2022年初中物理总复习的策略和方法 .pdf

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1、Pushing ahead, East, North, West developme nt, facilitating shanty, complete xincheng West Road, sta bility and reconstruction of the street, Star Ding garden built century Garden District, subject public housing construction, heating the gas expansi on accelerated implementation, Jing Rui River and

2、 bridge style line soli d shaft, further expanded the town development. Beautiful country adhere to the advance a nd typical for a group to lead. Accordi ng to ecological lay based, a nd i ndustry increase d income, and live upgrade civilization, a nd cult ure rich connotation of thought, caught bui

3、lt beautiful village, and whole village advance , an d easily relocation, a nd five modified three built, project near 30 a; depth into ecological, and industry, and culture, and tourism, elements, high standards caught party original city Liu, and jade are Xia AO, model village, in province City se

4、t has benchmark. Four is equal benefits to promote sharing, coordinated development of various social undertakings. In the case of rigid spe ndi ng slowing revenue growth, increase, fina ncial 75% to the peoples livelihood, the masses have more access in the sharing. Cuoban something good and benefi

5、t. Adhere to the affordable, best, carefully cuoban village oil, water and heat, cultural, city and County columns practical, developments benefit families, bring more welfare to the masses. Development of social convenience. Acceptance of balanced development of compulsory education thr ough the na

6、tional asse ssment, the County vocational education center was named top School of vocational education in China, the third batch of national reform and development model through provincial . Five is to deepen reform and innovation t o break bottlenecks and e ndogenous developme nt of effective fire

7、. As an engine of dynamism, addi ng reform key to adopting reform measures stress energy and break bottlenecks and promoting development. Pay close attention to the key areas of reform. Conscientiously implement the provincial deployment and cancel, adjustment, to undertake the administrative approv

8、al items according to Regulation 347 to further improve administrative efficiency continuing deepening reform for poverty alleviation, speeding up rural land right registration certification pilot project, encouraging the orderly transfer of land management, utilize the land re sources, in order to

9、pr omote scale management laid the Foundation. Actively cultivate the market. Firmly establish a market-oriented, nurturing family farms, industrial users, professional cooperation organization new market management main body 456, effectively improve the industry, intensive and marketization of enco

10、uraging support social capital into the small micro-cre dit, urban development, culture and tourism, public services and other areas, easing development shortfall. To promote mass innovation. To support the rural sector to use new thinking and new ideas, creative work incentives such as actively pro

11、moting financial intermediation, bring added 159 in non public enterprises, individually-1540, created a初中物理总复习的策略和方法在刚接触一部分新知识时，通过老师讲解、学生自学，再加以习题辅助练习，能使学生很快理解所学知识，全面的掌握所学内容。那时，学生所做的习题都是针对个别知识点，是为学懂一个个知识点服务的。但是，当学生把初二、初三全部物理知识学完，应对中考的综合复习过程中，再针对每一个知识点去做题， 搞题海战术，不要说师生疲惫，时间也是不允许的，因为总复习涉及的内容多、时间短、见效快，所

12、以各科都在抢时间，学生只能在所剩无几的课外时间疲于应付作业，忙于复习语、数、外三大科。要求学生课外复习物理知识， 还真是“强学生所难”。这就要求我们如果要在短时间内取得好的效果就必须深入研究与探索，下面是我在认真分析近几年物理中考情况的基础上，结合自己的实际，谈的一些复习的策略和方法。一、梳理强化知识，夯实基础，发展能力历年来中考基础题面广量足， 而一些综合题也是基本概念， 基本方法和基本技能的综合也应用，因此抓好基础是关键。在第一轮复习中，教学的重点放在物理考标的学习和研究上， 做到定时间、定内容，明确中考对各章、各知识块的知识点的能级要求、变化情况、考试新动向；重点、难点、学生的薄弱点在哪

13、里，就设置怎样的典型例题和针对性练习， 做到心中有数。 物理学中的基本概念和基本规律在学新课时可能没有全面正确的掌握，在复习时就有必要强化和加深。如在复习 长度的测量一章介绍减小误差的方法是多次测量取平均值时，精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 6 页Pushing ahead, East, North, West developme nt, facilitating shanty, complete xincheng West Road, sta bility and reconstruction of the stree

