2022年高考英语语法精品教案专题名词性从句 .docx

《2022年高考英语语法精品教案专题名词性从句 .docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年高考英语语法精品教案专题名词性从句 .docx（23页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精品_精品资料_名词性从句始终备受高考命题者的关注,近几年来的高考题主要考查在详细语境中连接词的挑选,特殊是连接词what和 that的辨析,以及 whether与 if 表示“是否 ”时的区分.因此,正确区分名词性从句的类型,依据在从句中的作用和所表达的意义,确定恰当的连接词是一轮复习的重点.此外,名词性从句和定语从句的辨析, 也是高考考查的重点.一、熟悉各种名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作句子的主语、表语、宾语和同位语.因此,名词性从句详细分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句.名词性从句中的连接词有连词 that / whether / if ,连接 代词 what / w

2、hom/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever ,连接副词 where / when / why / how .从名词性从句在句中所起的作用来说,名词性从句是句子不行缺少的一部分,和句子的其他成分之间也不会用逗号隔开.而定语从句和状语从句是句子中的修饰成分,去掉之后不会影响句子主体结构的完整性.这是判定是否是名词性从句最主要的特点.如：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Iwonderhow much theseshoes cost.宾语从句,不行省去He is the very man I look a

3、fter. 定语从句,修饰 the manYou may borrow the book as long as you keep it clean. 状语从句1. 主语从句Who will go is not important.It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not. 形式主语 it 代替后面的真正的主语从句 留意： that引导主语从句放于句首时,不能省略.That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.2. 表语从句The question was who co

4、uld go there.Myideais thatwe can getmorepeopletohelpin thework.That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet. It looked as if it was going to rain.3 .宾语从句I hope that everything is all right.留意： 1that在引导宾语从句时,常可省略,但假如有两个以上的宾语从句时,最终一个从句的that不能省略.如：I know that he has just graduated from college and tha

5、t可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_he is looking for a job.2假如动词宾语后又有补语,那么要使用it作形式宾语,然后把宾语从句放在补语之后.如：I make it known that well be invited to the ball.3假如主句的谓语动词的时态是一般过去时,那么从句的时态要采纳相应的与过去有关的时态,但假如从句描述的是客观事实,从句时态不行调整 “呼应”.如：Sherememberedthatshehadleftherwalletatthe school gate.Our teacher said that light travel

6、s faster than sound.4 同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语,一般位于该名词如： news, fact,idea, suggestion,promise 等之后,说明该名词的详细内容.如：I have no idea when he will be back.Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprised everybody.留意：在动词：一坚持 insist 、二命令 order ,command、三建议suggest , advise , recommend 、 四要 求 demand , require, request ,a

7、sk后的宾语从句和这些动词的过去分词后的主语从句, 以及这些动词的名词引出的表语从句和同位语从句中,谓语部分常可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_用shoulddo 形式.如：He insisted that he should try once again.His adviceis thateveryoneshould do his bestto help the poor girl.It is required that students should attend at least 90% of the lectures.二、名词性从句的连接词在句中所连接词词义例句作成分Th

8、e problem isthatwe dont从that/have属enough money.连词Thequestionif/是否/iswhetherwhethertheyhavesomuch money.名词性从句的连接词是名词性从句中最核心的问题,也是高考的常考点.连接词的挑选要考虑它在从句中的作用和所表达的意 义.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_在句中所连接词词义例句作成分原 疑 问代 词 的Payattentionwho/ 意义. what更towhatthewhom/ 常 表 示 ： the 主 语 、 宾teacher said.which/ thingthat/

9、语、表Whokeptthe连whose/the that接what 所 的 东 西语、定语 doornightopenallwas代/ unknown.词Whoeverwhoever/whomever无论谁 /无论哪 主 语 、 宾 breaksthelaw/ which 个 些/ 无论什 语、表will be punished.Youcantakeever/么 语、定语whicheverbookwhateveryou like.在句中连接词词义 所作成例句分可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Whenhewill原疑问副词的意义或goIisunknown.“的时间 the tim

10、ewonderwhy连when . 的 的 点he tried to avoid接when/where/theplace状语me.副Thisroomiswhy/ howwhere . 的缘由词thereasonwhereIwasborn.why ”. 的 方 式This is how wethe way thatwork.1. what 与 that1【误】 All what he did was for you.【正】 What he did was for you.【正】 All that he did was for you.2【误】 I was thinking that I coul

