开头行为.He jumps high. 特点He is jumping very high. 反复 考题I don t really work here. Iuntil the new secretary arrives.A. just help outB. Have just helped outC.am jus
16、t helping outD. Will justhelp out可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_分析依题意“我不能在此工作” ,说明 help out 这一行为只是眼前临时发生的事,选.考题It seldomher but itheavily.A.snows/snowsB.snows /snowingC. Is snowing/I s snowingD.Is snowing /snows分析 seldom 表频率表达常常性事有用一般现在时,but 转折描述眼前临时情况,用现在进行时,应选.三现在进行时带 always, continually , forever, const
17、antly, forever 等频率副词,表示重复的动作,有着极大的感情颜色,表示不满或中意.,而一般现在时所表述的动作通常是事 实.You re always forgetting the most important things. 批评 He often helps others. 事实 He is always making noises in class. 厌恶 He is always helping others. 颂扬 He is perpetually interfering in my affairs. 她老是干预我的事. 不满The students are making
18、 progress constantly.同学们在不断进步. 中意四一些表示情感状态、知觉熟悉、愿望或短暂性的动词,不能用进行时,不能用现在进行时态,通常用一般现在时表示说话时发生的动作而应用一般现在时.如: see明白 , hear, know 知道 , understand, want 需要.想要 , like 喜爱 , love , like , hate, wish , hope, believe , hear, have有 , think 想.认为 , agree, notice,等等.I have a lot of friends here.严格区分进行时与一般时的语义五come,
19、go, leave, start, return ,move, reach,sail , fall等一般时态表客观规定方案, 进行时表主观准备估量.Flight 254 leaves at 5:30. 表客观规定方案 The plane is taking off an hour later. 主观判定 六一般现在时表示现在发生的动作,现在进行时表示眼前看得见的动作.例如:Boats pass under the bridge. 船从桥下穿过. The boat is passing under the bridge. 船正从桥下穿过.6 过去进行时 was/were doing1概念:过去进
20、行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示过去某一阶段始终在进行的动作2过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景.一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生.3 常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while It was raining when they left the station.When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.典型例题1) Marya dr
21、ess when she cut her finger.A. madeB. is makingC. was makingD. makes2) As shethe newspaper, Grannyasleep.read. was fallingB. was reading . fellC. was reading. was fallingD. read. fell一、过去进行时结构:was/were+ 动词的现在分词否认句就在 was/were 后加一个 not,疑问句将 was/were 提前就可.如: He was reading a book at 5:00pm yesterday.可编
22、辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He was not reading a bookat 5:00 yesterday. Was he reading a bookat 5:00 yesterday.Yes, he was./ No, he wasnt. What was he doingat 5:00 yesterday.二、过去进行时用法:1. 过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作,常和表示过去的状语连用.如:just then 那时,当时at this/that time在这/ 那时yesterday afternoon 昨天下午at nine 在九点last nigh
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