2022年高考英语一轮提能训练：外研版必修3Module4 .pdf

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1、- 1 - / 8 外研版高考英语一轮复习提能训练Module 4Sandstorms in Asia 能力闯关.单词拼写1P_ismoreimportantthanresult. 2Theresalotof_( 灰尘 )onyourface. 3Somethingshouldbedonetopreventtheriverfrombeingp_. 4Youngasheis，his_( 力量，力气 )isgreat. 5ManyBeijingc_cycletowork. 6Weatherexpertshave_(预报 )anotherbigsandstorminaweek stime. 7The

2、companylaunchedahugeadvertisingc_. 8Weshouldtryourbestto_( 回收利用 )thewastematerials. 9Qingdaoisa_( 沿海的 )city. 10C_raindiddamagetotheenvironment. 答案： 1.Process2.dust3.polluted4.strength5.citizens6.forecast7.campaign8.recycle 9coastal10.Chemical .单项填空1IwasjusttalkingtoMargaretwhenJackson_. AcutinBcutdo

3、wnC cutoutD cutup 解读： 句意：我正在跟Margaret 交谈，这时杰克逊插嘴了。本题考查cut 的短语意义。cutin 插嘴，打断别人说话；cutdown 砍倒，减少； cutout 剪下，删节；cutup 切碎。答案： A 2 Bobs_thebranchesfromthetree.Goand_forfirewood.Bill! DoyouthinkI mreally_forthiskindofwork? Acutaway；cutthem up； cutthroughBcutoff ；cutthemdown ；cutthrough Ccutaway；cutthemup；c

4、utoutDcutoff ；cutthemdown；cutout 解读： 句意： “Bob 已把树枝从树上砍掉，Bill ，你去把它砍碎做柴禾。”“ 你认为我真的生来适合干这种活吗？”cutaway“砍掉 ” 之意， cutoff “切断，隔绝” ；cut.up“ 砍碎”；cutout“剪除，割掉 ”；cutthrough“取捷径 ”。答案： A 3 Whatsthematterwithyou? Afterthelongwalk ，mylegs_andIcouldn tgoanyfurther. AgaveoutBgaveoffCgaveinDgaveup 解读： 句意： “ 你怎么不舒服？”

5、“ 走这么长的路，我的腿没劲了不能再走了”。答案： A 4ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle_. AtobeheardBtohaveheardChearingDbeingheard 解读： 句意：孩子们吃饭的时候说话的声音非常大，我不得不极力(提高嗓门 )让其他人听清我的话。我说话是被别人听见，故排除主动选项B、C。不定式表示目的，故A 正确。答案： A 5ThereisnothingmoreIcantry_youtostay ，soIwishyougoodluck. AbeingpersuadedB persuad

6、ingC tobepersuadedDtopersuade 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 8 页- 2 - / 8 解读： 句意：既然我没有办法说服你留下来，我只好祝你好运。Icantry_youtostay为定语从句，先行词为nothingmore 将其代入后为：Icantrynothingmoretopersuadeyoutostay.我没有办法说服你留下来。由此可看出topersuade在本句中作目的状语。答案： D 6Sheshowedgreatconcern_herson. AinB toCforD at 解

7、读： concernfor 关心，挂念。答案： C 7ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiang，whowasreported_theworldrecordinthe110- meterhurdlerace. AbreakingB havingbrokenC tohavebrokenDtobreak 解读： 句意：人们看到刘翔就欢呼起来，曾报道他打破了110M 跨栏世界纪录。根据句意： report 后接不定式 ,A、B 排除，打破纪录是发生过的事情，所以用不定式的完成式来表达。答案： C 8Whenaskedwhyhewentthere， hesaid

8、hewassentthere_foraspaceflight. AtrainingB beingtrainedC tohavetrainedDtobetrained 解读： 句意：当问及他为何去那里时，他说他被派往那里作太空飞行训练。根据句意可知 he 与 train 之间为被动关系，所以排除A、 C 两项；而设空处在句中应作目的状语，所以要用不定式，故排除B项。答案： D .翻译句子1裁缝正根据我自己的尺寸把衣服改小。(cutdown) _ 2我再也没力气抱着你往前走了。(carry) _ 3我们储存的食物快要吃光了。(giveout) _ 4我非常挂念她。(concernabout) _

9、5调查人员主张应当改善工地安全措施。(urge) _ 答案： 1.Thetailoriscuttingdownmydresstomyownmeasure. 2Idonthavethestrengthtocarryyououtanyfurther. 3Ourfoodsuppliesaregivingout/runningout. 4Iamveryconcernedabouther. 5Investigatorsurgedthatsafetyproceduresatthesiteshouldbeimproved. .完形填空We were flying from Los Angeles to Wa