11、d do for you.【正】 I was thinking what I could do for you.【解读】 what引导名词性从句, what相当于thething that/the that/ all that等,详细的意义要依据上下文确定.在名词性从句中, what既有意义,又在从句中作肯定的成分,而 that无意义,且在从句中不作成分.2. who 与 whoever可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_【误】 Who is the first to come will get a gift.【正】 Whoever is the first to come wil

12、l get a gift.【正】 Anyone who is the first to come will get a gift.【解读】 whoever引导名词性从句,意为“无论谁 ”,相当于anyone who .而 who 意为“谁”.3. whether与 if1【误】 They dont know if to go there.【正】 They dont know whether to go there. 2【误】 It depends on if we have enough time.【正】 It depends on whether we have enough time.【解

13、读】 在以下情形只能用 whether不能用 if ：作介词宾语时,连接词一般用 whether .It all depends on whether they will come back.后面直接跟 or not时,用 whether .I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中,只能用whether .Whetherthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeen decided yet.The question is whether they have so much time

14、.whether可与动词不定式连用,但 if 不能.I have not decided whether to go or not.whether可引导一个让步状语从句,表示“不管,无论 ”,而 if可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_不能.Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.4. whoever与 whomever【误】 Please give the book to whomever needs it most.【正】 Please give the book to whoever needs it

15、most.【解读】此处, whoever在从句中作主语,因此不能用whomever .名词性从句引导词的挑选要留意其意义及它在从句中所作的成分.5. 【误】 He will win the match is certain.【正】 That he will win the match is certain.【正】 It is certain that he will win the match.【解读】 that位于句首引导主语从句时,不能省略.6. 【误】 What we bought was some bananas.【正】 What we bought were some bananas

16、.【解读】 what引导的从句作主语时,如表示复数概念,谓语动词就用复数.7. 名词性从句的语序【误】 So now you know what should you do.【正】 So now you know what you should do.【解读】 名词性从句应用陈述语序.8. 【误】 Theres a fact that English is being accepted as an important language.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_【正】 Itsa factthatEnglishis beingacceptedas an important

17、language.【解读】 It is a fact that句型中,It为形式主语,真正的主语为后面的 that从句. it 不能换成 there .9. 【误】 He is late. Thats why he got up late this morning.【正】 Heislate.Thatsbecausehegotup latethis morning.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_【解读】 Thats why的原因. Thats because为此处起床晚是迟到的缘由,故用Thats because 10【误】 Well discuss the problem t

18、hat the sports meeting will be held in Beijing Stadium.那是因可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_【 正 】Welldiscusstheproblemwhen/whetherthe sports meeting will be held in Beijing Stadium.【解读】 假如用 that引导同位语从句意义不完整,这时可依据情形选用 whether, when等.1. 2022 全国卷 We havent discussed yetweare going to place our new furniture.A. t

19、hat B whichC whatD where【解读】 D where 引导宾语从句,在从句中作的点状语.2. 2022北京卷 At first he hated the new job but decidedtogivehimselfa fewmonthstosee itgotany可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_better.A. whenB how C whyD if【解读】 D考查宾语从句的引导词的挑选.句意为：最初他不喜爱这份新工作,但是他打算给自己几个月的时间来看一下这份 工作是否会变得更好.所以用 if 引导宾语从句.3. 2022 全国卷 Have you f

20、inished the book.No. Ivereadup to thechildrendiscoverthe secret cave.A. whichB whatC that D where【解读】 D考查宾语从句连接词.答句句意为：我已经读到 孩子们发觉神奇的窖的部分.where引导的从句充当up to的宾语,强调的点概念.4. 2022 福建卷 Weshouldrespectfoodand thinkaboutthe people who dont havewe have here and treat food nicely.A. that B whichC whatD whether

21、【解读】 C考查引导词.句意为：我们应当敬重食物,考虑 那些没有我们拥有的东西并很好的对待食物的人们.who 引导的定语从句修饰 thepeople ,定语从句中又含有一个宾语从句,这个宾语从句中 we have 缺少宾语,所以用 what 引导宾语从句.5 theflighttoNewYorkwillbedelayedis Im especially worried about.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A If; whatBWhether; thatC When; thatD Whether; what【解读】 D句意为：到纽约的航班是否会被耽搁是我特殊担 心的事情.

