英语人称代词、物主代词、反身代词讲解(7页).doc

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1、-英语人称代词、物主代词、反身代词讲解-第 7 页英语人称代词、物主代词、反身代词英语人称代词、物主代词、反身代词总表：数人称代词物主代词人称主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词单数第一人称我Ime myminemyself第二人称你you youyouryoursyourself第三人称他hehimhishishimself她sheherherhersherself它itititsitsitself复数第一人称我们weusouroursourselves第二人称你们youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称他们、她们、它们theythemtheirtheirsthe

2、mselves人称代词： 要讲英语人称代词，咱们先要知道什么叫代词。代词(pronoun)是指代或替代名词或名词词组的词类，包括人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词。表格（1）数人称代词人称主格宾格单数第一人称我Ime第二人称你You you第三人称他Hehim她Sheher它Itit复数第一人称我们Weus第二人称你们Youyou第三人称他们Theytheir表格（2）人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit人称代词里的主格放在名首做主语和表语，宾格放在句

3、末或名中做动词和介词的宾语。打个比方，主人邀请宾客，主格就像主人，宾格就像宾客。主格在动词前面，宾格在动词或介词后面。1. 人称一致 人称代词作主语通常要与随后的动词保持人称的一致。例如： I am a teacher. You are a student. He is a doctor. She is a nurse. It is a computer.2数的一致 人称代词应与它的先行项在单、复数形式上保持一致。例如： Jenny is a nurse. She works at our school clinic. Here are a few TV sets for sale. They

4、 are all make in Japan. You, Mike and Andy have finished your work. You can go.3性的一致 单数第三人称代词有阳性、阴性和中性之分，它们的使用决定于所指对象的自然性别。 John didnt find us, so he left. Jane hasnt been back, so we are waiting for her. That vase is valuable. It is more than 300 years old.如果是类指，则代词和物主限定词可用he/his: A teacher should

5、offer his students challenging projects.5格的选择 人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，表示“所有”用属格。 I teach him Chinese. He teaches me English. This is my bag, that one is yours. 人称代词在介词之后常用宾格： I brought some story books for them. They are talking about me. Most of us like learning English. 人称代词在动词be之后常用宾格： Who is it?-Its m

6、e. If I were him, I would not do that thing. It 可以有许多用法，表示： a. 某样东西：Wheres my map? I left it on the table. b. 抽象事物：You saved my life. I shall never forget it. c. 不知性别的孩子：What a beautiful baby!Is it a boy? d. 某种感觉或情况：Where does it hurt? How is it going with you? e. 是谁：Who is it(that)?Itt me. f. 时间、日期

7、等：What time is it ? Its eight oclock. g. 天气、环境：Its raining. h. 距离等：How far is it to New York? -It is 800 kilometers.例句：1、I 和me.我是一名学生。 _I_ am a student.妈妈喜欢我。 Mother likes _me_.2、We 和 us.我们是中国人。 _We_ are Chinese.父母爱我们。 Parents love _us_.3、you 人称代词最容易记住的。（你能翻译下列句子吗？试一试！）你是一名学生。 You are a student. 我喜欢

8、你。 I love you.你们是学生。 You are students 我爱你们。 I love you.4、你能推出she 和 her的位置吗？她是一名护士。 _She_ is a nurse.你能帮助她。 You can help _her_.5、He和 him他是我的朋友。_He_ is my friends. (想想用he还是him呢？)我想和他一起玩。I want to play with _him_.6、it 的用法。-Where is my car?-_It_ is over there.指天气 It is raining outside.指气候 It is cold in

9、Harbin.指时间 -What time is it ? -Its six oclock.7、they和 them._They_ are listening to the radio.There are some cats, I like _them_ very much.物主代词物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词： 数 人称类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her

10、/its/our/their)+名词而名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs则相单于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如：Is this your book?No，it isnt, its hers.(her book)These are my books. These books are mine.This is my cup. Yours is the blue one.My husbands father is a doctor. Mine is a lawyer.名词性物主代词可用于“双重所有格”结构： My sister mak

11、es friends wherever she goes. Jack is just a friend of hers. Yours 常常写在信末：Yours faithfully, yours truly, yours sincerely, yours, yours ever例句： 你知道形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别吗？ 1、.形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，用在名词前。 This is my book. 这是我的书。 We love our motherland. 我们热爱我们的祖国。 2、名词性物主代词起名词的作用。 Look at the two pencils. The r

12、ed one is yours and the blue one is mine. 看那两支铅笔，红的是你的，蓝的是我的。 He likes my pen. He doesnt like hers. 他喜欢我的钢笔。不喜欢她的。 3、名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词反身代词典型用法例举反身代词在中学英语中的用法极其灵活，搭配频频出现，为帮助同学们复习和积累，特将中学英语中出现的反身代词用法归纳如下：1 用以加强语气，表示亲自。If one wants knowledge of a skill, one must take part in it oneself.He went there

13、himself the day before yesterday.2. 与典型介词搭配，构成固定短语，表达特定含义。1) (all) by oneself 单独地When I was young, I had to make a living all by myself.Would you go there by yourself?2) to oneself 独自享用When he eats in a restaurant, he likes a table to himself.3) for oneself 为自己；独自One shouldnt live for himself alone.

14、You must find it out for yourself.4) of oneself自动地The door opened of itself.5) between ourselves私下里Just between ourselves, I dont think much of him.6) in oneself本身The materials in themselves were not poisonous.7) beside oneself喜怒时发狂She was beside herself with joy.8) by itself自然地The machine will star

15、t by itself in a few seconds.3. 与典型动词搭配，构成固定短语。1) be not oneself身体不好Im not quite myself today.(Im unwell.)2) enjoy oneself玩得很痛快3) help oneself to sth. 随便吃Please help yourself to some fish.4) teach oneself sth.自学When he was young, he taught himself advanced mathematics.5) accustom oneself to 习惯于He qu

16、ickly accustomed himself to this new way of life.6) devote oneself to致力于I am determined to devote myself to the cause of education.7) adapt oneself to适应She quickly adapted herself to the new climate.8) adjust oneself to调整；适应The body quickly adjusts itself to changes in temperature.9) behave oneself举

17、止得体Please behave yourselves.10) dress oneself穿衣服He is too young to dress himself.11) seat oneself就坐He seated himself in the chair and began to read the novel.12) make oneself heard / understood / seen / known / believed让自己被（别人）听见/听懂/看见/认识/相信He raised his voice to make himself heard by all.13) find oneself无意识中发现自己At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and sat down to eat our picnic lunch.14) express oneself清楚表达自己的意思He is still unable to express himself in English.15) talk to oneself自言自语16) come to oneself 苏醒