10、shington ， D.C.，when I 1a lavatory call light in the coach cabin.There I found a young mother struggling with her kids.Everything was a 2，and the mother，who was near craziness，told me she had no more diapers(尿布 )or other 3 on board the aircraft. Through her tears，she informed me that they had 4 thei

11、r flight the previous night in 5and because she had very little money，she and her son had spent the night on the airport floor.Since she hadnt 6to miss the flight ，she was forced to use up most of her supplies and7money she had to feed them. As she stood in front of me，crying，holding her beautiful s

12、on，I could see the8and 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 8 页- 3 - / 8 hopelessness on her face.And，as a mother of threebeautifuldaughters ，Icouldfeelher_9_. Iimmediatelyaskedfor_10_fromtheotherflight_11_.Theybroughtclothtowelsfromfirstclasstoassistin_12_upbothmomandtheinfant.ThenI

13、askedseveralfamiliesiftheycould_13_extradiapers，formula(配方奶 )andclothesforthechild.Aftertheyoungmotherandhersonhadchangedtheir_14_andthebabyhadgonetosleep，Isatwithher，holdingherhand，tryingto_15_somesupportand_16_fortheremainderoftheflight. Oncewe_17_，themotherthankedmeforallIhaddone；shesaidsoftly, “

14、Yourenottheflightattendant；you reaskyangel.”_18_myflightattendant_19_，shecontinued, “ Andthoseareyourangelwings. ”_20_thosewordssheturnedandwalkeddownthejetway，herchildinherarms，andboardedtheplaneforNewHampshire. 【解题导语】遭遇困境的母亲和孩子在乘务组人员的帮助下渡过难关，他们对作者的帮助十分感激。 作者也在经历了这次事件之后对人生有了新的认识。1A.repliedB answere

15、dCdealtwithD solved 解读： 卫生间有呼叫灯闪烁，作者过去看了看。answer 指“ 答复，进行解决，给予帮助”。其他各项均无此意。答案： B 2A.massBmessCmixtureD embarrassment 解读： 由下文的描述可知整个是一团糟。mess“ 乱七八糟 ”。答案： B 3A.clothB clothesCdiapersDclothing 解读： 从乘务组提供的物品来看，应该超出了衣服的范畴，因此用clothing 合理。答案： D 4A.missedB caughtCdelayedDlost 解读： 由文意推断是“错过了 ”前一晚的航班，用miss。答案

16、： A 5A.WashingtonB NewHampshireC LosAngelesD NewYork 解读： 因为此次航班是从洛杉矶飞往华盛顿的，故此处选LosAngeles。答案： C 6A.supposedBexpectedCplannedDscheduled 解读： 延误航班是她没有料到的，用expect。答案： B 7A.howeverB wholeCwhateverDtotal 解读： 由文意知她被迫花光了所有钱，whatevermoney“所有的钱 ”。答案： C 8A.despairB hopefulnessCcrazinessDsorrow 解读： 从上文的struggle

17、 等动作和她与孩子的遭遇来看，她是绝望的，选despair；亦可由其后的并列名词推出。答案： A 9A.acheB misfortuneC woundD pain 解读： 此处主要指精神上的痛苦，用pain。答案： D 10A.foodB moneyCassistanceDdiapers 解读： 由下文的描述知是寻求帮助，用assistance。答案： C 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 8 页- 4 - / 8 11A.passengersBfamiliesC attendantsDpilots 解读： 从他们提供的c

18、lothtowelsfromfirstclass以及后来作者又向带孩子的乘客们寻求帮助，可知这里是向乘务员寻求帮助的。答案： C 12A.pickingB wrappingC clearingDcleaning 解读： 由前文所叙可知求助的母亲和孩子狼狈不堪，故此处是他们擦洗干净。答案： D 13A.spareB shareCprovideD donate 解读： 其他乘客应是匀出一些额外的尿布等，用spare。答案： A 14A.clothingB clothesCclothD diapers 解读： 由上文可知作者给孩子找来了替换衣服，故此处指他们换衣服。答案： B 15A.devoteB

19、 provideC contributeD leave 解读： 由作者的一系列动作可知她是给这位母亲支持。provide“提供 ”。答案： B 16A.suppliesB accompanyCcomfortD courage 解读： 与 support 并列使用， comfort 最佳。答案： C 17A.landedB tookoffC separatedDgotoff 解读： 由下文 “ 这位母亲走下飞机”可知此处指飞机着陆，用land。答案： A 18A.TouchedB TouchingCTotouchDHavingtouched 解读： touching 为分词做伴随状语，与she为

