2021-2022学年下学期初中英语外研新版八年级同步经典题精练之现在完成时.docx
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1、2021.2022学年下学期初中英语外研新版八年级同步经典题精练之现在完成时一.选择题(共18小题)1.1.(2019春沐阳县校级月考)-youyour drawing ?A. Did, finishC. Do, finish2.(2018秋番禺区期末)-Have youbeen to Sanya?-No, I havebeen there before.(A. ever, alreadyB. already, neverC. ever, never3.(2018 秋普陀区期中)Hurry up! The filmfor ten minutes.4.5.A. was onB startedC
2、has been onD. has started(2016 春朝阳区校级期中)-Have you fed your dogs, Bob?-Yes, IA have fedthem twenty minutes ago.(B - feedC.had fedD. fed(2016春津南区校级期中)-Wheresyour father ?to-Not yet!It will be done in a few minutes.(B. Were, finishD. Have, finishedwork.(A. has goneA. has goneB. wentC.has beenD. will go
3、6.(2010 梅州)A : May I speak to Tom ?B:Sorry, heAmerica and hein three days.(A.has been to,will come backB.has gone to,will come backC.has been in,will come backD. has gone to,D. has gone to,will return back7.7.They havent heard from their uncle since heWuhan.(A. leaveB is going to leaveD. leftC. leav
4、esC. leaves; has left【考点】现在完成时.【分析】-他毕业于这所学校多长时间了? - -他已经离开三年了.【解答】答案:B.考查现在完成时.句意:- -他毕业于这所学校多长时间了? -他 已经离开三年了.根据题干中since自从,引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,所 以用left.回答中有时间段for three years三年了.用现在完成时,构成:has或have+done.表 示离开的状态用away. has been away已经离开.应选B.【点评】了解现在完成时用法,再结合具体语境进行选择.16. (2016桓台县一模)-have you been away
5、 from your hometown?-For about 13 years.()A. How soon B. How farC. How long D. How often【考点】时段(how long).【分析】你已经离开你的家乡多久了?大约13年了.【解答】答案:C. how long, how soon和how often都含有how,并且都和“多长时间、 多久”有关,但它们的用法不相同.how long意为”多久、多长时间”,主要是对一段时间 进行提问,答语通常是(for) three days/weeks/months等时间段,它可用于各种时态.how soon意为“还要多久”,
6、是对从某个基本时间到将来某动作结束或某动作发生这段时间提 问,常用在一般将来时态的句子中,其答语通常是“in+一段时间”.how often意为多久 次、是否经常”,用来提问在某一特定的时间进行某个动作的次数,答语通常是always, usually, often, sometimes, once/twice a day/month . how far 意思是:多远,对距离进 行提问.综上所述和句意:你已经离开你的家乡多久了?大约13年了.应选:C.应选:Co【点评】how long, how soon, how often, how far等这些疑问词组,很容易弄混,大家 在做题的时候从答语
7、和句意来进行考虑,应该就简单多了.加油哦!17. (2016达州)-Please look at these stamps. I them for five years.-Wow, they are fantastic!()A have keptB. have boughtC. borrowedD. kept【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】一看这些邮票.我已经拥有他们五年了.-喔,它们好极了.【解答】答案:A;根据句中的时间短语for five years可知该句为现在完成时态,主语 +have/has+动词的过去分词;瞬间动词buy不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,故用延 续性动词keep.应
8、选A.【点评】比拟和分析四个选项的不用含义及其用法是解答该题的关键;还要根据句中信 息正确推测该句句意,进而作出解答.18. (2015* 安顺)Premier Zhou Enlai for many years, he still lives in the hearts of Chinesepeople.()A. diedB. was diedC. has been diedD. has been dead【考点】现在完成时.【分析】周总理已经去世好多年了,但是他仍然活在中国人民的心中.【解答】此题考查的是现在完成时的用法,died是一般过去时,was died是一般过去时的 被动语态,从f
9、or+时间段就可以知道,是现在完成时的时间标志,所以改用现在完成时, die又是非延续性动词,故要变成have/has+形容词的系表结构,应选:D。【点评】每一种特定的时态都有其相应的时态标志,寻找其时态标志并加以认真分析可 以巧解时态试题.所谓时态标志,指的就是某些特定的词、短语或句式,在通常情况下 要与某种特定的时态连用,同学们在做题时假设能充分利用这些时态标志,同时结合句子 语境,就可很快选出正确答案.在这里,for+时间段就是现在完成时的时间标志.二.句型转换(共5小题)(2017 春秀峰区校级期中)They have lived here since eight years ago.
