定语从句关系代词讲解课件.ppt

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1、关于定语从句关系代词讲解现在学习的是第1页，共54页先来看几个相关术语先来看几个相关术语1.定语定语2.定语从句定语从句3.先行词先行词4.关系词关系词现在学习的是第2页，共54页1.定语：定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用中常用的的表示。表示。a clever boy The boiling waterFallen leavesThe man who you are looking for2.定语从句定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句。：修饰某一名

2、词或代词的从句。Do you know the man who came to see Xiao Yang this morning?现在学习的是第3页，共54页What is the function of the underlined part?Tom is a handsome boy.The little boy needs a blue pen.The boy in the classroom needs a pen.The pen bought by her is made in China.The man standing there is my teacher.The boy

3、who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。定语从句：一个句子充当定语定语从句：一个句子充当定语现在学习的是第4页，共54页3.先行词先行词：4.关系词关系词：关系代词关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系副词关系副词where,when,why等。等。关系词常有关系词常有3个作用：个作用：1，引

4、导定语从句。，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。，在定语从句中担当一个成分。被修饰的名词或代词叫被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词先行词；引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。系词有关系代词和关系副词。现在学习的是第5页，共54页The boy who is reading needs the pen.先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句先行词：被修饰限定的词先行词：被修饰限定的词关系词：引导定语从句的词关系词：引导定语从句的词定语从句：一个句子充当定语定语从句：一个句子充当定语现在学习的是第6页，共5

5、4页God helps those who help themselves.He who laughs last laughs best.Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.自助者天助。自助者天助。谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。世上无难事，只怕有心人。世上无难事，只怕有心人。Guess the meaning of the following proverbs现在学习的是第7页，共54页All that glitters(闪光闪光)is not gold.He who does n

6、ot reach the Great Wall is not a true man.闪闪发光的不一定是金子闪闪发光的不一定是金子.不到长城非好汉不到长城非好汉 .现在学习的是第8页，共54页Some sentences with attributive clause in the text1.Then,later that afternoon,another big quake _shook Tangshan.2.The army organized teams to dig out those_ and to bury the dead.which was almost as strong

7、as the first onewho were trapped现在学习的是第9页，共54页But the people in the city,_ _ went to sleep as usual that night.It was heard in Beijing,_ who thought little of these events,which is more than 200 kilometers away.现在学习的是第10页，共54页A huge crack _ _ cut across houses,roads and canals.The number of people _

8、 _ reached more than 400,000.that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide who were killed or injured现在学习的是第11页，共54页Description He is a Chinese.He plays an important part in NBA.He was born in Shanghai.Shanghai is an international city.He is a good man.People all like him.People are proud of

9、 him.He is a famous basketball player.His wife is Ye Li.He loves basketball.He plays basketball very well.现在学习的是第12页，共54页He is a Chinese.He plays an important part in NBA.He is a Chinese who/that plays an important part in NBA.变为定语从句变为定语从句现在学习的是第13页，共54页He was born in Shanghai.Shanghai is an interna

10、tional city.He was born in Shanghai which/that is an international city.现在学习的是第14页，共54页summary关系词在从关系词在从句中所作的句中所作的成分成分先行词的类先行词的类别别关系词的选关系词的选择择主语主语人人物物who/thatwhich/that现在学习的是第15页，共54页Those who are against the plan put up your hands.The man who is next to us sells vegetable.Tom is one of the students

11、 who praised by the teacher yesterday.Tom is the only one of the students who praised by the teacher yesterday.关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。数必须与先行词保持一致。werewas现在学习的是第16页，共54页He is a good He is a good manman.People all like People all like himhim.People are proud of Peo

12、ple are proud of himhim.He is a good man whom/that people are proud of.He is a good man whom/that people all like.He is a good man of whom people are proud.Or:现在学习的是第17页，共54页He loves basketball.He plays basketball very well.He loves basketball which/that he plays very well.现在学习的是第18页，共54页summary关系词在