14、t, Star Ding garden built century Garden District, subject public housing construction, heating the gas expansi on accel erated implementation, Jing Rui River and bridge style line soli d shaft, further expanded the town development. Beautiful country adhere to the advance a nd typical for a group t

15、o lead. Accordi ng to ecological lay based, a nd i ndustry increase d income, and live upgrade civilization, a nd cult ure rich connotation of thought, caught built beautiful village, and whole village advance , and easily relocation, a nd five modified three built, project near 30 a; depth into eco

16、logical, and industry, and culture, and tourism, elements, high standards caught party original city Liu, and jade are Xia AO, model village, in province City set has benchmark. Four is equal benefits to promote sharing, coordinated development of various social undertakings. In the case of rigid sp

17、e ndi ng slowing revenue growth, increase, fina ncial 75% to the peoples livelihood, the masses have more access in the sharing. Cuoban something good and benefit. Adhere to the affordable, best, carefully cuoban village oil, water and heat, cultural, city and County columns practical, developments

18、benefit families, bring more welfare to the masses. Development of social conve nience. Acceptance of balanced development of compulsory education thr ough the national asse ssment, the County vocational education center was named top School of vocational education in China, the third batch of natio

19、nal reform and development model through provincial . Five is to deepen reform and innovation t o break bottlenecks and e ndogenous developme nt of effective fire. As an engine of dynamism, addi ng reform key to adopting reform measures stress energy and break bottlenecks and promoting development.

20、Pay close attention to the key areas of reform. Conscientiously implement the provincial deployment and cancel, adjustment, to undertake the administrative approval items according to Regulation 347 to further improve administrative efficiency continuing deepening reform for poverty alleviation, spe

21、eding up rural land right registration certification pilot projectencouraging the orderly transfer of land management, utilize the land re sources, in order to pr omote scale management laid the Foundation. Actively cultivate the market. Firmly establish a market-oriented, nurturing family farms, in

22、dustrial users, professional cooperation organization new market management main body 456, effectively improve the industry, intensive and marketization of encouraging support social capital into the small micro-cre dit, urban development, culture and tourism, public services and other areas, easing

23、 development shortfall. To promote mass innovation. To support the rural sector to use new thinking and new ideas, creative work incentives such as actively promoting financial intermediation, bring added 159 in non public enterprises, individually-1540, created a教师可以设疑： “多次测量的目的是什么？”除了取平均值可减小误差外还有避

24、免实验的偶然性（如“探究杠杆平衡条件”的实验）和比较（如“测量小灯泡的功率”）。从而让学生加深对多次测量目的的理解。再比如复习机械效率时，（对于滑轮组而言）=（w有用/w总） 100= （gh/fs ）100=(g/nf) 100，即若想测量某滑轮组的机械效率，不一定要把物体的重力-g物、物体移动的距离 -h 、绳子的拉力 -f、绳子的自由端移动的距离-s全部测出，根据公式的推导，我们只需测出物体的重力- g物、绳子的拉力 -f和明确承担动滑轮的绳子股数n 就行了。从而加深学生对滑轮组机械效率测定的理解。当然我们也可以根据学生平时学习的“病历”和复习中暴露出来的问题，通过“设陷”来纠错。 “设

25、陷”就是要在学生的错误认识上设陷，以消除接受科学知识的障碍； “设陷”就是要在解题思路上设陷，以克服消极呆板的思维定势； 要把典型错误， 拿出来让学生分析错误的原因，刨根求底，“自己解放自己” 。对于同一类问题， 要变换方式，在新情景、新角度中设置练习，进行反复训练，并及时反馈，扎扎实实把基础夯实，让学生思维得到发展。二、分层复习，分类推进，全面提高复习质量在综合复习阶段，学生的差异很大，为了使复习更有针对性、 更有效，以“面向全体，分类指导”为原则，在综合分析学生的基础水平、物理学习能力、潜能及认知心理的基础上，把学生分成三个层次。这三精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归

