2022年高考英语二轮语法精讲精练-名词性从句 .pdf

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1、学习好资料欢迎下载高考英语二轮语法词汇复习系列第十章名词 性 从 句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses)。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。高考重点要求：1、 掌握主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句的基本句型结构2、 弄清名词性从句的连词的用法和意义3、 根据句子语义确定使用何种从属连词第一节知识点概述一 、 引 导 名 词 性 从 句 的 连 接 词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为两类：1. 名词性that 从句，即以

2、that 为连接词的名词性从句。that 只能起连接主句和从句的作用，不充当从句的任何成分，无词义。2. 名词性 wh-从句，即以wh-词连接的名词性从句。Wh-词包括：连接代词： who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词： when, where, how, why 连接词 whether, if 不充当句子的任何成分。二 、 主 语 从 句1. 用作主语的从句叫主语从句。that 从句作主语，that 不能省略。That he likes such kind of books is very inter

3、esting.他喜欢这种书是非常有趣的。Whether he will be able to come remains a question. 他是否能够来仍然是一个问题。What he is looking for is none of your business. 他在找什么与你无关。2. 很多主语从句都可以用that 作形式主语。例如：It is very interesting that he likes such kind of books. It remains a question whether he will be able to come. 3. It 作形式主语主要包括以

4、下几种类型和搭配关系：1） It + be + adj. + 从句It was obvious that the driver could not control his car. 2）It + be + n. + 从句It is a pity that he missed the lecture. 3） It + be + 过去分词+ 从句It is said that they have won the game. 4） It + be + vi. + 从句It seems that something is wrong with the computer. 三 、 表 语 从 句精选学习

5、资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 8 页学习好资料欢迎下载表语从句在句中作表语，它位于主句的联系动词之后。that 从句作表语， that 不能省略。表语从句只用whether，不用 if 。The problem is that smokers cannot go without smoking. 问题是抽烟的人不抽烟就会感到难受。The question is whether it is worth doing. 问题是这是否值得做。This is where he has worked for years. 这就是他多年工作

6、的地方。四 、 宾 语 从 句宾语从句在句中作宾语，引导宾语从句的that 可以省略。 whether 和 if 可互换，但介词宾语或有or not 时，用 whether. They know that the habit may kill them. 他们知道这个习惯能使他们致死。They doubt whether or not Jack is a good student. 他们怀疑Jack 是否是一个好学生。They wanted to see which shops offered the best advice and service. 他们想了解哪家店提出的建议和提供的服务最好

7、。五 、 同 位 语 从 句同位语从句中先行词不充当从句成分，从句是用来解释先行词的内容。That 从句作同位语， that 不能省略。Word came that our football team had won the match. 消息传来， 我们的足球队赢了比赛。May I ask a question when the meeting will be held? 我能否问个问题，会议什么时候举行？第二节实战演练一 、 复 习 时 需 注 意 的 要 点1. 由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。 That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词

8、义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语2. 主句和从句要保持时态上的一致性，从句还要保持陈述句语序。3. 当从句是由选择问句转化而成时，一定要用whether 构成 whether.or 结构。4. That-从句作主语通常用it 作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。Its a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。用 it 作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种

9、不同的搭配关系：a. It + be + adj. +that 从句It is necessary that有必要It is important that 重要的是It is obvious that 很明显精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 8 页学习好资料欢迎下载b. It + be + 过去分词+ that 从句It is believed tha t 人们相信It is known to all that 从所周知It has been decided that已决定c. It + be + n. + that 从句

10、It is common knowledge that 是常识It is a surprise that令人惊奇的是It is a fact that 事实是d. It + be + vi. +that 从句It appears that似乎It happens that碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起5. 选择性疑问从句选择性疑问从句由关联词whetheror 或 whether or not 构成，例如：Please tell me whether they are Swedish or Danish. 请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。I dont care w

11、hether you like the plan or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。二 、 历 届 高 考 试 题 分 析例 1、_ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires 答案为 C 【解析】本句的结构为It is + 动词的过去分词+that 引导主语从句。经常用于这种结构的动词还有say, rep