13、从关系词在从句中所作的句中所作的成分成分先行词的类先行词的类别别关系词的选关系词的选择择宾语宾语人人物物whom/that/who/省略省略which/that/省略省略现在学习的是第19页，共54页He is a famous basketball player.His wife is Ye Li.He is a famous basketball player whose wife is Ye Li.He has a wife.Her name is Ye Li.He has a wife whose name is Ye Li.现在学习的是第20页，共54页The room is min

14、e.The rooms window faces southThe room whose window faces south is mine.现在学习的是第21页，共54页summary关系词在从关系词在从句中所作的句中所作的成分成分先行词的类先行词的类别别关系词的选关系词的选择择 定语定语人人物物whosewhose现在学习的是第22页，共54页关系代词的用法关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以：指人指人指物指物subject(主语主语)object(宾语宾语)attribute（定语）（定语）whomwhowhichthatwhose何时可以省略？何时可以省略？做宾语

15、时可以省略做宾语时可以省略现在学习的是第23页，共54页从括号中选择正确的关系代词完成句子从括号中选择正确的关系代词完成句子1.The season _ follows spring is summer.(that/who/不填不填)2.This is the museum we visited last Saturday.(that/whom/不填不填)3.The boy John is speaking with is my brother.(which/whom/不填不填)4.The building _ walls are white is my uncles house.(which

16、/whose/不填不填)练习巩固练习巩固thatthat/不填不填whom/不填不填whose现在学习的是第24页，共54页5.Will you please lend me the book _ you bought yesterday?(which/that/whose)6.The girl _ leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to hospital.(who/whom/whose)7.The student _ the teacher praise at the class meeting is our monitor.(which/

17、whom/whose)8.I found some photos of tourist sites _ were not far away from our city.(which/that/不填不填)which/that whosewhomwhich/that 现在学习的是第25页，共54页看图填句看图填句现在学习的是第26页，共54页The man _ is Liuxiang.who ran fastestLiuxiang is the man _.who ran fastest现在学习的是第27页，共54页a boy，has a scar，forehead Harry Porter is

18、 a boy _ _.who/that has a scar on his forehead现在学习的是第28页，共54页xinji is a cityis a city _ _._ _.Xinji a citydevelop fast which/that develops fast现在学习的是第29页，共54页基础练习基础练习1.Is that the house _ you bought last year?A.where B.which2.Is that the picture _ you are laughing at?A.which B.where3.It is the most

19、interesting book _Ill ever read.A.which B.thatBBA现在学习的是第30页，共54页4.The street _is to the park is very narrow.A.where B.which5.The person _finds my watch will get a reward.A.who B.when6.This is the room _ we listened to the lecture.A.which B.whereBAB现在学习的是第31页，共54页7.The boy _mother is ill can not come

20、 to the party.A.who B.whose8.Tell me the reason _ you are late.A.which B.whyBB现在学习的是第32页，共54页翻译翻译1.他指给我看他丢钱包的地方。他指给我看他丢钱包的地方。2.我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。3.她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。He showed me the place where he lost his wallet.I dont know the girl whom/that you speak to.She is a girl who is called M

21、ary.现在学习的是第33页，共54页4.那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友。那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友。Those boys who are playing tennis are my friends.现在学习的是第34页，共54页关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但哪些情况只能用that?考点一现在学习的是第35页，共54页只用只用that，不用，不用which1.all,little,much,few,none,everything,nothing,something,anything 等等不定代词不定代词作先行词或者作先行词或者先行词被其所修饰时；先行词被其所修饰时；A

22、ll that can be done has been done.2.序数词序数词或形容词或形容词最高级最高级修饰先行词时；修饰先行词时；This is the best TV that is made in China.3.先行词前有先行词前有the only,the very,the same,the right等修饰等修饰时；时；4.先行词既有人也有物先行词既有人也有物5.主句以主句以which,who,what开头的疑问句开头的疑问句.Who that you have ever seen can do it better?现在学习的是第36页，共54页有哪些情况关系代词不用有哪些情

23、况关系代词不用thatthat，而用，而用whichwhich，whowho，whomwhom?考点二考点二现在学习的是第37页，共54页只用只用which，不用，不用that有机器的房间是车间。有机器的房间是车间。The room _ there is a machine is a workshop.The room _ there is a machine in is a workshop.in which(which/that)一、非限制性定语从句一、非限制性定语从句二、用在介词后二、用在介词后I have lost the pen,_ I like very much.which现在学

