航空航天用铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊接规范-英文版.docx

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1、AWS D17.3/D17.3M:2010An American National StandardSpecication for Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Alloys for Aerospace ApplicationsAWS D17.3/D17.3M:2010An American National StandardApproved by the American National Standards InstituteJuly 1, 2009Specication for Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Al

2、loys for Aerospace Applications1st EditionPrepared by the American Welding Society (AWS) D17 Committee on Welding inthe Aircraft and Aerospace IndustriesUnder the Direction of the AWS Technical Activities CommitteeApproved by the AWS Board of DirectorsAbstractThis specication covers the general requ

3、irements for the friction stir welding of aluminum alloys for aerospace applications. It includes the requirements for weldment design, qualication of personnel and procedures, fabrication, and inspection.AWS D17.3/D17.3M:2010International Standard Book Number: 978-0-87171-758-0American Welding Soci

4、ety, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126 2009 by American Welding Society.All rights reserved Printed in the United States of AmericaPhotocopy Rights.No portion of this standard may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, including mechanical, photocopying, record

5、ing, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only 2 or the internal, personal, or educational classroom use only of specic clients is granted by the American Welding Society provid

6、ed that the appropriate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 232 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel.: (978) 750-8400; Internet:.xAWS D17.3/D17.3M:2010Statement on Use of American Welding Society StandardsAll standards (codes, specications, recommended practices, methods, classications,

7、 and guides) of the American Welding Society are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of the American National Standards Institute. When AWS American National Standard standards are either incorporated in, or made part of, documents that are included in

8、 federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmen- tal bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards must be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become

9、a part of those laws and regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes the AWS standards. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standard must be by agreement between

10、the contracting parties.AWS standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that brings together volunteers repre- senting varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. While AWS administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of

11、 consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether spe- cial, indirect, conse

12、quential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on this standard. AWS also makes no guaranty or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein.In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is not undertaking t

13、o render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competen

14、t professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances.This standard may be superseded by the issuance of new editions. Users should ensure that they have the latest edition.Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent. AWS disclaims li

15、ability for the infringement of any patent resulting from the use or reliance on this standard.Finally, AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.On occasion, text, tables, or gures are printed incorrectly, constituting errata. Such e

16、rrata, when discovered are posted on the AWS web page (www.aws.org).Ofcial interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may be obtained by sending a request, in writing, to the Managing Director Technical Services, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 3

17、3126 (see Annex E). With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. However, such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individualsgiving them. These individuals do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these or

18、al opinions constitute ofcial or unofcial opinions or interpretations of AWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an ofcial interpretation.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS D17 Committee on Welding in the Aircraft and Aerospace

19、 Industries. It must be reviewed every 5 years and if not revised, it must be either reapproved or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations, additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are requested and should be addressed to AWS Headquarters. Such comme

20、nts will receive careful consideration by the AWS D17 Committee on Welding in the Aircraft and Aerospace Industries and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committees response to the comments. Guests are invited to attend all meetings of the AWS D17 Committee on Welding in the Aircraf

21、t and Aerospace Industries to express their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of the Technical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJ

22、eune Road, Miami, FL 33126.AWS D17.3/D17.3M:2010This page is intentionally blankAWS D17.3/D17.3M:2010PersonnelAWS D17 Committee on Welding in the Aircraft and Aerospace IndustriesR. B. Maust, III, ChairE. C. Helder, 1st Vice ChairG. W. Coleman, 2nd Vice ChairR. Starks, SecretaryJ. T. AminR. BeilP. J

23、. CecilW. CollierP. DaumH. S. Dilcher, IIIR. J. DingR. J. DurdaJ. FournierJ. B. JacksonD. LindlandS. H. MurrayD. S. PonderC. K. RussellM. E. SappC. SauerD. SenatoreT. TrappJ. G. VollmerM. E. WebberB. D. WrightRaytheon Integrated Defense Systems GE Aircraft Engines (Retired)The Boeing Company America

24、n Welding SocietyLockheed Martin Aeronautics Company Northrop Grumman CorporationThe Boeing CompanyDelta Airlines Technical Operations Rolls Royce CorporationLockheed Martin Aeronautics Company NASA Marshall Space Flight Center Spirit AeroSystemsPratt & Whitney CanadaNASA Glenn Research Center Pratt

25、 & WhitneyNASA Kennedy Space Center Triumph Airborne StructuresNASA Marshall Space Flight CenterNAVAIR In-Service Support Center Cherry Point NAVAIR In-Service Support Center Cherry Point Wulco, IncorporatedGE Aircraft Engines The Boeing CompanyRaytheon Integrated Defense Systems Advantage Aviation

26、TechnologiesAdvisors to the AWS D17 Committee on Welding in the Aircraft and Aerospace IndustriesD. E. BellH. D. BusheldR. FreemanW. P. GarrisonA. GuinassoI. D. HarrisE. M. LorenceG. Loy KraftM. J. Lucas, Jr.A. OpenshawG. J. StahleThe Boeing Company Busheld AssociatesTWI The Welding Institute Pratt

27、& WhitneyThe Boeing Company Edison Welding InstituteAircraft Welding & Manufacturing Company Oklahoma Air Logistics Center, Tinker AFB Belcan CorporationAtlantic Research CorporationATK Launch SystemsAWS D17.3/D17.3M:2010AWS D17J Subcommittee on Friction Stir WeldingD. R. Bolser, ChairR. J. Ding, Vi

