2022年短暂动词与延续性动词 .pdf

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1、学习必备欢迎下载1. 现在完成时的构成：have / has + 动词的过去分词2. 现在完成时的用法：（1）表示某一动作或状态开始于过去并持续到现在现在。（此种用法适用于延续性动词）I have been in Nanyang for around 5 years. 我在南阳大约有五年了。（2）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果（此种用法适用非延续性动词）。 I can t go to see the movie now, because I have lost the ticket. 现在我看不成电影了，因为我把票弄丢了。3. 现在完成时的标志：just, alread

2、y, yet, ever, never, recently 近来 = in recent weeks (months, years)在最近的几周（月，年）里 ,nowadays, for + 一段时间， before ( 用于句子末尾 ); so far = up to now = till now; since + 过去某一具体时间点，since + 过去的一段时间 + ago ， since + 一般过去时从句，ever since then = ever since = since then = since (自从那时起 );in / over /during + the + past(

3、last) + 一段时间。Eg. On January 11,1998, Dr. Kataria organized the first “ World Laughter Day ” celebration in Mumbai, India. It was a huge success. The date was later changed to the first Sunday in May and it has been celebrated every year since.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 10 页

4、学习必备欢迎下载4. 现在完成时中的特殊用法：短暂动词的各种时态（包括现在完成时在内）不能和时间段连用，当它需要与时间段连用时需转换为延续性动词。注意：短暂动词若用于否定句则可与一段时间相连用。I haven t seen him for a long time. 我好久不见他了。5. 常见短暂动词转换成延续性动词的形式如下：get lost - be lost get / fall ill - be ill get in touch with - be/keep in touch with get to - be in / at get into - be in get into troub

5、le - be in trouble get out of - be out of reach - be in / at arrive at / in - be at / in get up - be up get married to sb.-be married to sb. marry sb. - be married to sb. fall in love with sb. - be in love with sb. fall asleep -be asleep make friends - be friends buy/get/receive - have go / come to

6、- be in / at go out - be out go there - be there go abroad - be abroad go to sleep - sleep go to bed - be in bed finish - be over go to school - be a student, be at school meet - be together wake up - be awake get to know - know begin - be on catch a cold - have a cold borrow - keep die -be dead lea

7、ve - be away (from) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 10 页学习必备欢迎下载close - be closed open - be open join - be a member of / be in join the Party - be a Party member, be a member of the Party, be in the Party join the army - be a soldier, be in the army become / get / fall + adj. or

8、 n. - be + adj. or n. become a teacher - be a teacher come back / get back / return - be back put on - wear / be dressed in stand up - stand sit down - sit lie down - lie graduate = leave school - be away from school Notice: 凡是含有 become , fall, go, get, join 等的短语及其本身大都是短暂动词，它们的各种时态通常都不与一段时间相连用，把它们转化

9、成延续性动词的方法一般是把含有这些词的短语变成含有连系动词动词 be 有关的短语。6.三个特殊现在完成时短语的用法区别have / has been to 表示曾经去过某地但现在已经回来，可以和次数相连用但不能和一段时间相连用。She has been to Cuba many times. 他去过古巴好多次了。have / has gone to 表示已经到某地去了，到现在还没有回来，它既不能和次数相连用也不能和一段时间相连用。I haven t seen him for a long time. Where has he gone? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归

10、纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 10 页学习必备欢迎下载我好久不见他了。他到哪去了？have / has been in 表示在某地，它不能和次数相连用但可以和一段时间相连用。She has been in Cuba for a long time. 她在古巴有好长一段时间了。一、用 since 或 for 填空。（共 15 分，每小题 1.5 分 ）1.His father has been dead _ he was ten years old. 2.He has been away from the army _ six years. 3.He has been in

11、Beijing _ 2003. 4.He has had a car _ two months. 5.He has kept the book _ the day before yesterday. 6.(1)Kate has had a new bike _ two days. (2)Kate has had a new bike _ two days ago. 7.(1)Ann has kept in touch with Jane _ seven years ago. (2) Ann has kept in touch with Jane _ seven years. 8.My uncl

12、e has been in the party _ last year. 9.My uncle has been a member of the Party _ one year. 10.It has been ten years _ we met last time. 二、单项选择。 （共 60 分， 每小题 2 分）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 10 页学习必备欢迎下载1.Lucy and Lily _ China for 5 years. A.has been in B.have been in C.have b

13、een to D.have gone to 2.-Oh, you re late again. The film _ for twenty minutes. -What a pity! A.has begun B.began C.has been on D.have been on 3.I must go home now. I have been away from home _. A.since 9 o clock B.for two hours ago C.for 9 o clock D.at 9 o clock 4.-My grandpa _ for seven years. -I m

14、 sorry to hear that. A.died B.dead C.has been dead D.has died 5.-Mrs. Green, your hat looks nice. Is it new? -No, I _ it for two months. A.have had B.have bought C.bought D.had 6.Mrs. King has _ for over 3 years. A.gone go to abroad B.been to abroad C.gone abroad D.been abroad 7.You _ my bike for tw

