2022年高考英语阅读理解猜词技巧 .pdf

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1、读书破万卷下笔如有神高考英语阅读理解猜词技巧1.利用定义或解释 (definition or explanation) Signal words: means, refers to, be called, be known as ,can be defined as, in other words,that is , that is to say, 定语从句.etc. 举例：Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots( 嫩芽） , or young leaves of trees.(B) The

2、word pruning means_ A. Regular cutting （修剪）of the plants B. Frequent watering C. Regular use of chemicals D. Growing the plants high in the mountain 2.利用普通常识和经验 (common sense or experience) 举例：1. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today ocelot means _(an endang

3、ered wild cat) 2.The period of adolescence, the period between childhood and adulthood ,may be long or short. adolescence means_(The period between 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页读书破万卷下笔如有神childhood and adulthood) 3.利用同义 /同位语 (similarity/appositive) Signal words ：for example

4、 ，for instance ，such as ，like，as-as ，etc. 举例：The largest player Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of choices, such as deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favorite of the tourists. (C) The words deluxe sedans, minivans and station wagons

5、used in the text refer to _. A. cars in the making B. car rental firms C. cars for rent D. car makers 4.利用举例 (from examples) Signal words: as, like, the same as，unlike, but ，however, on the contrary, while,insteadect. 举例：1. The snow was falling.Big flakes drifted(飘） with the wind like feathers. 2. U

6、nlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shy person who does not like to go to parties or make new friends. 5.利用比较或对比 (comparison or contrast) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页读书破万卷下笔如有神(1)Overwork may cause diseases. over（过分的、过量的） workoverwork “工作过度”。(2)There was a dissatisfied

7、 look in the managers eyes. dis “不” + satisfied “满意的 =dissatisfied “不满意的”。6.利用构词法 (Word formation) ：前缀、后缀、复合、派生等举例：1. Is he intelligent or stupid? 2. Most women in Ghana- the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old- work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their role

8、s as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved.(C) The underlined word illiterate in the passage means _. A. Repeated B. reiterated. C. uneducated D. sick 7.利用同义词或反义词 (Synonym or Antonym) 举例：Signal words:because ，

9、since ,so, such.that,so.that, ect I feel that since you are my superior（上司） , it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .(B) The word presumptuous is closest in meaning to _ . 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页读书破万卷下笔如有神Afull of respect B rude and too confident Clac

10、king in experience Dtoo shy and quiet 8.利用原因与结果关系猜词(from Cause and Result) The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer.(A) A. work B. study C. name D. interest 9.利用上下文的语境 (context or related information) 更多练习：1. A good teacher works in quite a d

11、ifferent way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they dont understand something, they say so. The word audience in the paragraph means _. A. students B. people who watch a play C. people who act on the stage D. people who listen to s

12、omething 答案：A 解题关键：常识teacher-students 2. When some kind of pain killer(止痛药）was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective（无效精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页读书破万卷下笔如有神的）. The underli

13、ned part the colours turned the customers off means that the colours_ Attracted the customers strongly Had weak effects on the customers Tricked the customers into shopping Caused the customers to lose interest 答案：D 解题关键：因果关系because 3. Collins decided that she must go, although the hazards of the tr

14、ip were many, for example, the unbearable heat , the possibility of getting lost , the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes . hazard means _ A. pleasure, B. problem, C. danger, D. attraction 答案：C 解题关键：举例 for example 4. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the o

15、rdinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society The underlined phrase the most vocal means_ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页读书破万卷下笔如有神A. Those who try their best

16、to win B. Those who value competition most highly C.Those who are against competition most strongly D. Those who rely on others most for success 答案：C 解题关键：上下文语境context or related information 5.Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families

17、 known to thema form of favoritism will replace equality. The word favoritism is used to describe the phenomenon that _. A. bright children also need certificates to get satisfying jobs B. children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobs C. poor children with certificates are favored in j

18、ob markets D. children attending ordinary schools achieve great success 答案：B 解题关键：破折号（定义或同位语）6. Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence. That is to say, if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页读书破万卷下笔如有神will still be there

19、 when we come back. Object permanence means that when out of sight, an object _ A. Still exists B. keeps its shape C. Still stays solid D. is beyond reach 答案：A 解题关键：1.定义： definition that is to say 也就是说2.构词法： permanent permanence 7. A childs birthday party doesnt have to be a hassle; instead, it can

20、be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months. What does the underlined word hassle probably mean? A. a party designed by specialists B. a plan requiring careful thought C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble D. a demand made by guests 答案：C 解题关

21、键：比较 comparison(instead 相反 ,反而) 8. William Shakespeare said. The web of our life is of a mingled yarn （纱线） ，good and ill together. The underlined word mingled most probably means? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页读书破万卷下笔如有神ASimple BMixed C Sad ?Dhappy 答案：B 解题关键： definition or

22、explanation 定义或解释猜测词义9. The house looked quite normal outside, but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display. As he began putting them into his bag, a god came into the room. It stopped when it saw Buster, then wagged its tail madly and went over to him, licking his outstretched

23、hand. Good boy, Buster whispered. What a great guard dog you are - trying to lick me to death. Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word exotic ? A Messy and untidy. B. Rich and expensive. C. Comfortable and calming D. Unusual and foreign. 答案：D 解题关键：对比 contrast ，normalbut-unusual 10

24、. Lions are opportunists. They prefer to eat without having to do too much work. When resting in the shade, they are also watching the sky to see what is flying by, and even in the heat of the day they will suddenly start up and run a mile across the plains to find out what is going on. If another a

25、nimal has made a kill, 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 9 页读书破万卷下笔如有神they will drive it off and take the kill for themselves. By describing lions as opportunists, the author means to say that lions _. A. are cruel animals B. are clever animals C. Like to take advantage of（利用）other animals D. Like to take every chance to eat 答案：C 解题关键：构词法及下文解释opportunity-ist 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 9 页