12、ort, think, hope, expect, consider, suggest 等。例 2、There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _ road conditions need_. A. that .to be improved B. which.to be improved C. where .improving D .when.improving 答案为 A。【解析】 考查同位语从句。因为先行词在从句中不作任何成份，因此用关系词that，故 B、C、D 均不正确。对于第2 个空格， need

13、 既可作实义动词，又可作情态动词。作实义动词时后跟动词不定式，即need to do sth.，另外road conditions 与 improve 之间是被动关系，因此是 need to be improved(need to be done=need doing)。译文：私家车受欢迎所涉及到的新问题是道路状况需要改善。例 3、 _made the school proud was_ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What; because B. What; that C. T

14、hat; what D.That; because 答案为 B。【解析】what 引导主语从句，在主语从句中作主语；that 引导表语从句，在表语从句中精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 8 页学习好资料欢迎下载起连接作用。例 4、Theres a feeling in me _well never know what a UFO is not ever. A. that B. which C. of which D. what 答案为 A。【解析】同位语从句that well never know what a UFO i

15、s not ever 作 a feeling 的同位语，解释 a feeling 的具体内容。 that 连接同位语从句时，只起连接作用不作从句的任何成分。译文：我有一个这样的感觉，我们不会知道什么是UFO永远不会。例 5、Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why 答案为 A。【解析】这是一个表语从句，what 在表语从句中作takes 的宾语，构成“It takes sth. to do sth.”的句型。译文：坚定不移

16、是一种品质坚定不移使人们做好任何事情。例 6、When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _he wants. A. what B. which C. when D. that 答案为 A。【解析】这是一个宾语从句，wants 后面缺少宾语，所以要填写what。 Always give the monkey exactly what he wants 是一句谚语，意思是“永远不折不扣地给予对方他想要的东西。 ”译文：当你

17、在找工作面试回答问题时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远不折不扣地给予对方他想要的东西。例 7、Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as 答案为 B。【解析】这是一个同位语从句。that 引导从句作information 的同位语，解释information的具体内容。 注意：that 和 what 引导名词性从句(主语、 宾语、 表语和同位语从句)的区别：that 引导名词性从句，只

18、起引导作用，在从句中不作成分。that 引导宾语从句时，that 可省略，而在其他三个从句中，that 虽不作成份，一般也不省略；what 在这四个名词从句中一定作成分，作主语、宾语、表语或补语。译文：有消息说，更多的中学毕业生将进入大学。例 8、What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. why 答案选 C。【解析】这是一个表语从句。根据doubt 一词可知，所怀疑的应是是否能治好病，所以要填 whet

19、her。这句话的意思是“医生真的怀疑我妈妈是否能从重病中很快康复。”例 9、 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 8 页学习好资料欢迎下载答案为 A。【解析】这是一个why 引导的表语从句，表示原因。这句话的意思是“这就是你为什么离开几天的原因吗?”例 10、_she couldnt understand

20、 was _fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. A. What.why B. That.what C. What.because D. Why.that 答案选 A。【解析】主语从句she couldnt understand 缺少宾语，要用What 引导。表语从句fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons 是一个完整的句子，要用 why 引导，意思是“为什么越来越少的学生对她的课感兴趣”。第三节巩固练习Direction: Beneath each

21、 of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer that completes the sentence. 1. _ the 2012 Olympic Games will be held in Paris is not known yet A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. A. while B. that C

22、. if D. for 3._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 4.The whole family were worried about Jane because no one was aware _she had gone . A. that where B. of the place which C. of what D. of where 5._ he said at the meeting astonished e

23、verybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 6._ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 7._ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The reason C. Whoever D. Who 8._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What

24、B. That C. How D. Where 9._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever 10.The question remains _the Party can win the majority of the people . A. that B. if C. whether D. / 11. I remember_ this used to be a quiet village. A. when B. how C. where D.