20、主谓关系。答案： B 19A.decorationsB wingsCrewardsD prizes 解读： wings 在此意为 “ 飞行勋章 ”。答案： B 20A.AfterB SayingC WithD Speaking 解读： with 短语在此处做伴随状语。答案： C 阅卷现场(教师用书独具 ) 问题二：推理判断题常见问题问题描述与分析推理判断是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，作出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。学生在此类问题上失分较多，主要是无法准确找到答案的位置点，很难进行正确推理。典例精析：【 例1 】 Wehave

21、mettheenemy, andheisours.Weboughthimatapetshop.Whenmonkey- pox ，adisease.usuallyfoundintheAfricanrainforest, suddenlyturnsupinchildrenintheAmericanMidwestit shardnottowonderifthediseasethatcomesfromforeignanimalsishominginonhumanbeings. “ Mostoftheinfections(感染)wethinkofashumaninfectionsstartedinoth

22、eranimals ”，saysStephenMorse，精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 8 页- 5 - / 8 directoroftheCenterforPublicHealthPreparednessatColumbiaUniversity. Itsnotjustthatweregoingtowheretheanimalsare。werealsobringingthemclosertous.Popularforeignpetshavebroughtawholenewdiseasetothiscountry.Ast

23、rangeillnesskilledIsaksen spetsandshenowthinksthatkeepingforeignpetsisabadidea.“Idontthinkit sfairtohavethemaspetswhenwehavesuchalimitedknowledgeofthem, ” saysIsaksen. “Lawsallowingtheseanimalstobebroughtinfromdeepforestareaswithoutstrictercontrolneedchanging，” saysPeterSchantz.Monkey-poxmaybethewak

24、e-upcall.Researchersbelieveinfectedanimalsmayinfecttheirowners.Weknowverylittleaboutthesenewdiseases.Anewbug(病毒)maybekindatfirst.Butitmaydevelopintosomethingharmful(有害的).Monkey- poxdoesntlookamajorinfectiousdisease.Butitisnotimpossibletopassthediseasefrompersontoperson. (D)1.WelearnfromParagraphltha

25、tthepetsoldattheshopmay_ AcomefromColumbia Bpreventusfrombeinginfected Cenjoybeingwithchildren Dsufferfrommonkey- pox (A)2.Thetextsuggeststhatinthefuturewe_. Amayhavetofightagainstmorenewdiseases Bmayeasilygetinfectedbydiseasesfromdogs Cshouldnotbeallowedtohavepets DshouldstopbuyingpetsfromAfrica 【答

26、案解读】1选择D。推理判断题。根据第一段的第一、二句话可知，我们从宠物商店购买的动物身上携带疾病，能传播给人类。下面以猴痘为例说明作者的观点。2 选择A。推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后两句Anewbugmaybekindatfirst.Butitmaydevelopintosomethingharmful.Monkey-poxdoesntlookamajorinfectiousdisease.Butitisnotimpossibletopassthediseasefrompersontoperson可知，人类今后可能面临更多疾病的挑战。【例2】AyearagoAugust, DaveFussl

27、osthisjobdrivingatruckforasmallcompanyinwestMichigan.Hiswife, Gerrie, wasstillworkinginthelocalschoolcafeteria, butworkforDavewasscarce, andthepriceofeverythingwasrising.TheFusseswereatriskofjoiningthemillionsofAmericanswhohavelosttheirhomesinrecentyears.ThenDaveandGerriereceivedatimelygift $7,000，a

28、legacy(遗产)fromtheirneighborsIshandArleneHatch, whodiedinanaccident. “Itreallymadeadifferencewhenweweregoingunderfinancially.”saysDave. Butthe FusseswerenttheonlyfolksinAltoandtheneighboringtownofLowelltoreceiveunexpectedlegacyfromtheHatchesDozensofotherfamiliesweretouchedbytheHatches.generosity.Inso

29、mecases, itwasafewthousanddollars 。 inothers，itwasmorethan$100,000. ItsurprisednearlyeveryonethattheHatcheshadsomuchmoney, morethan$3million theywereanelderlycouplewholivedinanoldhouseonwhatwasleftofthefamilyfarm. ChildrenoftheGreatDepression，IshandArlenewereknownfortheirhabitofsaving.Theythrivedon(