10、(划线局部提问) How long have they lived here?【考点】句型转换.【分析】-他们自从八年前以来就住在这儿.-他们在这儿住了多久?【解答】考查特殊疑问句.划线局部since eight years ago意为”自从八年前以来”,此处 用于描述“居住”这一动词延续的时间,针对时间段提问用疑问词How long.故答案为How long【点评】考查特殊疑问句,要先依据划线局部选定疑问词,再将剩余局部变为一般疑问 句.19. (2013沐川县二模)I have been to Beijing twice.(对划线局部提问)How many times have you b
11、een to Beijing?【考点】句型转换.【分析】我曾去过北京两次.你去过北京儿次?【解答】答案:many times.划线局部twice表示两次,次数,提问用how many times多 少次,故答案是many times.【点评】此题考查特殊疑问句.就划线局部提问的做题步骤为:第一步用特殊疑问词代 替划线局部.第二步将剩下的局部变为一般疑问句.20. They have already reached the park.(变否认句)They havent reached the park yet ?【考点】句型转换.【分析】他们已经到达了公园.他们还没到达公园.【解答】考查完成时的
12、否认句.现在完成时变成否认句,只需要将have/has变为 havent/hasnt,而already变为否认句或疑问句时,应变为yet故答案为:havent; yet【点评】面对句型转换,要做到搞清要求,针对要求,作出符合语法和语境的答案.21. It has taken him two hours to draw the picture. (I可义句转换)He has spent two hours drawing the picture.【考点】句型转换.【分析】他花了两个小时画这幅画.他花了两个小时画这幅画.【解答】It takes sb.+时间或金钱+ to do sth.和主语(人
13、)+spend+时间或金钱+ (in) doing sth. ”都是固定句式,意思都是某人花费做某事”,原句是现在完成时,变成同 义句也用现在完成时.故答案为 spent, drawing.【点评】同义句转换题,要求正确理解句意,分析句子成分,找出同义词或同义句型, 要注意运用正确的时态和语序,有时还要添加助动词.22. - Where is Mary?-She went to China.(改为同义句表达方式)Mary has gone to China.【考点】句型转换.【分析】-玛丽在哪儿?-她去了中国.-玛丽已经去中国.【解答】答案:has gone to.考查同义句.”她去了中国.可
14、以表达为“玛丽已经去中 国.用现在完成时态,have gone to已经去了,还没回来.主语Mary单数.用have 的第三人称单数has.答案是has gone to.【点评】同义句转换最基本的是要保持原意不变,在理解语境的基础上,抓住关键单词 或词组,运用相同词意的单词或词组完成试题.考点卡片1 .副词的词义辨析【常见副词词义辨析】how often, how long, how far, how soon(1) how often有“多久一次”的意思,是就做某事的频率提问.常用”Twice a year. ,“Three times a week .”等回答.如:-How often d
15、o you watch TV ?你多久看一次电视?-Three times a week. 每周三次.(2)howlong表示”时间多久或物体多长”,表示时间侧重指”一段时间“.针对nhow long1 的回答一般是时间段,如for three days,nthree yearsn.如:-How long did he stay here ?他在这儿待了多久?-About two weeks.大约两个星期.(3) how soon表示“多久之后”,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间提问.how soon的回答一 般是:in+时间段.如:- How soon will he be back?他要多久才
16、回来?-In an hour.一小时以后.(4) how far是提问”路程有多远”,询问距离.如:How far is it from his house?距离他家有多远?2. too, enough, so同作副词,差异大(1) too作副词,用在“00to”结构中,tooto结构中的动词不定式局部为否认意义,意 为“太而不能二如:He is too young to go to school.他年龄太小了不能上学.(2) enough用作副词时,意为“足够“,”形容词或副词原级+enough to”结构意为“足以能够二 是肯定意义.如:He is old enough to go to