25、 what 12. You can t imagine_ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were excited 13. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A .anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 14. Can you ma

26、ke sure_ the gold ring ? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 8 页学习好资料欢迎下载C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 15. No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look li

27、ke what D. what look will man like 16. Can you tell me_ ? A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman 17. They want to know_ do to help us. A. what can they B .what they can C. how they can D. how can they 18. Would you please tell me_ the air

28、port ? A. how I can get to B. how can I get to C. where I can get to D. where I can get to 19. It was a matter of_ would take the position. A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever 20. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see_. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 21. Little Tommy was

29、 reluctant to tell the school master _ he had the day before. A. that B. how C. where D. what 22. Go and get your coat. It s_ you left it.A. there B. where C .there where D. where there 23.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella._I got wet through. A.It s the reason B.That swhy C.There swhy D.It s

30、how24.It is important _you win or lose ; what matters is how you play the game . A. whether B. as if C. whom D. that 25. There was much certainty _the board of directors would agree to our various proposals for increasing sales. A. which B. why C. / D. that 26. They have no idea at all_. A. where he

31、 has gone B.there did he go C.which place has he gone D.where has he gone 27. Greenland, _ island in the world, covers over two million square kilometers. A. it is the largest B. that is the largest C. is the largest D.the largest 28._ is no possibility_ Bob can win the first prize in the match A. T

32、here that B. It that C. There whether D. It whether29. We will soon discuss the problem _we should take some effective measures to protect the animals and plants in our region. A. if B. whether C. that D. ever since 30._ is quite clear. A. Where is the fighting B. Why is the fighting C. What war is

33、D. What is war being 31.The reason _ he didn t come to our party was _ he took a missing boy back home on his way. A. why becauseB. why thatC. that whyD. that that32._ that not all government officials are honest. A. It seems to me B. In my opinion, I believe 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - -

34、- - -第 6 页，共 8 页学习好资料欢迎下载C. My believing is D. I think in my mind 33._ is more and less advanced can pass the test. A. Anyone B. Who C. Whoever D. A student 34. _ land ownership in some counties is unfair _ obvious. A. What isB. Whether are C. That is D. If is35.The reason I plan to go is _if I don

35、t.A. because she will be disappointed B. that she will be disappointed C. because she will have a disappointment D. on account of she will be disappointed 36. She wanted to know_. A. whether I knew her and where did she work B.if I know her and the factory she worked there C.whether I knew her and t

36、he factory she worked D.if I knew her and the factory where she worked 37. My father wouldn t tell me_ his new car.A. how much he paid for B. how much did he pay C. he paid how much for D. did he pay how much 38. A simple experiment shows_ air has some strength. A. what B. that C. which D. who 39.I

37、can t tell _A. what one my brother likes best B.which one my brother likes best C.that one does my brother like best D.which one does my brother like best 40._we are doing has never been done before. A. That B. Which C. whether D. What 41.The book looks _it had been out in the rain. A. that B. wheth

38、er C. as though D. what 42.She said that she _there for two years. A. has worked B. had worked C. was working D. worked 43. He said that he _us A. will help B. would help C. is helping D. helped 44. Now we have learned _ A. what is heat B. whether heat is C. when is heat D. what heat is 45.She _ tha

39、t she lives in London. A. said B. says C. had said D. was saying 46.I want to leave my car. Can you tell me _near here? A. if there is a car parkB. is there a car park C. if there is parking D. is there a parking 47.Can you tell us _? A. who that man is B. who is that man C. what is that man D.Whom

40、that man is 48.He asked me if _? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 8 页学习好资料欢迎下载A. he train will late B. the train always arrived late C. the train arrives on time D. the train stops here 49.He asked me _ I sat so still. A. where B.how C.why D.which 50.I wonder _. A. how much cost

41、these shoes B. how much do these shoes cost C. how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost 第十章名词性从句1. C 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. B 18. A 19. A 20. D 21. D 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. B 40. D 41. C 42. B 43. B 44. D 45. B 46. A 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. C 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 8 页