英语专业语言学历年真题试卷汇编20_真题-无答案.pdf

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1、英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编 2020( (总分总分 132,132,考试时间考试时间 9090 分钟分钟) ) 1. 填空题1. As the lexical words carry the main content of a language while the grammatical ones serve to link its different parts together, the lexical words are also known as content words and grammatical ones_. (中山大学 2008 研

2、) 2. In traditional grammar, _is the only word class which can function as a substitute for another item. (中山大学 2006 研) 3. In terms of the meaning expressed by words, they can be classified into_words and _words. (南开大学 2007 研) 4. The_is the minimal distinctive unit in grammar, a unit which cannot be

3、 divided without destroying or drastically altering the meaning, whether lexical or grammatical. (北二外 2008 研) 5. There are two fields of morphology: the study of_and the study of_. (人大 2006 研) 6. A_morpheme is one that cannot constitute a word by itself. (北二外 2003 研) 7. _ is a branch of linguistics

4、that studies the interrelationship between phonology and morphology. (南开大学 2007 研) 8. _is a *plex form of compounding in which a new word is formed by joining the initial part of one word and the final part of another word. For example, the English word smog is made from_and_. (人大 2006 研) 9. Back-fo

5、rmation refers to an abnormal type of word-formation where a shorter word is derived by deleting an_affix from a longer form already in the language. (中山大学 2006 研) 10. _is a unit of expression that has universal intuitive recognition by native speakers, whether it is expressed in spoken or written f

6、orm. It is the minimum free form. (中山大学 2005研) 11. Affix is the collective term for the type of formative that call be used only when added to another morpheme. Affixes are limited in number in a language, and are generally classified into three subtypes, namely, prefix, suffix, and_. (北京邮电大学 2010 研

7、) 12. Words can be classified into variable words and invariable words. As for variable words, they may have_changes. That is, the same word my have different grammatical forms but part of the word remains relatively constant (中山大学 2011 年研) 13. Bound morphemes are classified into two types; _and_roo

8、t. 14. A word formed by derivation is called a_, and a word formed by compounding is called a_. 2. 判断题1. Some linguists maintain that a word group is an extension of word of a particular class. (清华2001 研) A. 真B. 假2. Words are the most stable of all linguistic units in respect of their internal struc

9、ture. (大连外国语学院 2008 研) A. 真B. 假3. Nouns, verbs, adjectives and many adverbs are content words. (北二外 2008 研) A. 真B. 假4. Pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions and articles are all open class items. (清华 2001 研) A. 真B. 假5. The words loose and books have a common phoneme and a common morpheme as well. (北二

10、外 2007 研) A. 真B. 假6. Free morpheme may constitute words by themselves. (大连外国语学院 2008 研) A. 真B. 假7. Root also falls into two categories: free and bound. (北二外 2006 研) A. 真B. 假8. A stem is the base form of a word which cannot be further analyzed without total loss of identity. (对外经贸 2006 研) A. 真B. 假9.

11、The words water and teacher have a common phoneme and a common morpheme as well. (北二外 2006 研) A. 真B. 假10. The words boys and raise have a common phoneme and a common morpheme as well. (北二外 2008 研) A. 真B. 假11. Analogic change refers to the reduction of the number of exceptional or irregular morphemes

12、. (对外经贸 2005 研) A. 真B. 假12. The smallest meaningful unit of language is allomorph. A. 真B. 假3. 单项选择题1. Words like pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, articles are_items. (北二外 2003 研) A. open-class B. closed-class C. neither open-class nor closed-class 2. Nouns, verbs and adjectives can be classifie

13、d as_. (西安交大 2008 研) A. lexical words B. grammatical words C. function words D. form words 3. Bound morphemes do not include_. (西安交大 2008 研) A. roots B. prefixes C. suffixes D. words 4. _other *pounds may be divided into roots and affixes. (大连外国语学院 2008 研) A. Polymorphemic words B. Bound morphemes C

14、. Free morphemes 5. _refers to the way in which a particular verb changes for tense, person, or number.(西安外国语学院 2006 研) A. Affixation B. Inflection C. Derivation D. Conjugation 6. Which two terms can best describe the following pairs of words: tabletables, day + breakdaybreak. (大连外国语学院 2008 研) A. in

15、flection *pound B. compound and derivation C. inflection and derivation 7. Compound words consist of_ morphemes. (北二外 2003 研) A. bound B. free C. both bound and free 8. Which of the following words is formed by the process of blending? (对外经贸 2006 研) A. WTO B. Motel C. Bookshelf D. red-faced 9. Which

16、 of the following words are formed by blending? (对外经贸 2005 研) A. girlfriend B. television C. smog D. bunch 10. The word UN is formed in the way of_. (西安交大 2008 研) A. acronymy B. clipping C. initialism D. blending 11. Which of the following is NOT a process of the lexical change? (大连外国语学院 2008 研) A.

17、INVENTION. B. ACRONYM. C. LEXICON. 12. Language has been changing, but such changes are not so obvious at all linguistic aspects except that of_. (西安外国语学院 2006 研) A. phonology B. lexicon C. syntax D. semantics 13. Wife, which used to refer to any woman, stands for a married woman in modern English.

18、This phenomenon is known as_. (西安交大 2008 研) A. semantic shift B. semantic broadening C. semantic elevation D. semantic narrowing 14. It is true that words may shift in meaning, i. e. semantic change. The semantic change of the word tail belongs to_. A. narrowing of meaning B. meaning shift C. loss o

19、f meaning D. widening of meaning 15. A suffix is an affix which appears_. A. after the stem B. before the stem C. in the middle of the stem D. below the stem 4. 简答题1. What is the distinction between inflectional affixes and derivational affixes? (四川大学 2007研) 2. What does the concept morphophoneme me

20、an? What is the relationship between phoneme and morphophoneme?(南开大学 2004 研) 3. What are phonologically conditioned and morphologically conditioned form of morphemes? (武汉大学 2005 研) 4. How are affixes classified? (四川大学 2008 研) 5. A number interesting word-formation processes can be discerned in the f

21、ollowing examples. Can you identify what is going on in these?(a) The deceased's cremains were scattered over the hill.(b) He's always taking pills, either uppers or downers. (上海交通大学 2007 研) 6. How to distinguish root and stem? 7. Illustrate the relationship between morpheme and allomorph by

22、 examples. 8. What are closed-class words and open-class words? 6. 名词解释1. Open-class words (浙江大学 2007 研) 2. Lexical word (武汉大学 2005 研) 3. Morpheme (武汉大学 2008 研) 4. Stem (四川大学 2007 研) 5. inflectional morpheme (南开大学 2004 研) 6. Free morphemes (西安交大 2008 研) 7. Bound morpheme (上海交大 2007 研) 8. Inflection

23、(四川大学 2007 研) 9. Compound (四川大学 2007 研) 10. Allomorph (四川大学 2006 研) 11. Back-formation(四川大学 2008 研；北外 2010 研) 12. Prefix (北外 2010 研) 13. cognate(南开大学 2011 年研) 13. 举例说明题1. Illustrate lexical change proper with the latest examples in English, covering at least four aspects. (大连外国语学院 2008 研) 2. Semantic change plays a very important role in widening the vocabulary of a language. (中山大学 2008 研) 3. Illustrate the ways of lexical change. (武汉大学 2005 研) 4. What are the major types of semantic Changes? (人大 2006 研)