2022年初中名词复数讲解、习题及中考真题 .pdf
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1、学习必备欢迎下载第一讲名词变复数一、可数名词变复数规则变化及发音:1、绝大多数的可数名词在词尾加上s ; eg :bookbooks; desk desks ;penpens;car cars s遇t 读浊辅音 ts,遇 d 读清辅音 dz eg :friend friends; catcats; 2. 、以 s、x、ch、sh 结尾的单词,在该词末尾加上-es ;读音规则:读iz;eg:busbuses; box boxes; watchwatch ches; dishdishes 3、以辅音字母+y 结尾的名词,要把y 变为 i ,再加 -es ;读音规则:读z 。eg:fly flies
2、; babyb abies; 元音字母加y 结尾的单词直接加s;eg:toy toys ;boyboys;4、以 -f 或-fe结尾的名词,要将-f或-fe变为 -v ,再加 es;读音规则:读vz ;eg:knife knives ;leaf leaves ;5、以 -o 结尾的名词,初级阶段只有三个单词要加-es ,其余都加 -s ;读音规则:读z 。eg:tomatotomatoes西红柿 ; potatopotatoes土豆 ; h eroheroes英雄 ; Negro Negroes 口诀:“黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿”其余 eg:zoozoos; hippo hippos ;名词
3、变复数不规则变化:1. 单词内部发生变化:口诀“oo常常变 ee,男人女人a 变 e”eg:foot feet脚;tooth teeth牙齿; man men 男人; woman women 女人;2. 单复数相同:“羊鱼小鹿无变化,单数复数是一家”eg:sheepsheep 绵羊; fish fish鱼;deerdeer鹿;3. 不规则变化: child children孩子; mouse mice老鼠; German Germans 德国人;4“某国人”的复数有三种类型:口诀“中日不变,英法变,其它S加后边”(1) Chinese, Japanese单数复数同形,不需加s;(2) Engl
4、ishman, Frenchman, Dutchman复数要把 man 变为 men ;(3)其他各国人以an, -ian收尾的均直接加s。如: Americans, Australians, 5. 单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese ,police,class,family 6.一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people, shoes, glasses, gloves, shorts clothes, socks 7.代词的复数。It he she I you this that 二.不可数名词:不可数名词概念:不可以数出数目的名词叫做不可数名
5、词。包括物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质)和抽象名词(表示抽象概念的词)。不可数名词特点:不可数名词没有复数形式,也不能与a, an及数词连用,常作单数看待。例:water Theres some water in the bottle. food My favourite food is noodles. 不可数名词如表数量,常和a bottle of, a glass of a pieces of 等名词词组连用。如表示复数,只把量词改为复数。例: a bottle of pop 一瓶汽水, two glasses of orange juice 两杯桔子汁,three cups of t
6、ea 三杯茶,a piece of paper 一张纸有些物质名词有时可数,有时不可数,要根据上下文决定,其意义也有所不同。Glass(玻璃 ) glasses(眼镜)集体名词看作整体时,谓语用单数; 指成员时,谓语用复数。His family is a large family. His family like animals. 指整体指成员有的名词单复数意思不同:例: hair 和 fruit 通常作单数,表示总体。My hair is black. 我的头发是黑色的。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 7 页学习必备欢
7、迎下载I like fruit .It s good for you.我喜欢水果 ,水果对你的身体有好处。但如果表示若干根头发或各种水果,则需用复数形式. Danny has three hairs.丹尼有三根头发。She likes pears, peaches and other fruits. 他喜欢梨,桃和其它水果。名词单复数练习. 写出下列单词的复数形式:fish- boy- watch- knife- leaf- wife- baby- family- man- woman- child- tooth- goose- mouse- sheep- peach- picture- Ch
8、inese- he- his- I- this- is- it- that- . 将下列句子改为复数句子: 1. He is looking after the baby._ 2. It s a big heavy box. _ 3. This picture is nice._ _ 4. She is a beautiful woman._ 5. I m a good child. _ 6. That s a delicious peach._. 将下列句子改为单数句子:1. These are red coats. _ 2. They re my students._3. They re
9、women workers here. _ 4. Those are beautiful flowers._ . 划出下列单词中的不可数名词: meat pop shirt food knife snow water ice tea orange truck car jam ear bread milk noodles eraser clothes 根据括号内的词填空1. Is this your _ (notebook) .2. Those are my two _ (brother). 3. That s my _ (sister).4. They re his _ (parent).5.
