2022年文献翻译建筑060330陈晨 .pdf

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1、个人资料整理仅限学习使用0 / 8 毕业设计 ( 论文文献翻译课题名称启东林洋大酒店方案设计院系）建筑学院专业建筑学专业姓名陈晨学号P1601060330 起讫日期指导教师张伟郁 2018 年 02 月 21 日毕 业 设 计 during the life cycle of buildings (including building materials production, planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance, and demolition, and minimizing the buildings impac

2、t on the environment. Green buildings are also labeled as “ Eco -Buildings” or “ Sustainable Buildings”.I. The significance of promoting the energy efficient and green buildings.As a man-made environment, buildings play an integral part in physically and spiritually satisfying the demand of human be

3、ing. However, due to the excessive pursuing of physical pleasure plus the over-exploitation of the natural resources, modern buildings have not only segregated the connection and communication between human beings and the nature, but also produced heavy burden on the natural environment and resource

4、s. According to statistics, more than 50 of the materials man gathered from the nature are used for the construction of all kinds of buildings and their attached utilities, and another 50 of the world energy are consumed during the construction and utilization of those buildings. Among environmental

5、 pollutions, construction-related air pollution, light pollution and electromagnetic pollution accounts for 34。 construction waste makes up 40 of the trash produced by human. In the developing countries, the skyrocketing construction aggravates the misuse of land and the destruction of the ecologica

6、l environment. China, in its process of industrialization and urbanization and with the objective of maintaining 7-above annual growth rate of GDP in the next 15 years, will be faced with serious bottleneck of resource limitation and environmental deterioration. The situation shows that it is impera

7、tive for China to promote energy efficient and green buildings in the process of sustainable development.Through the scientific and systematic design, incorporated with such new and high technologies as green fittings, natural ventilation, natural lighting, low energy exterior protection system, new

8、 energy, water reuse, green building materials, intelligent control and so on, green buildings have with it six features: calculated site planning, efficient energy circulation, effective and comprehensive energy saving, healthy and comfortable building environment, innocuous and small amount of was

9、te discharge, and flexible and convenient in functions. It could not only satisfy the physical and mental need of human beings, but also reduce the impact on the natural environment with its efficient energy consumption.Mr.President, Hu Jintao has pointed out that we shall develop land-saving housin

10、g, popularize energy efficient technology, and establish energy saving, material saving and water saving code。 we shall utilize the resources in a thrifty way and apply the recycling methods in order to pursue the sustainable development of the economic society. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and Vice-P

11、remier Zeng Peiyan has reaffirmed that construction energy saving is not only an economic issue but also an important strategy. The development of energy saving technology and green buildings is an important approa ch in the construction field for pursuing the essential thought of “ Three Represents

12、” and the spirit of the 16th National Congress. It carries out the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 8 页个人资料整理仅限学习使用2 / 8 scientific view of development, emphasizes the value of human beings, integrates the development of the economy and

13、the society, and promotes the harmonization between the human beings and the nature. The purpose of this approach is to adjust the real estate structure, transform the mode of increase in the building and economy sector and promote the adjustment of economic structure. The principle lies in the thri

14、fty utilization and recycling of the energy, thus facilitating the comprehensive utilization of the resources, building the saving-type society and developing the cyclic economy. It reflects that China is now sticking to its healthy developing path towards production development, wealthy life and so

15、und environment. As a critical link in the process of energy saving and safeguarding national energy safety, this approach constitutes an essential method to solve such problems in the construction field as high investment, high consumption, heavy pollution and low profit, and it is the strategic wo

16、rk for the reform and upgrading of the traditional construction and construction material industry, facilitating the healthy, coordinated and sustainable development of the construction cause. II. Works have been done relating to energy efficient and green buildingsThe Designing Standard for Energy

17、Conservation in Civil Building of the Northern Areas 1986 was the landmark of Chinese energy efficient work. After almost two decades, great achievements have been made in the following aspects:(1. Energy efficient design standard system with the goal of saving 50 of the energy has been set up 。 (2.

18、 Law system with The Regulations for the Administration of Energy Conservation in Civil Buildings as the principle has been set up 。 (3. Technology supporting system of energy efficient building has been set up 。(4. Several pilot projects of energy efficient building has played the leading role of C

19、hinese energy efficient building construction。(5. Through international cooperation, advanced technologies and management experience have been introduced in China.According to incomplete statistics,there were 320 million square meters of energy efficient buildings in urban China, saving 10.94 millio

20、n tons of standard coal, discharging CO2 223.26 million tons.At the same time, the ideology of sustainable development has been widely accepted by the international community, and green architecture has been more and more attached importance to. Beijing Charter , which had been issued in the 20th Wo

21、rld Architect Convention Beijing 1999 of World Architect Association, clearly required that the sustainable development would be the working standard of all architects and engineers in the new century. China has done great job in the development of green buildings: the key tech-research of green arc

22、hitecture has been developed。 “ National for Green Buildings Innovation Award” has been set 。 many practices have been made in office buildings, libraries of colleges and institutions, urban residential communities, rural housing and other types of building.III. Problems to be addressed(1 The lack o

23、f acquaintanceshipWe shall place energy conservation and green buildings at the strategic level as implementing the scientific view of development, building a well-off society in an all-round way, safeguarding national energy and promoting the sustainable development.(2. The lack of efficient incent

24、ive policies and powerful law and regulationsThe national policies have long laid particular stress on the energy efficient of industry and traffic, while energy efficient and green buildings lacks efficient encouragement policies and powerful laws and regulations. There are no existing laws and reg

25、ulations in China with operational rewards and punishment methods to force all benefit parties to participate in the saving of energy, land, water and materials. The Designing Standard for Energy Conservation in Civil Buildings issued by Ministry of Construction as a ministry regulation has far less

