句子种类和类型 (2)讲稿.ppt

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1、关于句子种类和类型(2)第一页，讲稿共二十一页哦英语句子种类与类型英语句子种类与类型I、句子种类（按交际用途分）句子种类（按交际用途分）陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、THERE-BE存在句存在句II、句子类型（按句子结构分）句子类型（按句子结构分）简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句第二页，讲稿共二十一页哦I、句子种类（按交际用途分）句子种类（按交际用途分）陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、感叹句、THERE-BE存在句存在句第三页，讲稿共二十一页哦1、陈述句、陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和

2、否定式，语说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否定式，语序是主语在前，位于在后。序是主语在前，位于在后。She arrived early.She cannot have arrived now.注：注：1）半否定句半否定句I hardly know anything about it.2）部分否定句部分否定句与与全否定句全否定句I dont like both the films.I like neither Cathy nor Mary.3)否定转移否定转移I dont think it will be very cold today.(believe,expect,suppose,im

3、agine)I、句子种类句子种类第四页，讲稿共二十一页哦2、疑问句、疑问句 有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反义疑问句。问句、反义疑问句。I、句子种类句子种类1）一般疑问句）一般疑问句 用来询问一件事，答案通常是用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或或 no，注意语序。注意语序。Have you anything to say?Did someone phone me last night?Cant you understand it?Isnt it a beautiful lake?-Havent you been to the UK?-No,I haven

4、t.第五页，讲稿共二十一页哦2）特殊疑问句）特殊疑问句 疑问词有疑问词有who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how等。等。I、句子种类句子种类（1）陈述语序）陈述语序Who was the first man in space?（2）倒装语序倒装语序Who are you talking about?注：注：A、简略式简略式 Why not go alone?Why get so angry?How/What about taking a rest?B、复杂特殊疑问句复杂特殊疑问句 What do you think he has done?第六页，讲稿共二

5、十一页哦I、句子种类句子种类3）选择疑问句）选择疑问句(1)以一般疑问句为基础以一般疑问句为基础Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman?Shall I help you or can you manage?(2)以特殊疑问句为基础以特殊疑问句为基础Which do you prefer,red wine or white?How shall we go there?By bus or by train?第七页，讲稿共二十一页哦I、句子种类句子种类4）反义疑问句）反义疑问句 问：问：+，-？或？或-，+？答：答：+，+.+.或或-，-.-.1.Tom

6、 hardly knows French,_ _?2.Mary didnt fail her exam,did she?-_,she didnt.3.You neednt come,_ you?You need to come,_ you?4.He had a big time there,_ he?He had a car,_ he?We hardly have to get up early,_ we?5.He used to live in Leeds,_ he?第八页，讲稿共二十一页哦6.Lets go to the match at once,_ we?Leave me alone,

7、_ you?7.They have been learning to drive,_ they?8.No one was hurt,_ _?9.There is no doubt()about it,_ _?10.Anna hasnt got to go to school on Sunday,_ she?I、句子种类句子种类4）反义疑问句）反义疑问句第九页，讲稿共二十一页哦3、祈使句、祈使句 表达命令、要求、请求、劝告等，用原形。表达命令、要求、请求、劝告等，用原形。I、句子种类句子种类1）带第二人称的祈使句）带第二人称的祈使句 Be quiet,please.Dont make any n

8、oise!You call a taxi.Dont you forget it.(强调)Give me a hand,will/wont/would/wouldn you?2）带第一、三人称的祈使句）带第一、三人称的祈使句 Let me try again.Lets go.Let us go.Lets not say anything about it./Dont lets say Let him be here by 10 oclock.第十页，讲稿共二十一页哦I、句子种类句子种类3、祈使句、祈使句注意：1、加强语气 Do be careful of my broken leg.Do let

9、 me have another try.2、祈使句的省略式 A:Shall I open the window?B:Yes,please do./No,please dont.A:Shall we watch the game?B:Yes,lets.第十一页，讲稿共二十一页哦4、感叹句、感叹句 由由what 或或how引导的，表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等。引导的，表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等。I、句子种类句子种类What a cute baby it is!What fine weather we have today!What a good time we had last night!H