26、纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 6 页Pushing ahead, East, North, West developme nt, facilitating shanty, complete xincheng West Road, sta bility and reconstruction of the street, Star Ding garden built century Garden District, subject public housing construction, heating the gas expansi on accel erated imple

27、mentation, Jing Rui River and bridge style line soli d shaft, further expanded the town development. Beautiful country adhere to the advance a nd typical for a group to lead. Accordi ng to ecological lay based, a nd industry increase d income, and live upgrade civilization, a nd cult ure rich connot

28、ation of thought, caught built beautiful village, and whole village advance , and easily relocation, a nd five modified three built, project near 30 a; depth into ecological, and industry, and culture, and tourism, elements, high standards caught party original city Liu, and jade are Xia AO, model v

29、illage, in province City set has benchmark. Four is equal benefits to promote sharing, coordinated development of various social undertakings. In the case of rigid spe ndi ng slowing revenue growth, increase, fina ncial 75% to the peoples livelihood, the masses have more access in the sharing. Cuoba

30、n something good and benefit. Adhere to the affordable, best, carefully cuoban village oil, water and heat, cultural, city and County columns practical, developments benefit families, bring more welfare to the masses. Development of social conve nience. Acceptance of balanced development of compulso

31、ry education thr ough the national asse ssment, the County vocational education center was named top School of vocational education in China, the third batch of national reform and development model through provincial . Five is to deepen reform and innovation t o break bottlenecks and e ndogenous de

32、velopme nt of effective fire. As an engine of dynamism, addi ng reform key to adopting reform measures stress energy and break bottlenecks and promoting development. Pay close attention to the key areas of reform. Conscientiously implement the provincial deployment and cancel, adjustment, to underta

33、ke the administrative approval items according to Regulation 347 to further improve a dministrative efficiency continuing deepening reform for poverty alleviation, speeding up rural land right registration certification pilot project, encouraging the orderly transfer of land management, utilize the

34、land re sources, in order to pr omote scale management laid the Foundation. Actively cultivate the market. Firmly establish a market-oriented, nurturing family farms, industrial users, professional cooperation organization new market management main body 456, effectively improve the industry, intens

35、ive and marketization of encouraging support social capital into the small micro-cre dit, urban development, culture and tourism, public services and other areas, easing development shortfall. To promote mass innovation. To support the rural sector to use new thinking and new ideas, creative work in

36、centives such as actively promoting financial intermediation, bring added 159 in non public enterprises, individually-1540, created a个层次的界线是模糊的，呈动态变化的，允许学生根据复习情况，可以变动，实行民主，以消除学生的心理障碍。首先教师要分层备课，确定不同层次的教学复习目标，做到“保底”不“封顶”，同时设计不同层次的复习方法、 课堂提问、练习作业等。使普通生“吃的了”，中等生“吃得饱”，优秀生“吃得好”。在课堂教学中，处理好同步教学和分层教学的关系，既有面向

37、全体，又有兼顾各层次学生，使各层次的学生有所为、有所得、有所乐。在作业设置上，对普通生要求完成一定数量的基础题， 加强基本功训练；中等生完成一定量的巩固提高题；优秀生加做一些有一定难度、 灵活大的综合题； 并鼓励低层次学生在完成作业后，尝试向公层次作业冲刺，并及时调整各层次学生的作业量和难度。在检测中，要以不同的标准客观评价每一位学生，试卷易、中、难的比例一般为7：2：1，同时，可增设一点综合性附加题，这样做的目的旨在通过检测，让普通生获得成功的喜悦，产生成就感；让中等生经受“跳一跳摘桃子”的体验；让优秀生有“英雄用武之地”。在分层辅导中，对普通生及时了解他们的学习态度、学习困难、耐心辅导、“

38、扶着过河”；对中等生主要是释疑解难、分析原因、教会方法、指明方向；对优秀生主要是点拨、发展能力，让他们“举着红旗过河”。通过分层引导，充分调动了学生学习的积极性， 使各层次的学生在相应的 “最近发展区”内得到充分发展。三、指导学生进行记忆，减轻学生记忆负担精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 6 页Pushing ahead, East, North, West developme nt, facilitating shanty, complete xincheng West Road, sta bility and reco