24、习的是第38页，共54页1、在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用、在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指，指人用人用who或或whom.He made the same mistakes again,_ made his parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan.Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met f

25、or a long time.whichwhichwhowhomFill in the blanks现在学习的是第39页，共54页1.Her bag,in which she put all her money,has been stolen.2.This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.3.Xiao Wang,with whom I went to the concert,enjoyed himself very much.2、在介词后面，指事物用、在介词后面，指事物用 which，指人用，指人用whom.现在学习的是第40页，共54页

26、(3)whose引导的定语从句注意点引导的定语从句注意点whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。语。whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。如与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。如：The boss in whose department he worked had heard the news.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了这个消息他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了这个消息。现在学习的是第41页，共54页whose的先行词指物时，可用的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但语序不代替，但语序不同，即同，即whose+名词名词=t

27、he+名词名词+of which，或，或=of which+the+名词。如：名词。如：The novel whose title(=the title of which或或of which the title)is Red and Black is very interesting.whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。可以指物。现在学习的是第42页，共54页whose的先行词指人时，可用的先行词指人时，可用of whom代替，但语序代替，但语序不同，即不同，即whose+名词名词=the+名词名词+of whom，或，或=of whom

28、+the+名词。如：名词。如：The boy whose mother(=the mother of whom或或of whom the mother)is a doctor is my friend.现在学习的是第43页，共54页The scientist who we met yesterday is very famous whom in the world.that (2)The dress is new.She is wearing it.The dress which she is wearing is new.that (1)The scientist is very famou

29、s in the world.We met her yesterday.巩固练习：巩固练习：1.用定语从句合并句子用定语从句合并句子现在学习的是第44页，共54页(3)He is the kind person.I have ever worked with him.(4)This is the best film.I have ever seen this film.He is the kind person who I have ever worked with.whom that This is the best film that I have ever seen.现在学习的是第45页

30、，共54页四四.介词介词+which/whom引导的定语从句引导的定语从句1.介词的选用原则：介词的选用原则：根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。This is the book on which I spent 8 dollars.This is the book for which I paid 8 dollars.现在学习的是第46页，共54页(2)根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。I remember the day on which I joined the Party.I remember the days during

31、 which I lived there.现在学习的是第47页，共54页2.当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用whom(指指人人)或或which(指物指物)，且关系代词不能省略。，且关系代词不能省略。The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor.I cant find the pen with which I was writing.现在学习的是第48页，共54页3.当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用 which/that(指指物物),who/whom/that(

32、指人指人)作从句中介词的宾语作从句中介词的宾语.而且而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。(whom/who/that)(which/that)Dad is a person_ I can easily talk to.Is this the play _ you were talking about just now?现在学习的是第49页，共54页4.在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。如：可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。如：This is the watch(tha

33、t/which)I am looking for.The babies(who/whom/that)the nurse is looking after are very healthy.现在学习的是第50页，共54页5.先行词是先行词是the way，意为，意为“方式，方法方式，方法”时，引导定时，引导定语从句的关系词用语从句的关系词用that/in which或省略。或省略。I didnt like the way _ she talked to me.The way _he teaches English is interesting.（that/in which）（that/in wh

34、ich）现在学习的是第51页，共54页1.He did all/everything _he could to help me.2.This is the very thing _ I am after.3.We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school.4.He is the only man _ can do the work.5.This is the first thing _ I want to say.6.He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with.7

35、.Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate.8.Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth.that,which or who?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat现在学习的是第52页，共54页that,which,whose,whom or who?9.Is there anything else _ you want to say?10.Any person _ has the money can join the group.11.He often speaks the role he played in the play,_ made others upset.12.He opened the door,in front of _ sat a boy.13.The man to _ I spoke is a famous scientist.14.The boy _ mother is dead was brought up by his father.thatthatwhichwhich whomwhose现在学习的是第53页，共54页2022-9-5感谢大家观看感谢大家观看现在学习的是第54页，共54页