10、ow foolish she is!How clearly you speak!How clever a boy he is!*What a dirty room,_ _?What interesting films,_ _?第十二页，讲稿共二十一页哦I、句子种类句子种类5、THERE-BE存在句存在句 There is a clock on the table.Once there lived a king called Lear.There goes the bell!Here come the bus.Here he comes.There used to be a village at

11、 the foot of the mountain.There is certain to be a heavy rain tonight.There seems to be some misunderstanding.There is a baby crying in the next door.There being no bus,we had to walk home.第十三页，讲稿共二十一页哦II、句子类型（按句子结构分）句子类型（按句子结构分）简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句第十四页，讲稿共二十一页哦二、句子类型二、句子类型1、简单句、简单句 只包

12、含一个主谓结构，个个成分都是单词或短只包含一个主谓结构，个个成分都是单词或短语的句子。语的句子。All roads lead to Rome.He got up,dressed quickly,washed himself and went out.Is he a superman?Dont be shy.Have a try.The man dressed in black seems to be a spy.第十五页，讲稿共二十一页哦二、句子类型二、句子类型2、并列句、并列句 包含两个或更多互不依从的主谓结构包含两个或更多互不依从的主谓结构，分句由并列连词，分句由并列连词and,then,

13、but,or,or else,so,for,while,when;bothand,eitheror,neithernor,not only,but also,as well as等来等来连接。连接。He is a basketball fan,and his wife is a volleyball fan.Honey is sweet,but the bee stings.Dont be late,for there is a meeting.Hurry up,or youll be late.He works hard while his brother is a lazy bone.He

14、 was enjoying his KFC when a friend came.第十六页，讲稿共二十一页哦二、句子类型二、句子类型3、复合句、复合句 复合句的某个成分，如主语、宾语、表语、同位语、定语、状语等，由另一个句子承当。（1）名词性从句）名词性从句 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句统称为名词性主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句统称为名词性从句。从句。宾语从句注意事项：宾语从句注意事项：引导词、语序、时态呼应、语态引导词、语序、时态呼应、语态。主语主语/表语表语/同位从句注意事项：同位从句注意事项：引导词、语序、语态引导词、语序、语态。注意：注意：1、whether与与i

15、f的区别；的区别；2、陈述句变来的名词性从句由什么引导。那么，一、陈述句变来的名词性从句由什么引导。那么，一 般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、感叹句变般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、感叹句变 来的呢？来的呢？第十七页，讲稿共二十一页哦二、句子类型二、句子类型3、复合句、复合句 （2）定语从句）定语从句=先行词先行词+引导词引导词+其它。其它。引导词引导词的选用取决于：的选用取决于：1）先行词；）先行词；2）先行词的修饰语；）先行词的修饰语；3）引导词在定语）引导词在定语 从句中的成分。从句中的成分。注意：定语从句中的主谓一致；注意：定语从句中的主谓一致；第十八页，讲稿共二十一页哦3、复合句

16、、复合句(3)状语从句状语从句 即用作状语的分句即用作状语的分句,可作下列状语：可作下列状语：1、时间（、时间（after,before,as,when,while,since,till,until,whenever,as long as,as soon as;the moment,every time,next time;no soonerthan,hardlywhen）；）；2、地点（、地点（where,wherever）；3、方式（、方式（as,as if,as though）；4、程度（、程度（asas,more than,sothat,suchthat）；二、句子类型二、句子类型第十

17、九页，讲稿共二十一页哦5、原因（、原因（because,since,as,now that,that）；6、结果（、结果（,so that,sothat,suchthat）；7、目的（、目的（so that,in order that,in case）；8、条件（、条件（if,unless）；9、让步（、让步（though,although,even if,even though,in spite of the fact that,whenever,wherever,whoever,whichever,However,no matter how,whether）。二、句子类型二、句子类型(3)状语从句状语从句第二十页，讲稿共二十一页哦感谢大家观看感谢大家观看第二十一页，讲稿共二十一页哦