2022年西安交通大学研究生综合英语 .pdf

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1、20052006 学年第 1 学期西安交通大学研究生综合英语(II) 期末考试试题 (b) 姓名学号英语班号考场所在院系考试日期20XX 年 1月 5 日Part One Vocabulary (20 points) Direction: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentences. Then mark your ans

2、wer on the ANSWER SHEET by blacking the corresponding letter with a pencil. 1. Starting with the _ that there is life on the planet Mars, the scientist went on to develop his argument. A. premise B. pretext C. foundation D. presentation 2. After several nuclear disasters, a _ has raged over the safe

3、ty of nuclear energy. A. quarrel B. suspicion C. verdict D. controversy 3. Their diplomatic principles completely laid bare their _ for world conquest. A. admiration B. ambition C. administration D. orientation 4. The director gave me his _ that he would double my pay if I did my job well. A. explan

4、ation B. obligation C. assurance D. certainty 5. The Christmas tree was decorated with shining _ such as colored lights and glass balls. A. ornaments B. luxuries C. exhibits D. complements 6. The two most important _ in making a cake are flour and sugar. A. elements B. components C. ingredients D. c

5、onstituents 7. Cultural _ indicates that human beings hand their languages down from one generation to another. A. translation B. transition C. transmission D. transaction 8. We must look beyond _ and assumptions and try to discover what is missing. A. justifications B. illusions C. manifestations D

6、. specifications 9. No one imagined that the apparently _ businessman was really a criminal. A. respective B. respectable C. respectful D. realistic 10. If nothing is done to protect the environment, millions of species that are alive today will have become _. A. deteriorated B. degenerated C. suppr

7、essed D. extinct 11. The _ of the scientific attitude is that the human mind can succeed in understanding the universe. A. essence B. texture C. content D. threshold 12. The old lady has developed a _ cough which cannot be cured completely in a short time. A. perpetual B. permanent C. chronic D. sus

8、tained 13. What the correspondent sent us is an _ news report. We can depend on it. A. evident B. authentic C. ultimate D. immediate 14. Having had her as a professor and adviser, I can tell you that she is an _ force 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 12 页who pushes her students t

9、o excel far beyond their own expectations. A. inspirational B. educational C. excessive D. instantaneous 15. Some researchers feel that certain people have nervous systems particularly _ to hot, dry winds. They are what we call weather sensitive people. A. subjective B. subordinate C. liable D. vuln

10、erable 16. Hurricanes are killer winds, and their _ power lies in the physical damage they can do. A. cumulative B. destructive C. turbulent D. prevalent 17. In some countries, students are expected to be quiet and _ in the classroom. A. skeptical B. faithful C. obedient D. subsidiary 18. In spite o

11、f the _ economic forecasts, manufacturing output has risen slightly. A. gloomy B. miserable C. shadowy D. obscure 19. Body paint or face paint is used mostly by men in preliterate societies in order to attract good health or to _ disease. A. set aside B. ward off C. shrug off D. give away 20. The in

12、ternational situation has been growing _ difficult for the last few years. A. invariably B. presumably C. increasingly D. dominantly 21. He_ power and became the king of the country upon the death of his father. A. presumed B. resumed C. consumed D. assumed 22. My concerns are not on religious groun

13、ds or on the basis of a perceived _ ethical principle. A. intrinsic B. exotic C. extol D. inalienable 23. General Johnson and his soldiers were accused of _ treatment of prisoners of war. A. mild B. brutal C. fortunate D. tranquil 24. These uses cannot be_ now; nor are they likely to be in the near

14、future. A. justified B. championed C. concealed D. confined 25. Her misery brought her to the _ of tears. A. vandalism B. verge C. vigorous D. zealous 26. His constant attempts to _ his colleagues achievement eventually cause his dismissal. A. withdraw B. diminish C. restrain D. confine 27. That sit

15、uation made her_ down a friends job offer and strike out on her own. A. lie B. hold C. turn D. keep 28. It is time to_ this barbarous custom. A. do away with B. take away C. get away with D. put away 29. Between the hours of his _ pursuit of knowledge, I feel there is many a “ pause that refreshes.”

16、 like a cool drink after a long distance travel. A. arduous B. warm-hearted C. absurd D. ambivalent 30. Everything he said was _ by what happened later. A. obtained B. maintained C. verified D. displayed 31. The young woman _ with an ordinary bank clerk because her parents would not let them marry.

17、A. embittered B. eloped C. endeavored D. estranged 32. She refused to be _ with her younger brother who has no manners at all. A. reconciled B. receded C. reprimanded D. rudiment 33. The population in this little town is _ Chinese. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 12 页A. commonly

18、 B. regularly C. predominantly D. popularly 34. If profits should _ in any field of production, the resulting increase in output would cause price declines. A. appear B. emerge C. cherish D. conceal 35. His speech was careful and _ but his words seemed to make no sense. A. distinguished B. distinct

19、C. distinctive D. distinguishable 36. They decided to help the poor girl whose parents died in a car accident return to the classroom by _ money from the public. A. slaying B.soliciting C. sequestering D. sipping 37. Under the threat of terrorists attacks government has to _ heaps of mails everyday.