26、 strength.(3. The 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 8 页个人资料整理仅限学习使用3 / 8 lack of the communication platform of new technology, new material, new fittings and new design and management patterns.In the western developing countries, the energy efficient and green architecture has dec

27、ades of histories. In some country, great achievement of economic development and lower the energy consumption has been made. To systematically introduce those successful experience and technology into China would help China to promote energy efficient and green architecture and spreading the relati

28、ng new technology, new product and new management patterns.(4. The system of standards and norms has not been formed.The comparatively improved standard system of energy efficiency for residential buildings has preliminarily been shaped up, which enforces the designing standard for energy saving as

29、50 for three climate areas one after another, but the standards for public and industrial buildings have not yet been promulgated and the comprehensive standard system for the building energy saving, the land, water and material efficiency and the environmental protection has not been set up.(5. The

30、 effective administrative regulatory framework is not in place.Importance has not been attached to the administrative functions related to energy efficiency and green buildings. Present administrative system is not effective with weak regulation. In some localities, management is even out of control

31、.(6. The energy structure in cities is not reasonable and resources are wasted severely.Nowadays, by maintaining coal as the major energy source, the Chinese cities still remain unreasonable energy structure. The high quality energy such as natural gas and other clean renewable resources such as sol

32、ar energy, geothermal energy, wind energy etc. are slimly utilized in buildings. At present, 2 billion square meters of new housing are built annually in urban and rural areas in China, over 80 of which are the ones with high-energy consumption. Among 40 billion square meters of existing buildings,

33、over 95 are the ones with high-energy consumption. The energy consumption per construction unit area in China is twice to three times the one in the developed countries. This caused heavy energy burden and serious environmental pollution that become the outstanding problem constraining the sustainab

34、le development of China. Meanwhile, during the construction, there exist problems such as low utilizing rate of land resources, serious water pollution and high consumption of building materials. IV. The main tasks of developing energy efficient and green buildingsThe guiding ideas to develop energy

35、 efficient and green buildings are, with a view to adhering to the scientific view of development and fulfilling the sustainable development of construction sector, to make major efforts to launch the campaigns of resource conservation and environmental protection including the efficiency of energy,

36、 land, water and materials and promote the development of energy efficient and green buildings.The train of thought: 1.To push the work on from all aspects including regulations and policies, norms and standards, disseminating measures, and tackling hard-nut problems in science and technology, etc.

37、2.To regulating the overall process from setting-up a project, planning, designing, examining drawings, construction, supervising, checking up, checking upon completion, approving the selling to maintenance. 3.To promulgate and enforce the standards of energy, land, water and material efficiency as

38、well as environmental protection. 4.To use work methods featured by guiding according to classifications, regional coordination, promoting comprehensively and implementing by dividing different stages. 5.To encourage the involvement of the whole society, besides the governments, designing units, org

39、anizations for examining drawings, constructors, supervisors, quality supervision organizations, developers, property management enterprises and the broad 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 8 页个人资料整理仅限学习使用4 / 8 masses of the people. The objectives: Through overall promotion, by 202

40、0 the general objective will be fulfilled, i.e. upgrading projects to improve the energy efficiency of most existing buildings will be finished and all the new buildings will save 65 energy. At the same time, the eastern areas are encouraged to reach a higher level of energy saving。 the dynamic equi

41、librium between newly-constructed areas and overall saved lands is expected sustained basically。 the water saving rate in the process of construction and utilization can be improved by more than 30 comparing with the present level 。and the total consumption of irrenewable resources by new buildings

42、can be dropped by over 30 nowadays amount. By the year 2020, the level of resource saving in construction sector in China is expected to approach or reach the one in the moderately developed countries at present. The remarkable economic and social effect will be achieved which can change the way of

43、economic growth notably.Major measures: 1.To establish and improve the policies and regulation framework of developing intelligent and green buildings。2.To perfect the technical standard supporting system of intelligent and green buildings。3.To set up the effective administrative regulatory system f

44、or developing intelligent and green buildings。 4.To intensify the international exchanges and cooperation, training and publicity campaign as well.At present, to put up a platform for exchanging advanced technology and management experience of intelligent and green buildings is extremely urgent. “ T

45、he 1st International Conference on Technologies of Intelligent and Green Buildings & the 1st International Expo on Technologies and Products of Intelligent and Green Buildings” which will be held in this March is such a platform jointly put up by our Ministry and relevant departments home and abroad

46、 in order to enhance the international exchanges and cooperation and improve the technical and management level of green buildings in China. We are doing efforts to make the Conference an annual great international event with authoritative, forward-looking and wide-ranging characteristics. Mr. Wang

47、Guangtao, our Minister is the chairman of organizing committee, I am the executive director, Mr. Zhou Ganzhi, our former vice minister and members for the two Academies is the director of academic guiding committee of the Conferece. The sponsors are the Ministry of Construction, the Ministry of Scie

48、nce and Technology of the Peoples Republic of China, Department of Trade and Industry of the United Kingdom, Housing Department of Canada, Construction Department of Singapore, and the Construction Development Commission of India. The five themes of the Conference are as follows: 1.The overall desig

49、ning theory, methods and cases of intelligent and green buildings。2.The intelligent technology for buildings。 3.The technology and products of energy efficiency。 4.The technology of green ecology。 5.The technology and equipment of green building materials.Up to now, the preparation work has been alr

50、eady finished. 2,000 participants including government officials, entrepreneurs, experts and scholars devoting to the field of energy efficient and green buildings from all over the world will attend the conference. It will not only give a strong impetus to the development of intelligent and green b