17、school.他到了上学的年龄了.(3) so意为“如此,用于,sothat(如此以至于)”, so后接形容词或副词,that后面加从句.如:He is so old that he cant go on working.他年龄太大,不能继续工作了.3. already, still, yet 用法巧辨析already通常用于完成时的肯定句中,表示“已经”.如:I have already seen the film.我已经看过这部电影了.(1) yet用来谈论某事是否已经发生,多用于疑问句和否认句中.在疑问句中,意为“已经”, 在否认句中意为“还,尚”,通常放在句末;not yet可用于简略
18、回答,意为”还没有二如: He hasnt finished reading the book yet.他还没有读完这本书.-Have you finished your homework?你完成家庭作业了吗?-No, not yet.不,还没有.(2) still意为“仍然,还”,强调过去发生的事情及存在的状况目前还在延续.在现在进行时中,still只表示动作正在持续.如:Hes still living with his mother.他仍与母亲住在一起.4. either, also, too 用法”也“不同(1) also用于肯定句,常用在实义动词前be动词后.如:He also at
19、tended the meeting yesterday.昨天他也参加了会议.He is also a scientist.他也是科学家.(2) too用于肯定句,在句末,too前须有逗号.如:He can swim, too.他也会游泳.(3) either用于否认句,通常放在句末,之前需加逗号.如:He didnt attend the meeting, either.他也没去参加会议.5. ago, before”以前”差异大(1 )ago表示”从现在起假设干时间以前、常与动词一般过去式连用,而且ago只能作副词.如:He left Shanghai three days ago.他三天
20、前离开了上海.(2) before表示“从过去某时起假设干时间以前”,常与过去完成式连用.before既可作副词又 可作介词和连词.如:I had finished the work two days before.两天前我已完成了工作.(副词)I visited him two days ago, but he had gone to Paris five days before.我于两天前去访问他,可是他已于那日5天前赴巴黎去了.(副词)much too, too much词序颠倒,意不同(1) too much可以用作副词,也可以形容词,意为”太多、过于二用作副词时,在句中作 状语.如:
21、Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看电视太久,对你的眼睛不好.His father was too much surprised to see him here.他的爸爸看到他在这儿非常吃惊.too much用作形容词时,常用来修饰不可数名词.如:He drank too much beer last night.他昨晚酒喝得太多.Please dont waste too much money.请不要浪费太多的钱.too much用作名词时,在句中作主语、宾语或表语.如:Too much was happening all at once.同
22、时发生的事太多了.Mike, you have eaten too much. You cant eat any more.迈克,你吃得太多了,你不能再吃了.Its too much for me.这个我干不了.(2) much to。用作副词时,通常用来修饰形容词或副词,意为”极其、非常、实在太。如:This problem is much too difficult for me to work out.这个问题非常难,我算不出来.This shirt is much too expensive for him.这件衬衫对他来说,实在太贵了.6. hard与hardly没有共同语言(1)当
23、hard用作副词时,意为“努力地、困难地、猛烈地”等.如:Does Tom work hard at his lessons ?汤姆学习努力吗?It s raining hard outside now. Dont go out.现在外面正下着大雨,不要出去.(2) hardly并不是hard加上后缀所构成的副词,hardly只能用作副词,意为“几乎没有、几 乎不”.如:I can hardly see anything on the blackboard. 我几乎看不见黑板上的任何东西.My father hardly ever watches TV.我爸爸几乎不看电视.2 .实义动词【概念
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