22、放在句首的主语从句表 “是否”要用 whether引导,而不能用 if ,what 引导表语从句.表示所担忧的事情.选D.6. 2022 重庆卷 To improve the quality of our products, weasked for suggestionshad used the products.A. whoeverBwhoC whicheverD which【解读】 A考查宾语从句引导词.句意为：为了提高产品的 质量,我们向任何使用过我们产品的人征求看法.这里可以表示“任何人”的只有 whoever ,引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语.正常语序应为 asked whoever

23、had used the products for suggestions.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_7 2022北 京 卷 somepeopleregardasa可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A Whether B What C That D How【解 读】B此题考 查主语从 句的引 导词.在 主语从 句 some people regard as a drawback中, regard缺少宾语,选 B.8. 2022北 京 卷 Iwanttobelikedandlo

24、vedfor I am inside.A. whoB whereC whatD how可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_【解读】 C此题考查名词性从句的引导词. for后跟宾语从句,从句中 am 后缺少表语,故用 what ,相当于一个名词加 that .92022 北京卷 Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved hisown novel , DavidCopperfield, wasitwasratherclosely modeled on his own life.A whatB that C whyD whether【解读】 B此题

25、考查表语从句的引导词.当thereason作主语,后面接表语从句时,习惯上用that来连接.10. Mum is coming. What presentfor your birthday.A. you expect she has gotB. you expect has she gotC. do you expect she has gotD. do you expect has she got【 解 读 】 C考 查 双 重 疑 问 句 , 疑 问 词 doyou think/believe/expect句子的其他成分 句子用陈述句语序 .11People believe that th

26、ere is no doubta cure forH1N1 has been found.A whichB that C whatD whether【解读】 B考查同位语从句. There is no doubt that为固定句型, that在从句中不充当成分.122022 江苏卷 I prefer shutting myself in and listening tomusic all day on Sundays.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Thats Idontagree.You shouldhaveamore active life.A whereB how C

27、whenD what【解读】 A此题考查名词性从句.where引导表语从句, 在从句中作的点状语.留意 agree 是不及物动词.13 Fathermadeapromise Ipassedtheexamination he would buy me a new dictionary.A. that B ifC whetherDthat if【解读】 Dthat引导同位语从句.在同位语从句中又含有一个由 if 引导的条件状语从句.14 childrenshouldlearnfromaroundusisaquestion of great importance.A. Where B Whom C

28、When D How【解读】 B考查对句式和引导词的判定才能.分析句子结构可排除 A、C、D,也可依据句意 “孩子们该向谁学习 得”知答案.15Alice looks blue today.Yes,Iaskedher,butshewouldntsay troubled her.A why was it thatBthat was whyC it was whatD what it was that【解读】 D考查宾语从句的语序和强调句型.句意为：“爱丽丝今日显得懊丧.”是“的,我问她为何,她没说到底是什么让她可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_难过.”162022 浙江卷 How

29、about camping this weekend, just fora change.OK,you want.A whicheverBhoweverC whateverD whoever【解读】 C句意： “这个周末野营怎么样,来点新奇的？ ”好“ 啊,按你的意思吧； ”答语中谓语动词 want缺少宾语,排除 B、D 项. whichever需要在语境中给出详细范畴,所以排除A 项.whatever等于 anything that.172022 陕西卷 It never occurred to meyou couldsucceed in persuading him to change h

30、is mind.A whichB whatC that D if【解读】 C此题考查名词性从句中的主语从句.It为形式主语,真正的主语从句中不缺任何成分,依据句子意思,只需要用 that连接.18 2022四川 卷 Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravelingdependslargelyon hegoeswith , whetherhisfriends or relatives.A whatB whoC howD why【解读】B考查连词词义辨析.宾语从句中with缺少宾语, whether his friends or relatives示意缺少的是指人的宾语.可编辑资料

31、 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_19 Youknow,ImpoorinChinese;youarenotgoodatEnglish, andThatswe should help each other. A whenB whereC how D that【解读】 B考查名词性从句. where引导的从句作表语,where 意为“的的方 ”.20 The free tickets will go tocomes first to the concert.A whoeverBwhomeverC whicheverD no matter who【解读】A此题考查名词性从句.题干句子空白处用wh

32、oever连接宾语从句同时在宾语从句中作主语,指人.句意为：免费票将送给第一个来听音乐会的听众,不管他是谁.留意no matter who只能引导状语从句,不能连接名词性从句.1 2022 陕西西安分科质检Afterworkingon themathsproblem for hours, he foundhe thought was the key to it.A whatBthatC whereD which解读：what 引导的名词性从句作 found 的宾语从句的主语,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_而且 what 在宾语从句中作主语. he thought为插入语.答案