20、 A. sift through B. sift out C. sift in D. sift down 38. The ability to laugh starts early, but it takes a lifetime to _. A. compliment B. polish C. perfect D. accomplish 39. His excellent performance _ him from the regular training. A. excused B. hustled C. jostled D. muttered 40. In order to _ par

21、ents expectations, he did the best to achieve his goal to become an excellent student. A. live up with B. live up C. live up to D. live with Part Two Error Identification (20 points) This part consists of 20 sentences. For each of sentences, there is a mistake. You should identify it, and then mark

22、your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blacking the corresponding letter with a pencil. 41. Lake Michigan is the third large of the American Great Lakes and the only one lying wholly A B C within the United States. D 42. Many films produced in the United States during the 1930 s were set in the American

23、 Civil A B C War period and the years following them. D 43. Children who form a positive self-concept are more assertive, optimistic, confidence, and A B sociable than those who do not. C D 44. Intaglio printing is the oppose of relief printing, since the printing is done from ink that is A B C belo

24、w the surface of the plate. D 45. From the outset, the formulation and teaching of technique figured prominently in the A B development of American modern dancer. C D 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 12 页46. Oil sales, which may furnish a significantly fraction of the world s fut

25、ure energy, vary inA B richness, yielding from four to fifty percent oil by weight. C D 47. Government comprises the set of legal and political institutions that regulate the relationships A among members of a society and between the society or outsiders. B C D 48. Niagara Falls is not only one of N

26、orth America s greatest tourist attractions but also source A B C D of hydroelectricity. 49. Although the beaver is a powerful swimmer, it has difficulty moves the logs and braches it A B C needs for building and for food. D 50. True cedars are members of the pine family and are 120 to 150 feet tall

27、, with erect cones and A B C bunches short, needlelike leaves. D 51. Grandma Moses, the well-known American artist, began to paint at the age of 76 when she A B C could no long do needlework because of arthritis. D 52. In warm-blooded animals, body temperature are maintained within narrow limits reg

28、ardless A B C of the temperature of the animals surroundings. D 53. Bret Harte, which best-known works describe life in California in the mid-1800 s, helped A B shape the literary movement called local-color writing. C D 54. With the Democrats adoption of economic radicalism in the 1890 s, and the R

29、epublicans A B C emerged as the majority party in the United States. D 55. The more kinetic energy in the particles of a material, the hottest the material is. A B C D 56. Weather forecasting was of vital important in the seafaring and agricultural lives led by the A B C seventeenth-century European

30、 colonists in what is now the United States. D 57.One common herb of the mint family is thyme, the dried leaves and flowering tops of which is A B C 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 12 页used to flavor many different food. D 58. Birds usually have very well-developed sense of sigh

31、t, and the optic lobes of their brains are A B C correspondingly large. D 59. Peter Cooper launched a number of successful commercial enterprise, including the Canton A B Iron Works in Baltimore, which produced the first commercially operated North American steam C D locomotive. 60. Fainting is caus

32、ed by stoppage of the blood supply to brain, due to temporary heart fail from A B C shock, weakness, or exhaustion. D Part Three Reading Comprehension (40 Points) Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by 4 questions. For each question there are four answers marked A, B, C, and D. Read t

33、he passages carefully and choose the best answer for each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blacking the corresponding letter with a pencil.Questions 61 to 64 are based on the following passage : The process of perceiving other people is rarely translated (to ourselves o

34、r others) into cold, objective terms. She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt. More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas, and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can acco

35、mplish this difficult job very quickly perhaps with a two-second glance. We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who ar

36、e known to you so you can compare the observed persons behavior with the known others behavior; observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for; deliberately structuring the physical or social environme

37、nt so as to observe the persons responses to specific stimuli; asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her; and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person questions, self-disclosures (自我表露 ), and so on. Ge

38、tting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we wont ever fully know another per

39、son, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 12 页accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically (讽刺性地 ),

40、 those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e.g. secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to his development of a satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e.g. disclosures and truthful statements). 61. The word p

41、inpoint (Para. 1, Line 3) basically means _. A. appreciate B. obtain C. interpret D. identify 62. What do we learn from the first paragraph? A. People are better described in cold, objective terms. B. The difficulty of getting to know a person is usually underestimated. C. One should not judge peopl

42、e by their appearances. D. One is usually subjective when assessing other peoples personality. 63. It can be inferred from Bergers suggestions that _. A. people do not reveal their true self on every occasion B. in most cases we should avoid contacting the observed person directly C. the best way to

43、 know a person is by making comparisons D. face-to-face interaction is the best strategy to uncover information about a person 64. In developing personal relationships, secrets and deceptions, in the authors opinion, are _. A. personal matters that should be seriously dealt with B. barriers that sho

44、uld be done away with C. as significant as disclosures and truthful statements D. things people should guard against Questions 65 to 68 are based on the following passage: In the early days of nuclear power, the United States made money on it. But today opponents have so complicated its development

45、that no nuclear plants have been ordered or built here in 12 years. The greatest fear of nuclear power opponents has always been a reactor meltdown (堆内熔化 ). Today, the chances of a meltdown that would threaten U.S. public health are very little. But to even further reduce the possibility, engineers

46、are testing new reactors that rely not on human judgment to shut them down but on the laws of nature. Now General Electric is already building two advanced reactors in Japan. But dont expect them ever on U.S. shores unless things change in Washington. The procedure for nuclear power plants is a bad

47、dream. Any time during, or even after, construction, an objection by any group or individual can bring everything to a halt while the 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 12 页matter is investigated or taken to court. Meanwhile, the builder must add nice-but-not-necessary improvements

48、, some of which force him to knock down walls and start over. In every case where a plant has been opposed, the Nuclear Regulation Commission has ultimately granted a license to construct or operate. But the victory often costs so much that the utility ends up abandoning the plant anyway. A case in

49、point is the Shoreham plant on New Yorks Long Island. Shoreham was a virtual twin to the Millstone plant in Connecticut, both ordered in the mid-60s. Millstone, completed for $101 million, has been generating electricity for two decades. Shoreham, however, was singled out by antinuclear activists wh

50、o, by sending in endless protests, drove the cost over $5 billion and delayed its use for many years. Shoreham finally won its operation license. But the plant has never produced a watt of power. Governor Mario Cuomo, an opponent of a Shoreham start-up, used his power to force New Yorks public-utili