39、nstruction of the street, Star Ding garden built century Garden District, subject public housing construction, heating the gas expansi on accel erated implementation, Jing Rui River and bridge style line soli d shaft, further expanded the town development. Beautiful country adhere to the advance a n

40、d typical for a group to lead. Accordi ng to ecological lay based, a nd i ndustry increase d income, and live upgrade civilization, a nd cult ure rich connotation of thought, caught built beautiful village, and whole village advance , and easily relocation, a nd five modified three built, project ne

41、ar 30 a; depth into ecological, and industry, and culture, and tourism, elements, high standards caught party original city Liu, and jade are Xia AO, model village, in province City set has benchmark. Four is equal benefits to promote sharing, coordinated development of various social undertakings.

42、In the case of rigid spe ndi ng slowing revenue growth, increase, fina ncial 75% to the peoples livelihood, the masses have more access in the sharing. Cuoban something good and benefit. Adhere to the affordable, best, carefully cuoban village oil, water and heat, cultural, city and County columns p

43、ractical, developments benefit families, bring more welfare to the masses. Development of social conve nience. Acceptance of balanced development of compulsory education thr ough the national asse ssment, the County vocational education center was named top School of vocational education in China, t

44、he third batch of national reform and development model through provincial . Five is to deepen reform and innovation t o break bottlenecks and e ndogenous developme nt of effective fire. As an engine of dynamism, addi ng reform key to adopting reform measures stress energy and break bottlenecks and

45、promoting development. Pay close attention to the key areas of reform. Conscientiously implement the provincial deployment and cancel, adjustment, to undertake the administrative approval items according to Regulation 347 to further improve administrative efficiency continuing deepening reform for p

46、overty alleviation, speeding up rural land right registration certification pilot projectencouraging the orderly transfer of land management, utilize the land re sources, in order to pr omote scale management laid the Foundation. Actively cultivate the market. Firmly establish a market-oriented, nur

47、turing family farms, industrial users, professional cooperation organization new market management main body 456, effectively improve the industry, intensive and marketization of encouraging support social capital into the small micro-cre dit, urban development, culture and tourism, public services

48、and other areas, easing development shortfall. To promote mass innovation. To support the rural sector to use new thinking and new ideas, creative work incentives such as actively promoting financial intermediation, bring added 159 in non public enterprises, individually-1540, created a我国古代教育家孔子所说的“

49、学而时习之”、“温故而知新”，是强调在学习过程中要注重复习。 学生在认识和熟记知识的时候，遗忘也就开始了，这是客观规律。 和遗忘作斗争的最好办法就是复习。德国心理学家艾宾浩斯经过实验总结出一条最基本的遗忘规律，即遗忘的历程是先快后慢， 遗忘最严重的时刻是在识记之后的头一天，甚至发生在最初的几个小时、几分钟，以后遗忘的速度会逐渐缓慢下来。在复习时，教师应指导学生及时复习， 每天给学生提出明确的复习目标，与学生一起与遗忘作斗争。适时帮助学生总结、浓缩记忆口诀。例如平面镜成像的特点：等大、正立、等距、虚像。凸透镜成像的规律：实像倒，位异侧；虚像正，位同侧；1 倍焦距分虚实， 2 倍焦距分大小；沿主轴

50、像随物同向移， 像与像距同时变 （大或小）；镜不动，上下左右物像反向移；物固定，像随透镜移向同。托盘天平的使用：一放，二调，三测量，左物右码勿搞颠，增减砝码镊子行，先大后小要记牢，砝码不平移游码。左盘等于右加游，记牢数据带单位四、加强知识应用，注重方法指导1在复习中应突出物理过程的分析，重点是理请解题思路，弄懂相关知识， 培养分析和解决问题的能力。 如在例题教学中紧扣知识点选取典型题目， 让学生思考后说出分析方法和解题思路，教师把清楚简洁易懂的思路和分析过程板书，然后让学生自己解决。 简单问题只解读重点和关键， 其余问题全部留给学生自已解决，教师随堂检查抓落实。这样既激发学生的学习兴趣， 又培