30、喜欢)comparisonshoppingandwouldroutinelygofromstoretostore, checkingpricesbeforemakinganewpurchase. Throughtheyears, theHatchespaidforlocalchildrentoattendsummercampwhentheirparentscouldn taffordit. “IshandArleneneveraskedifyouneededanything，”saystheirfriendSandyVanWeelden, “Theycouldseethingstheycoul

31、ddotomakeyouhappier ，andtheywoulddothem. Evenmoreextraordinarywasthatthe Hatcheshadtheirfarmlanddistributed.ItwastheHatches wishthattheirlegacyalegacyofkindnessasmuchasoneofdollarsandcentsshouldenrichthewholecommunity( 社区 )andlastforgenerationstocome. Neighborshelpingneighbors thatwasIshandArleneHat

32、ch sstory. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 8 页- 6 - / 8 (B)1.WhywouldtheHatchesroutinelygofromstoretostore? ATheydecidedtoopenastore BTheywantedtosavemoney CTheycouldn taffordexpensivethings DTheywantedtobuygiftsforlocalkids (A)2.AccordingtoSandyVanWeelten, theHatcheswere_. Aund

33、erstandingBoptimisticC childlikeD curious 【答案解读】1选择 B。推理判断题。第四段提到他们有节约的习惯，买东西前喜欢一个商店一个商店地比较价格，显然是为了省钱，所以答案为B。其他各项明显与文意不符。2选择A。从第五段SandyVanWeelden的话可推知， theHatches 从来不问你需要什么，而是能够发现你需要的东西，然后就来帮助你，这说明他们非常善解人意，所以A 项正确，其他选项均不符合文意。【例3】Everyyearabout80,000peopleworldwidetravelasaircouriers.Thenumberofticke

34、tsforcouriertravelisgrowingbyabout10percentayear.However, air-couriertravelisn tforeveryone.Butifyouhaveverylittlemoney, canbeflexible(灵活的)aboutyourtravelplans, anddontmindwearingthesameclothesforaweek, itcanbeagreatwaytotakeavacation! (A)Oneofthedisadvantagesoftravelingasanaircourieristhathe_. Acan

35、notdecidewhenandwheretotravel Bcannottakeanyluggagewithhim Chastoweartwopairsofjeans Dsaveslittlemoneyfromthetravel 【答案解读】选择A。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句可知这个旅行计划随意性、灵活性很大，所以本题选A。【例4】Iwaswaitingforaphonecallfrommyagent.Hehadleftamessagethenightbefore, tellingmethatmyshowwastobecancelled.Icalledhimseveraltimes, bu

36、teachtimehissecretarytoldmethathewasinameetingandthathewouldcallmelater.SoIwaitedandwaited, buttherewasstillnocall.Threehourspassingby, Ibecamemoreandmoreimpatient.Iwascertainthatmyagentdidn tcareaboutmywork, andhedidntcareaboutme.Iwasovercomewiththatthought.Istartedtoshoutatthephone, “Letmewait, wi

37、llyou? Whodoyouthinkyouare？”(B)Whydidtheauthorshoutatthetelephone? AHewasmadatthetelephone. BHewasangrywithhisagent. CHewasanxiousabouthiswife. DHewasimpatientwiththesecretary. 【答案解读】选择 B。推理判断题。根据文中第一句内容可知，我给经纪人多次打电话都没有打通，等了三个小时之后还要继续等，我认为这是经纪人不关心我的工作，不在乎我的感受，最终导致了我情绪的爆发。【例5】Sometimes, thesimplestid

38、easarethebest.Forexample, toabsorbheatfromthesuntoheatwater, youneedlarge, flat, blacksurfaces.Onewaytodothatistobuildthosesurfacesspecially, ontheroofsofbuildings.Butwhygotoallthattroublewhencitiesarefullofblacksurfacesalready, intheformofasphalt( 柏油 )roads? Tenyearsago, thisthoughtcameintothemindo

39、fAriandeBondt, aDutchengineer.Hefinallypersuadedhisbosstofollowitup.Theresultisthattheirbuildingisnowheatedinwinterandcooledinsummerbyasystemthatreliesonthesurfaceoftheroadoutside. Theheat-collectorisasystemofconnectedwaterpipes.Mostofthemrunfromonesideofthestreettotheother, justundertheasphaltroad.