15、o days. Could you please return it to me soon? A.have borrowed B.have lent C.have kept D.borrowed 8.-Do you know her well? -Sure, we _ friends since ten years ago. A.were B.have made C.have been D.have become 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 10 页学习必备欢迎下载9.Maria _ this pair of sho

16、es for about six years. It s too old to wear. A.has bought B.has had C.bought D.had 10.Uncle Chen _ Shanghai for five years. A.has gone to B.has gone to C.went D.has been in 11.I have a nice watch. I have had it _ 2 months. A.since B.in C.for D.after 12.The fisherman _ at the bank of the river _ 8 o

17、 clock. A.has been; for B.has come; at C.has been; since D.came; since 13.Mr. Li _ England. He _ London for two weeks. A.has been to; has been to B.has gone to; has been in C.has been to; has been in D.has gone to; has been to 14.-How long have you _ watch? It looks new. -Only about three weeks. A.h

18、ad B.bought C.received D.borrowed 15.-The missing boy hasn t been found yet? -Yeah, he _ since three months ago. A.lost B.has been lost C.lost himself D.has lost himself 16.Mr. Li has _ for a whole week. A.got ill B.been ill C.gotten ill D.fallen ill 17.I have _ in touch with my old friend, Li Ming

19、for a number of years. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 10 页学习必备欢迎下载A.been B.kept C.A and B D.gotten 18.-Mr. Wilson _ Wuhan International Airport for half an hour. -Hasn t he? I must pick him up right now. A.has gotten to B.has got to C.has been at D.has been in 19.-I have _ the

20、train station for two hours and a half. -I m so sorry for having you wait for so long. A.reached B.arrived at C.been in D.been at 20.Have you _ since the big fire happened? A.gotten up B.been up C.got up D.get up 21.Ann has _ married _ Kris for over nine years. A.gotten, to B.gotten, with C.been, to

21、 D.been, with 22.Ann has _ in love _ Kris for almost ten years. A.been, with B.been, to C.fallen, to D.fallen, with 23.-Is your father still in Italy? -No, he has _ for about half a month. A.come back B.got back C.returned D.been back 24.-How long have you _ this new coat? -For about three days. A.p

22、ut on B.been on C.putted on D.worn 25.I m sorry for having you _ here for so long. A.stand up B.to stand up C.stand D.to stand 26.Sheila has _ on the sofa watching TV for four hours. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 10 页学习必备欢迎下载A.sitted B.sited C.sat down D.sat 27.Elliont has _ o

23、n the bed for the whole morning. A.lain B.lied C.lay down D.lied down 28.-I telephoned you last night. But no one answered. -Oh, I _ for the whole night. A.were out B.went out C.have been out D.have gone out 29.-Have you met your uncle? I hear he is also in Nanjing. -Yes. We _ for nearly a week. A.h

24、ave met B.have together C.have been together D.met 30.-Where is Mr. Smith? -He has _ for half an hour. A.gone to sleep B.been sleep C.gone sleeping D.slept 三、句型转换。 （共 45 分， 每小题3 分）1.His grandfather has died. His grandfather _ _ _ for ten years. 2.The film has begun. The film _ _ _ for 5 minutes. 3.W

25、u Peng has joined the English club. Wu Peng _ the English club for a month. 4.The factory opened 3 years ago. The factory _ for 3 years. 5.The bookstore closed last month. The bookstore _ since last month. 6.I borrowed the book three days ago. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 10

26、页学习必备欢迎下载I _ the book for 3 days. 7.The man fell asleep in class just now. The man _ for 20 minutes. 8.Miss Wang came to our school last year. Miss Wang _ our school for one year. 9.Bobby left our school at 8 o clock. Bobby _ our school since 8 o clock. 10.I got to know the beautiful girl last month

27、. I _ the beautiful girl since last month. 11.Jim married Lucy two years ago. Jim and Lucy _ since two years ago. 12.He came to Beijing in 2003. He _ in Beijing _ 2003. 13.Mrs. White s son joined the army in 2008. His son has _ since 2008. 14.I received Jim s present three days ago. I _ his present

28、for three days. 15.I went to school about nine years ago. I have _ for about nine years. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 10 页学习必备欢迎下载参考答案一、since 2.for 3.since 4.for 5.since 6.for, since 7.since, for 8.since 9.for10.since 二、1.B2.C3.A4.C5.A6.D7.C8.C9.B10.D 11.C12.C13.B14.A15.B16.B

29、17.C18.C19.D20.B 21.C22.A23.D24.D25.C26.D27.A28.A29.C30.D 三、1.has been dead 2.has been on 3.has been a member of 4.has been open 5.has been closed 6.have kept 7.has been asleep 8.has been in 9.been away from 10.have known 11.have been married 12.has been; since 13.been a soldier / been in the army 14.have had 15.been a student / been at schoool 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 10 页