10、 These are my _ (friends). 6. Is she your _ (aunt)? 7. Here is my family _ (photo). 8. Here are your _ (math book). 9. The _ (watch) are on the dresser. 10. The _ (boy) over there is my brother. 11. The _ (boy) in red are his brothers. 12. Can you bring some _ (thing) to school? 13. Those are my _ (
11、CD). 14. Let s play _ (volleyball).15. Let s play the _ (drum).16. We have many _ (sport) _ (club). 17. Ed Smith has a great _ (sport) collection. 18. I like playing computer _ (game). 19. He has 8 tennis _ (racket). 20. He has 3 _ (soccer ball) and 5 _ (volleyball). 21. He doesn t play _ (sport).22
12、. Do you like _ (banana)? 23. Do you like _ (hamburger)? 24. He like _ (strawberry). 25. They have _ (ice cream) for dessert. 26. She doesn t like _ (broccoli).27. I like _ (salad). 28. I like _ (tomato). 29. He has some _ (photo) of his family. 30. For breakfast, she likes _ (egg) and _ (apple). 31
13、. For dinner, she has _ (chicken). 32. Some _ (people) are under the tree. 32. Nick doesn t like his _ (class).33. My _ (clothes) are all red. 34. This T-shirt is seven _ (dollar). 35. How much are these _ (sock)? 36. I need some _ (help). 37. Do you need _ (bag) for _ (sport)? 39. Anybody can affor
14、d our _ (price). 40. My _ (shoe) are black. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 7 页学习必备欢迎下载名词单复数中考习题集锦【2013 四川遂宁】 22. I m so hungry. Please give me _ to eat. A. three bread B. three pieces of bread C. three pieces of breads 【答案】 B 【解析】考查不可数名词数量的表示。句意为:我非常饿,请给我三片面包吃。Bread 为不可数名词,不能用数
15、词直接来修饰,同时不可数名词没有复数形式,故选B。【2013 湖南娄底】 29. What can I do for you? Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and_. A. some chickens B. any chickens C. some chicken 【答案】 C 【解析】考查名词的用法。chicken 当鸡肉讲为不可数名词,没有复数形式,故答案为C。【解析】 本题考查名词的辨析。由下文 I like bananas best.可知上句问的是最喜欢吃的水果是什么。故选 B。【2013 湖北咸宁】 29. Could you gi
16、ve me some _ on how to learn English _? Sure. Practice makes perfect. A. advice; good B. suggestions; good C. advice; wellD. suggestion; well 【答案】 C 【解析】考查词语的辨析。learn 是动词,后面应当用副词well 作状语,可排除A、B;suggestion 是可数名词,当前面有some 修饰时,应当用复数,可排除D。【2013 甘肃白银】 51. Just search the internet, you can get almost all
17、the _ you need. A. informations B. information C. picture D. story 【答案】 B 【解析】考查名词。句意:上网搜一下,你就能得到你需要几乎所有的信息。information ,信息,不可数名词。故选B。【解析】名词词义辨析。Actor “ 演员 ” ,scientist“科学家 ” , artist“画家 ” ,doctor “医生 ” 。根据句意: “ 一个能用图画描述崇山峻岭、蓝色海洋和其它很多事情的人,是画家。” ,所以选 C。【2013 四川南充】 22. There are some _ on the floor. A
18、. milk B. child C. boxes 【答案】 C 【解析】 考查名词在语境中的辨析。there are 后应接可数名词复数,milk 是不可数名词, 应排除; child 是可数名词单数,也应排除。故应选C。【2013 四川广安】 23. Are there any _in your school? Yes, there are. A. Germen B. Germans C. German 【答案】 B 【解析】本题考查名词复数形式。由句中be 动词 are 可知此处应名词复数形式,German 的复数形式为Germans。故选 B。【2013 上海】 36. The stud
19、ents didnt find much _ about the topic on that website.A. report B. article C. information D. story 【答案】 C 考查名词的用法句意:学生们在网上没有发现有关这个话题的很多信息。Much 之后要用不可数名词,只有information 是不可数名词。其他的report,article 和 story 都是可数名词。【2013 湖北黄冈】 33. What would you like to drink, girls? ,_ please. A. Two glass of water B. Two
20、 glass of waters C. Two cups of tea D. Two cups of teas 【答案】 C 考查名词的数glass 和 cup 是可数名词,两杯应用复数形式,因此A、B 错误; tea 是不可数精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页学习必备欢迎下载名词,没有复数,故选C。【2013 贵州安顺】 20. Kate is _ girl. Shes very happy at school.A. a eighteen-year-old B. an eighteen-year-old C. an
21、 eighteen-years-old D. a eighteen-years-old 【答案】 B 【解析】考查冠词和数词的用法。在元音音素开头的单词前面用冠词an;在辅音音素开头的单词前面用冠词 a;数词和名词用“ -” 连接,名词用单数。所以选择答案B。【2013 广东】 28. Mum, Ive heard that we cant eat _ these days. Is it true?Take it easy. It is safe to eat cooked meat. A. chicken B. chickens C. a chicken D. the chicken 【答案
22、】A 【解析】考查名词的用法。chicken 鸡肉,为不可数名词,故不可以加冠词a,后也能加s ,泛指吃鸡肉也不需要加冠词the,所以选择答案A。【2013 黑龙江绥化】 6. I saw some _ and _ dancing in the street the day before yesterday. A. Germen; Englishmen B. Germans; Englishmans C. Germans; Englishmen 【答案】 C 【解析】考查名词复数形式。 句意:前天我看到一些德国人和英国人在街上跳舞。复数形式:德国人:Germans; 英国人: Englishm
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