40、Some, however, divedeepintotheground. Whenthestreetsurfacegetshotinsummer, waterpumpedthroughthepipespicksupthisheatandtakesitundergroundthroughoneofthedivingpipes.Ata精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 8 页- 7 - / 8 depthof100metresliesanaturalaquifer(蓄水层)intowhichseveralheatexchang

41、ers(交换器 )havebeenbuilt.Thehotwaterfromthestreetrunsthroughtheseexchangers, warningtheground- water, beforereturningtothesurfacethroughanotherpipe.Theaquiferisthususedasaheatstore. Inwinter, theworkingsystemischangedslightly.Waterispumpedthroughtheheatexchangerstopickuptheheatstoredduringsummer.Thisw

42、atergoesintothebuildingandisusedtowarmtheplaceup.Afterperformingthattask, itispumpedu ndertheasphaltanditsremainingheatkeepstheroadfreeofsnowandice. (D)1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs? AAriandeBondtgothisideafromhisboss. BLarge, flat, blacksurfacesneedtobebuiltincities. C

43、TheDutchengineer ssystemhasbeenwidelyused. DHeatcanalsobecollectedfromasphaltroads. (D)2.Forwhatpurposearethedivingpipesused? AToabsorbheatfromthesun. BTostoreheatforfutureuse. CToturnsolarenergyintoheatenergy. DTocarryheatdownbelowthesurface. (B)3.Fromthelastparagraphwecanlearnthat_ Asomepipeshavet

44、obere-arrangedinwinter Bthesystemcandomorethanwarmingupthebuilding Ctheexchangerswillpickupheatfromthestreetsurface Dlessheatmaybecollectedinwinterthaninsummer. 【答案解读】1.选择D。推测判断题。由文章第二段最后一句内容可以得出“可以从外面的柏油马路上收集热量”。2选择D。推测判断题。由文章第四段中“waterpumpedthroughthepipespicksupthisheatandtakesitundergroundthroug

45、honeofthedivingpipes.”内容得出答案。3 选择B。推测判断题。由文章最后一段最后一句“itispumpedundertheasphaltanditsremainingheatkeepstheroadfreeofsnowandice. ” 内 容 可 知 ， 这一系统不只是给楼房加热，它还要使马路上的冰雪消融。解决方案与指南1常用提问方式为：(1)Itcanbeinferredthat_. (2)Whichofthefollowingconclusionscanwedraw/cometoaccordingtothepassage? (3)Wecanconcludefromth

46、epassagethat_. (4)Accordingtothepassage, wecaninferthat_. (5)Thepassageimplies, butdoesntdirectlystatet hat_. (6)Thetoneofthepassageis_. (7)Theauthorofthearticleisprobablya_. (8)Thewritersuggeststhat_. (9)Wecaninferfromthearticlethat_. (10)Whatisthewriter sattitudetoward_ ？2.解题方法(1)抓住特定信息逆向或正向推理。做此类

47、试卷要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正向推理，推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。(2)整合全文 (段 )信息合理进行推断。做推理题时，有时需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目有关的有用信息，综合起来去推理判断，确定最佳结论，忌“ 见树不见林 ”。(3)利用语境褒贬适当进行信息推断。几乎每篇文章的语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性及精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 8 页- 8 - / 8 变化的标志性

48、词汇或句子对我们掌握文章主旨大意，了解主人公的心理特点及发展变化，从而正确地进行逻辑推断很有好处。(4)根据文章结论推断作者态度。作者的态度、倾向是指作者对陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不定，对记叙或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。(5)根据上下逻辑大胆得出结论。逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。做这类

49、题时应把握作者的写作思路，预测下文可能发展的内容。文章可能按事件发展的经过描写，也可能按因果关系，对比关系来描写。必须注意的是： 读者不可根据自己的主观臆断毫无根据地下结论； 所得结论必须符合作者的意图。(6)结合已有知识正确进行推断。知识推断是根据文章中所阐述的细节，运用自己掌握的基础知识进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原意的结论的一种推断方法。知识推断题一般都针对细节。解答此类题，不仅需要我们有一定的社会基础知识，而且需要对文章细节以及有关背景知识有一个充分的理解。(7)根据篇章结构进行判断推理。根据不同文章的内容和写作目的，作者会采取记叙、描写、议论、说明或应用文体。作者也会采用叙述、例

50、证、比较对照等不同的组织结构。不同文体的阅读难度、要求和任务不同，阅读方法也应不同。增强对篇章结构的理解能力有助于提高阅读质量。直击高考与警示此题型要求考生纵览全文，在汇集全文提供的各项信息的基础上，进行正确的逻辑推理，推断作者的情感态度，人物的动机、目的、性格特征；事件的前因后果以及作者写作的手法，此类题属于深层理解题，要把握这类题必须透彻理解全文，认真探究句意，注意逻辑关系及有关的生活常识。考生做题时一定要整体理解语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去把握作者的“弦外之音”。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - -