2022年高中英语必修4Unit1知识点详解 .pdf

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1、第 1 页 共 13 页Book 4 Unit1 Women of achievement1、achievement n.1 C 成就，功绩：have a sense of achievement 有成就感2 U 到达，完成：【即学即练1】 Although medical science_control over several dangerous diseases,what worries us is that some of them are returning. B.has achieved C.will achieve D.had achieved 【即学即练2】 It s thro

2、ugh learning that the individual _many habitual ways of reacting to situations.2、put.to的三个主要含义：1使某人在某地或或某种状况下，尤指睡觉、休息或死亡：She put her child to bed. 2问问题；提建议：I put a question to him. 3以某种方式试验某人或某事：Let s put the matter to a vote. 【即学即练3】At last the government put the criminal _by hanging him. A.to die

3、B.to death C.to be dying D.into death 【即学即练4】I was hoping Mr Brown could _for a few days. A.put me in B.put me down C.put me on D.put me up 3、welfare n U1 幸福，健康；福祉：Our only concern is the children s welfare.我们唯一关心的是孩子们的幸福。2对有个人或社会问题的人提供的帮助；福利welfare benefits/services/programmes：the provision of educ

4、ation and welfare services提供教育和福利服务3 政府向穷人或失业者发放的救济金on welfare ：Most of the people in this neighborhood are on welfare.这一街区的大多数人都领取福利救济。4、project v1 T预计，推断be projected to do sth： Total expenditure is projected to rise by 25%. 总开支预计增加25%。2 I 凸出，突出： projecting teeth龅牙+ out/from/through etc Four towers

5、 projected from the main building.从主楼上凸出来四个塔楼。3 T 放映；投射project sth onto sth：She projected the slide onto the wall. 她将幻灯片投射到墙上。4 T 呈现出 样子，表现自己project yourself (as sth)： his attempts to project himself as a potential leader他试图表现出自己作为未来领导的样子5计划，预定the projected closure of the hospital计划关闭这所医院6 project y

6、our voice 放开声音使大房间的每个人都能听见7 T 传播： The plant projects its seeds over a wide area. 那种植物可以把种子散播到很大的范围。8 T使某人迅速成功；让某人迅速获得更好的工作project sb into/onto etc sth：His success projected him onto Channel 4 s comedy series Packet of Three .他的成功让自己跻身于第四频道的系列喜剧三人帮中。9 T 想象他人具有自己的思想感情；把自己的感情投射到他人身上project sth on/onto

7、sb：You re projecting your insecurity onto me.你在把自己的不安全感强加到我身上。5、specialist n 专家1 specialize vi.专注 ,专攻，specialize in sth专攻.major in主修.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 13 页第 2 页 共 13 页2 specialty n.专业，特长6、campaign n./v.1 n. C运动 ,活动 ;战役：+to do为(做)的；+for/against 为/反对的The campaign to

8、seize the city was a failure. 攻占这个城市的战役失败了。The city hall is planning to start a campaign against smoking. 市政府计划发起禁烟运动。2 vi. 作战；参加运动+ for/against/to do They are campaigning to save the area from building development.他们正开展一场反对在这个地区进行房地产开发的运动。3 campaigner n.竞选者，参军者，出征者，老兵【即学即练5】The company is starting

9、a new advertising _to attract customers. 7、organize v1 T 组织，筹划，安排活动：The course was organized by a training company. 2 T 组织，安排人员做某事organize yourself ：The scientists need to organize themselves and work as a team. 这些科学家要组织起来，作为一个团队来工作。3 T to 管理，安排manage也有此意思He doesn t need you to organize his life for

10、 him. 他不需要你来安排他的生活。Organize yourself to arrive at places on time. 你要安排好时间，准时到达预定地点。4 T 排列，编组：We are learning about how genes are organized. 我们在了解基因是如何排列的。5organized adj. 有组织的； 有条理的， 有安排的：井井有条地in an organized way这个短语要多用6 organization n.组织，机构，团体：世贸组织WTOthe World Trade Organization 8、behave v I1表现+ tow

11、ards I think he behaved disgracefully towards you.我觉得他对你太不像话了。+ like grown men behaving like schoolboys表现得像小学生一样的成年男子behave as if/though：He was a little boy, but he behaved as if he was an adult. 他是个小男孩，可表现得跟大人一样。2举止规矩有礼；检点OPP misbehave：Behave yourself! 规矩点! Will you children please behave! 你们这些孩子能不

12、能规矩一点！well-behaved/badly-behaved：a badly-behaved class 不守规矩的班级3 always + adv/prep 作出反应，发生作用Quantum mechanics is the study of the way atoms behave. 量子力学是研究原子运动的学科。4 be on one s good/best behavior行为检点，举止规矩【即学即练6】根据中文提示完成句子：1 I want you to _( 举止得体 )while I m away. 2 I m sorry about what I did last nigh

13、t _( 我太幼稚了 )【即学即练7】 (2009 湖南六校联考)The children do not know how to _ themselves at the party. AactBperform Cbehave Dadvance9、concern v/n一 vt 1 be the business of sth,be important to,affect影响，对 .有重要性Don t interfere in what doesn t concern you. The loss was a tragedy for all concerned. 2关于： a report tha

14、t concerns drug abusev/n 滥用，谩骂.concerning(=respecting) prep.关于. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 13 页第 3 页 共 13 页3concern oneself with/in/about sth忙于 .，对 .感兴趣： There is no need to concern yourself with this matter,we are dealing with it. 4使 .担忧，烦恼，打搅.：Our losses are beginning to

15、concern me. 5 to whom it may concern敬启者写在正式信函开头的一句套话，用于写信人不知道收信人的时二 cn/un 1 U 忧虑，担忧，关切+ for our concern for human rights我们对人权的关注+ about/over/with the rise of concern about the environment对环境越来越多的关注concern that ：increased concern that the war could continue for a long time怕战争会长期继续下去而日益增加的担忧be a cause

16、 for concern/cause concern ：The activities of the far right have been a cause for concern for a while now.极右分子的活动引起关注已经有一段时间了。2 C 担忧的事，关切的事Education remains the electorate s main concern.教育仍是选民主要关心的问题。3 C,U关系到你自己的重要的事情of concern to sb ： topics of concern to television viewers 4 singular, U 关爱，关心：+ f

17、or parents loving concern for their children 5 sb s concern 某人的责任： The money side of the business is your concern. 这件事钱的方面由你负责。6 not sb s concern/none of sb s concern 某人不感兴趣的事；与某人无关的事His affairs were none of her concern. 他的私事与她无关。【即学即练8】 The farmers are concerned _their farmland,because it is concer

18、ned _their food.A.for,about B.about,for C.about,with D.with,about 【即学即练9】All the memories of his childhood had _ from his mind by the time he was 65. A.faded B.illustrated C.confined 【即学即练10】_money,she is quite rich.However,this does not mean that she is happy. B.As to C.In terms of D.In the sight o

19、f 10、shade n/v1 un. 荫；阴凉处： I saw him sitting in/under the shade of a tree. 我看见他坐在树荫下。重点词组： in the shade 在阴凉处，默默无闻：The actress still remains in the shade . 2 vt. 遮住光线，遮蔽，蔽荫： Trees shade the streets. 重点词组： shadefrom/against 使免受 的照射 She shaded her eyes from/against the sun. shade into sth 渐渐与 分辨不清，逐渐变成

20、His impatience shaded into anger. 他由不耐烦逐渐变成了愤怒。3 shadow 影子，阴影是一个平面；而shade 是一个立体空间，指遮挡阳光的地方。【即学即练11】 (2009 宜春期末 )AIDS is spreading all over the world at a shocking speed. Where its dark _ appears，we see pain，tears and death. Ashape B shadow C ambition Dmark 【即学即练12】 Nobody yet knows how long and how

21、seriously the _in the financial system will drag down the economy. 11、move off 离开；启程；出发Last night he moved off without saying goodbye to me. 其他 move 的短语： move about 四处走动，转换工作；move away 搬走； move in 迁入新居； move down 下降等级； move up 上升，晋升； move on 开始做别的事，换话题；move out 搬出去，迁出【即学即练13】 It was decided to _ the

22、 search when there was no hope of finding the missing girl.Acall off Bmove off C keep off D move away 【即学即练14】They had planned to _in the morning but were stopped by the storm. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 13 页第 4 页 共 13 页A.move out B.move over C.move away D.move off12、worth

23、adj 只能做表语 be (well) worth doing ( 很)值得做 主动形式表被动意义1 重点词组： get one s money worth 使某人的钱花的有价值；worth one s salt 称职的； for what s it worth不管怎样；worth it有用的，值得的值得做某事be worthy to be done =be worthy of being done =be worthy of + n. 牢记3 worthwhile adj. 值得做的；值得花费时间精力的；可作定语和表语a worthwhile experiment/job. The expe

24、riment is worthwhile. 做某事是值得的It is worthwhile to do sth；It is worthwhile doing sth；be worth one s while to do/doing 4 be worth + 钱数： The bicycle is worth 50.这辆自行车值50 英镑。【即学即练15】 The problem he put forth at the meeting was _.Which one of the following is WRONG? A.worth thinking over B.worthy to consi

25、der C.worthy of being thought over D.worthy of consideration s only an unsuccessful fake and so it s _. 13、observe vt.1T not in progressive 看到，注意到，观察到 observation n.观察，预测，监视observer n.目击者；under observation在观察中;在监视中observe that ：It was observed that 40 percent of patients had high blood pressure. obs

26、erve sb doing/do sth：Officers observed him driving at 90 miles per hour. 2 I,T 观察，监视，观测：The police have been observing his movements. 。3 T 说，评论： Sid looks ill, Doherty observed. 4 T 遵守，奉行法律或协议observance n.对法律、习俗的遵守So far the ceasefire has been observed by both sides. 遵守着停火协定。5 T 遵守，奉行宗教或习俗，庆祝：Some p

27、eople observe Christmas here. 6 表示 “ 使，让 ” 的动词 make, have 等，以及感官动词see , watch,observe, feel,hear,listen to,look at等，变为被动语态，成为主语补足语的不定式时，必须带toHe observed her come across the street. She was observed to come across the street. 【即学即练17】 (2011 广西百校联考)It is required that all traffic participants should_t

28、he traffic rules to make traffic safer and safer. 【即学即练18】All individuals are required to _to the laws made by their governments. 14、respect v/n1 v/n 尊敬；敬重respect for sb./ sth. 尊重某人 /某事； gain/earn/win ones respect 赢得某人的尊重；show/pay respect for sb.尊敬某人； out of respect for sb 出于对 .的尊敬； hold sb.in respe

29、ct 尊敬某人；give/send one s respects to sb待某人向某人问好=remember sb to sb 重点词组： in all respect=in every respect在各个方面； in respect of/to关于，对 .来说； with respect to关于； in no respect 无论在哪方面都不是 ，完全不是 ；without respect to不考虑 ；不管 3词汇辨析1respectable ：of acceptable social position,decent and proper in appearance or behav

30、ior of a moderately good standard or size,not bringing disgrace or embarrassment 2respected：admired by many people because of your good work or achievements 3respectful ：feeling or showing respect ，be respectful of/towards.4respective：belonging or relating separately to each of the people or things

31、already mentioned 5respecting：formal about or relating to sth 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 13 页第 5 页 共 13 页【即学即练19】Complete the sentences with the words above: 1、We were brought up to be _of authority. 2、Go and make yourself look _. 3、Economic growth has averaged at a _ 2.5 p

32、er cent. 4、A discussion took place _the provision of science teaching. 5、He is highly _ for his novels and plays. 6、After the party we all went off to our _rooms. 【即学即练20】-What do you think I should do?-I think you should call him back_. A.in all respect B.out of respect C.with respect D.in several

33、respects 【即学即练21】This is the most vital respect _civilized man can be distinguished from primitive communities. B.in which C.with which 【即学即练22】根据中文提示完成句子：1、他因老实而深受大家的尊敬：He _ by everyone for his honesty. 2、你认为这部电影在哪一方面有失偏颇？_ do you think the film is biased? 【即学即练23】 According to official statistics,

34、retail sales in China rose 10% and 12.2% in the first and the second quarter _this year. D.individually 15、argue vt/vi 争论，争辩，说服，用辩论证明1 重点词组：argue for. 为而争论；为 而辩护； argue against 争辩 (反对 ) argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做 /不做某事 =persuade sb into/out of doing2 argument n.争论，争辩，论点：have an argument wi

35、th sb 与某人争论；an argument for/in favor of赞成 的理由； put forward an argument提出论点【即学即练24】Mike often argues _his friend _small things angrily,which sometimes makes his friend very unhappy. A.with,for B.with,about C.to,for D.to,about 【即学即练25】He argued _smoking and insisted that it was _argument that smoking

36、was harmful to health. A.for,beyond B.against,over C.for,over D.against,beyond16、entertainment C,U1 C,U 娱乐节目；娱乐活动The town provides a wide choice of entertainment. light entertainment (= comedy) 喜剧； the entertainment industry/business/worldfun 娱乐业 /界圈 重点词组： find entertainment in以.为乐； much to one s en

37、tertainment 让某人感到极有趣的是2 U 招待，款待，招待会：the entertainment of friends招待朋友 重点词组： give an entertainment to sb找待某人； give a farewell entertainment to sb为 .进行欢送会3 entertain I,T 使快乐；使有兴趣A museum should aim to entertain as well as educate. 博物馆应该致力于成为娱乐和教育功能并重的场所。entertain sb with sth： She entertained the childr

38、en with stories, songs and drama. 她又讲故事又唱歌， 还演戏，把孩子们逗得很开心。【即学即练26】In this poor country,survival is still the leading industry,all else is _. 17、同源宾语：1 live a happy/bitter life ，live a dog s life 过着困苦的生活2 dream a .dream 做.的梦： dream a strange dream 3 dance a .dance：dance a beautiful dance 4 sleep a go

39、od sleep 5 die a .death.地死去： die a heroic death 英雄般的死去精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 13 页第 6 页 共 13 页6 sing a .song唱一首 .的歌18、crowd v.1 I always + adv/prep 群集，聚集；拥挤+ into Hundreds of people crowded into the church for the funeral.数百人拥进教堂参加葬礼。+ round/around We all crowded round t

40、he table. be crowded together ：the rapid spread of infection in areas where people are crowded together传染病在人群聚集的地方迅速蔓延2 T 挤满，塞满：Holidaymakers crowded the beaches. 3 T 想法或观点塞满脑子：Strange thoughts and worries were crowding his mind. 4 crowd in 问题或想法涌上心头，涌入脑海+ on She shut her mind against the fears that

41、 crowded in on her. 她克制自己不去想那些涌上心头的恐惧感。Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding in on me. 我心乱如麻5 crowd sb/sth out 把挤出，排挤： Supermarket chains have crowded out the smaller shops. 【即学即练27】Memories _on him when he met the friend who he had heard nothing of for over thirty years. A.crowded in B.resu

42、lted in C.joined in D.gave in 19、inspire vt1鼓舞 ,激励inspire + n. / sb. to n. / sb. to do ：We were inspired by his speech. 2激起 ,引发 (感情 ,思想 ) inspire sth. in sb. / inspire sb. with sth The father inspired confidence in his son.= The father inspired his son with confidence. 3赋予 .灵感 ,给.以启： The memory of h

43、is childhood inspired his first novel. 4派生： inspiration: n. 鼓舞；灵感；启示；inspired: adj.(人、作品 )得到灵感的；有灵感的；inspiring: adj.鼓舞的，激励的5后缀 -spire 表示 “ 呼吸 ” 之意：aspire v.热望；立志a加强 +spire看到渴望的东西加强呼吸 热望conspire v.同谋 con 共同 +spire同呼吸 同谋expire v. 断气；期满 ex 出+spire只出气不进气断气inspire v.吸气；鼓励 in 进+spire吸气进去，引申为鼓励perspire v.出

44、汗 per 全部 +spire全身呼吸 出汗respire v.呼吸；恢复精神(re 再+spire再呼吸 恢复精神【即学即练28】It is very strange but I had an _that the plane would crash. 【即学即练29】He had lived illegally in the United States for five years after his visitor s visa(签证 )_.20、support一 v 【主要掌握13 点的意思和用法】1支持；赞成；拥护support sb in (doing) sth ：We need t

45、o support our teachers in their efforts to raise standards.我们必须支持我们的教师为提高教学水准所作的努力。2支持，帮助，援助处于困难时期的人My wife supported me enormously. 3供养，抚养support sb by (doing) sth ： She supports her family by teaching evening classes. 她靠教夜课养家。support yourself ：I have no idea how I am going to support myself. 我不知道如

46、何来养活我自己。4出钱帮助，为提供资金，资助：There are a handful of charities which I support regularly. 5支撑，承受某物的重量The middle part of the bridge is supported by two huge towers.桥的中部由两个巨型桥塔支撑。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 13 页第 7 页 共 13 页6证明，证实：The results support our original theory. 这些结果证明了我们原先的理

47、论。7维持 的生存： healthy soil that can support plant life可维持植物生长的健康土壤8 support a habit 支付不良习惯的花费，用钱维持不良习惯尤指吸毒He turned to crime to support his habit. 为了维持自己的恶习，他走上了犯罪道路。二 n 1 U 支持；拥护；赞同+ for There was widespread support for the war. in support(of)：He had the full support of the general committee. 2 U 同情；鼓

48、励；帮助I couldn t have made it through those times without the support of my boyfriend Rob. 3 U 资助；赞助：with sb s support：With your support, we can help these youngsters. 4 C,U 支撑物；支柱；支架；支座：for support ：She grabbed at his shoulders for support. 5 U 、证明，证据+ for My own research provides some support for th

49、is view.我自己的研究为这一观点提供了一些证据。【即学即练30】Bob s father didn t _him to be a musician. A.stand 21、refer to (referred; referring) vi.1提到，谈到：We agreed never to refer to the matter again. + as He likes to be referred to as Doctor Khee .他喜欢别人叫他“ 基博士 ” 。+ by The hospital now refers to patients by name, not case n

50、umber. 2参考，查看，查阅reference n.参考书，介绍信：a reference book 参考书； a reference library 参考书阅览室He gave the speech without referring to his notes. 脱稿3认为 .起源于；涉及，关于；有.归属于；归咎于；归于 The figures refer to our sales in Europe.这些数字是我们在欧洲的销售额。 Mr White referred his success to his hard work. 怀特先生说他的成功是靠勤劳工作而获得的。 The scien