33、：A2 2022 济南其次次统考 The hospitalnearbyhas justgota, you d cal,l iter.a scanner. A thatBwhichC whatD how解读：考查名词性从句.该句比较口语化.句意是“邻近的医院刚搞来一个 你们叫它什么 对,扫描器 ”.答案：C3 2022 潍坊质量监测 Sometimesadvertisementsmakepossible for companies to sell the customersmoney can not buy.A / .thatBit .whatC that .whichD it .whose解读

34、：句意为：有时广告让公司把用钱买不到的东西卖给顾客变得可能. it 是形式宾语,真正的宾语是不定式短语.what引导的是宾语从句,并在宾语从句中作宾语.答案：B4 2022 四川绵阳模拟 Mostofwecall geniuses 天 才 aresuccessfulonlybecausetheyhavemade可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_extraordinary efforts.A whomBwhoC whichD what解读：分析句子成分可知 of 后的宾语从句中,动词 call 后面缺少英语补足语,故用what 引导.答案：D5 2022 宁夏银川调研 She is

35、 verydeartous.Wehavebeen prepared to doit takes to save her life.A whicheverBhoweverC whateverD whoever解读：句意为：她对我们弥足宝贵.我们已经预备好尽一切 努力挽救她的生命.这里的whatever既作 take的宾语,也引导do 后的宾语从句.答案：C6 2022 西城 5 月Why are you staring at me.You lookstupid ； Theway you wearisannoys me most.A whichBwhereC howD what解读：考查名词性从句

36、的引导词.所选关系代词引导一个表可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_语从句,并在从句中作主语,所以要用what .答案：D7 2022 湖北武汉联考 Faced with trouble or difficulty, aperson takeshelp that is available.A whateverBwheneverC whereverD however解读：句意为：面对困难或挫折,一个人会接受任何可能得 到的帮忙. whatever在此修饰 help ,意为 “无论什么 ”,而其他三个选项,不作形容词,不能修饰名词,故排除.答案：A8 2022浙江 温 州 联 考 Th

37、efacthasworriedmanyscientiststhe earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A whatBwhichC thatD though解读：句意为：近年的球越来越暖的事实让很多科学家担心. 从句“ the earthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears不”缺少成分,因此选 C 项.that引导的从句作 fact的同位语.答案：C可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_9 2022 日照市调研考试 Do you know her.No.Hernameringsabellbut

38、Ican t rememberI read it before.A whereBwhatC thatD if解读：考查名词性从句.答语语意是：我不熟悉她.她的名 字似乎很熟,但我想不起来在哪儿见到过了.A 、B、C 三个选项中只有 where 可在宾语从句中作的点状语, if 不符合语意.答案：A10 2022 南通一模 there are living creatures inthe outer space asthose on Earth hasn t been proved until now.A HowBWhenC WhereD Whether解读：此题考查名词性从句.句意为：外太空是

39、否存在像的球上一样的生物仍不能确定. whether引导主语从句.答案：D112022 南通二模 He is eagerto trysomethinghe hasnever tried before.Oh ,I see.That s he s diffeorethnet rfsro. mA whenBwhere可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_C howD what解读：考查名词性从句.所填词引导的从句作表语,在从句中作的点状语,用 where ,选 B.答案：B12 2022 贵阳部分学校联考The paintingisso valuablethat it is difficu

40、lt to calculateits price would be.A thatBwhichC whatD/解读：考查名词性从句.这里用what引导宾语从句,并在从句中作表语.这画太珍贵了,很难估量其价格.答案：C13 2022济南 统 考 Themediatodaycandrawpublicattention tohelp is actually needed.A thatBwhichC where解读：D whose此题考查宾语从句的引导词,结合题干,where引导宾语从句并且在宾语从句中作的点状语.答案：C14 2022 海淀 一模 SorryI msolate , butyou cannotimaginegreat trouble I took to find your house.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A whatBhowC whichD why解读：考查宾语从句. take great trouble to do something表示“不辞辛苦的做某事 ”.在此, what 引导的宾语从句同时是一个感叹句, what 修饰名词 trouble .而 how 在感叹句中修饰形容词、副词或动词.答案：A15 2022成都 第一 次 诊断 ProfessorB