28、ce ChairM. Rubin, SecretaryG. W. ColemanD. G. KinchenJ. S. SandersonI. StolT. StotlerG. D. SylvaJ. G. VollmerD. WaldronThe Boeing CompanyNASA Marshall Space Flight Center American Welding SocietyThe Boeing CompanyLockheed Martin Michoud Space Systems Kaiser Aluminum CorporationAluminum Company of Am

29、erica EWI Edison Welding Institute Spirit AeroSystemsThe Boeing Company Advanced Joining TechnologiesAdvisors to the AWS D17J Subcommittee on Friction Stir WeldingH. BusheldR. B. Maust, IIIBusheld AssociatesRaytheon Integrated Defense SystemsAWS D17.3/D17.3M:2010ForewordThis foreword is not part of

30、AWS D17.3/D17.3M:2010, Specication for Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Alloys for Aerospace Applications, but is included for informational purposes only.In the fall of 1993, aerospace welding personnel gathered together under the auspices of the American Welding Society (AWS) to develop an aerosp

31、ace fusion welding specication to replace MIL-STD-1595A,Qualication of Aircraft, Missile, and Aerospace Fusion Welders, and MIL-STD-2219, Fusion Welding for Aerospace Applications. The result of this initial meeting was the formation of the AWS D17 Committee on Welding in the Aircraft and Aerospace

32、Industries. The overriding theme voiced by the committee members was that the aviation industry had changed and a new specica- tion was needed. In 2001, after years of hard work by the committee members, the American Welding Society issued AWS D17.1:2001, Specication for Fusion Welding for Aerospace

33、 Applications.Specications used for aerospace welding deal primarily with fusion welding, except for the relatively few that deal with friction welding. Fusion welding is used to produce the vast majority of large, structural, welded components, as opposed to friction welding, which usually is used

34、to join smaller, circular cross-section detail parts. In 1991, The Welding Institute, in England, patented a new welding process called Friction Stir Welding (FSW). The question soon arose as to which requirements were necessary to specify and control this new welding process. Fusion welding specica

35、tions could not adequately address FSW because it is a solid-state welding process. Friction welding specications also could not adequately address FSW process because unlike friction welding, FSW process uses a third body, the welding tool.The AWS D17 Committee on Welding in the Aircraft and Aerosp

36、ace Industries determined that it was necessary to form a subcommittee to write a specication for friction stir welding. It was appropriate that the setting for the subcommittees kickoff meeting was at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Kennedy Space Center is where the rst friction stir welded co

37、mmercial aerospace component, the fuel tank for the Delta launch vehicle, went into service. Representatives from industry, welding institutes, government agencies and universities met to dedicate themselves to form a specication for the friction stir welding of aluminum for aerospace applications.

38、AWS D17.1:2001,Specication for Fusion Welding for Aerospace Applications served as the model for this specication.Comments and suggestions for the improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent to the Secretary AWS D17 Committee on Welding in the Aircraft and Aerospace Industries, Ame

39、rican Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126.AWS D17.3/D17.3M:2010This page is intentionally blankAWS D17.3/D17.3M:2010Table of ContentsPage No.PersonnelvForewordviiList of TablesxiList of Figuresxi1. Scope11.1 Units of Measure11.2 Health and Safety12. Normative References13. Terms

40、and Denitions24. General Requirements74.1 Classication74.2 Approval.84.3 Drawing Precedence84.4 Specication Precedence85. Design of Weld Joints85.1 Weldment Design Data85.2 Drawing Information Requirements96. Development and Qualication of a Welding Procedure96.1 General.96.2 Selection of a Welding

41、Procedure Qualication Method106.3 Preparation of a Preliminary Welding Procedure Specication (pWPS)116.4 Welding126.5 Evaluation of Test Welds.126.6 Welding Procedure Qualication Record (WPQR).136.7 Welding Procedure Qualication Variables146.8 Welding Procedure Specication (WPS).176.9 Revising a WPQ

42、R or WPS.177. Welding Operator Qualication177.1 Qualication Requirements177.2 Qualication Limitations.187.3 Qualication/Certication Validity207.4 Test Records.208. Fabrication218.1 Welding Equipment Requirements218.2 Friction Stir Welding Tool.218.3 Preweld Joint Preparation and Fit-Up218.4 Preheat

43、Temperature Control.218.5 Tack Welds218.6 Welding218.7 Postweld Surface Preparation21AWS D17.3/D17.3M:20108.8 Weld Identication Requirements.218.9 Acceptance Inspection.229. Inspection229.1 General.229.2 Inspection Personnel229.3 Visual Weld Inspection229.4 Nondestructive Testing229.5 Acceptance Cri

44、teria22Annex A (Normative)Illustrations of Test Specimens and Test Fixtures25Annex B (Informative)Example of a Welding Operator Qualication Test Record Form29Annex C (Informative)Examples of Welding Procedure Specication Forms31Annex D (Informative)Examples of Welding Procedure Qualication Record Fo

45、rms.33Annex E (Informative)Guidelines for the Preparation of Technical Inquiries39List of AWS Documents on Welding in the Aircraft and Aerospace Industries41AWS D17.3/D17.3M:2010List of TablesxiTable6.16.26.36.49.1Page No.Sequence for Qualifying a Welding Procedure Specication.9Methods for Qualifyin

46、g a Welding Procedure11Destructive Tests Required for Qualifying a Welding Procedure.12Efciency Requirements for Welded Butt Joint Tensile Strength17Acceptance Levels for Discontinuities23List of FiguresFigure3.13.23.33.43.53.63.73.83.93.106.16.26.36.46.57.17.27.37.4A.1A.2A.3A.4B.1C.1C.2D.1D.2Page No.Friction Stir Welding Nomenclature.2Angular Distortion of the Joint3Cavity3Flash4Heel and Heel Plunge Depth.4