2022年北京市东城区中考英语一模试卷（附答案详解）.docx

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1、2022年北京市东城区中考英语一模试卷一、单项选择题(本大题共12小题，共6.0分)1. My grandparents dont live with us,but their home is near. ()A. yoursB. hisC. hersD. ours2. Last summer I stayed with my cousin a few days.()A. atB. forC. onD. in3. You should start your work right now,you won*t finish it on time.()A. orB. andC. butD. so4.

2、 -does the museum open at the weekends?-At 9： 00 am.()A. HowB. WhereC. WhyD. When5. There*s only an hour left.We hurry to catch the train.()A. mustB. couldC. mayD. would6. The Battle at Lake Changjin was one of movies in 2021. ()A. popularB. more popularC. most popularD. the most popularJerry,could

3、you turn down the TV ? Your father a video meeting now.( )A. hasB. hadC. is having D. was havingChina nine gold medals at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.()A. winsB. is winning C. wonD. will winMark fell over and hurt his feet while he down the steps.()A. runsB. was running C. ranD. has runBetty wa

4、nts to buy her mother a birthday present,but she what to buy.()A. doesnt decideB. didn*t decideC. hasnt decidedD. wont decide7. This song ten years ago,but many people still like it now.()A. writesB. is writtenC. wroteD. was written8. -Mr.Carter,could you tell me?-Next Thursday.()35.中国有一些传统节日，如春节、中秋

5、节和端午节(the Dragon Boat Festival)。每个 节日都有不同的习俗和意义。假如你是李华，你校英语社团正在开展线上国际交流活动，其公众号计划推送有关 中国传统节日的系列内容。请你用英语给公众号写一篇文稿，介绍一个中国的传统 节日，包括时间，庆祝方式，以及这个节日的意义。提示词语：get together,dinner,enjoy,wish提示问题： When is the festival ?How do people usually celebrate the festival?Why is the festival important?There are some tr

6、aditional festivals in China.设定目标对每个人都很重要。有了明确的目标，才有努力的方向，并产生前进的动力。 某英文网站正在开展以“明确目标，全力以赴”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用 英文写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你近期的一个目标是什么，你为什么确定这个目标，以及为 实现这个目标做出的努力。提示词 语： make progress,practice,keep,effort提示问题： What is your goal?Why do you set this goal?What do you do to achieve this goal?Setting goals i

7、s very important for everyone.第10页，共19页答案和解析1 .【答案】D【解析】yours你的;his他的；hers她的；ours我们的。根据前句My grandparents don*t live with us,可知，应是离我们的家很近。应选：Do我的祖父母不与我们住在一起，但他们的家离我们的很近。仔细分析句子的结构，掌握名词性物主代词的用法。2 .【答案】B【解析】at在某时刻，在几点；for时间长达；on在具体某一天；in在某年、月、季 节；根据题干中的“a few days （几天）可知用for+时间段,表示”时间长达% 应选：Bo去年夏天我和表哥在一

8、起待了几天。注意介词用法，结合语境，选择正确答案。3 .【答案】A【解析】or否那么；andhe； but但是；so因此、所以。分析前后句句意可知，空处的词应 用or”否那么、引导并列句。应选：Ao你应该马上开始工作，否那么你不能按时完成。正确辨析几个连词的汉语意思和用法，结合语境选择作答。4 .【答案】D【解析】How怎么；Where在哪里；Why为什么；When什么时候。根据At9： 00 am” 上午9： 00,可知，对时间提问用When。应选：Do-博物馆周末什么时候开放？-上午 9： 00o疑问词通常用来构成疑问句，要根据具体的语境，分清疑问词的用法，选择合适答案。5 .【答案】A【

9、解析】must 必须;could may 可以;would 将会。根据 Theres only an hour left.”只剩下一个小时了。”可知，我们“必须“赶快赶火车。应选：Ao只剩下一个小时了。我们必须赶快赶火车。情态动词在句中不受人称、性别、单复数变化的影响，但是要考虑时态，交际用法等。 结合语境，选择正确答案。6 .【答案】D【解析】根据One of和时间状语短语in 2021,可知此题考查固定短语one of the +形容 词最高级+名词复数”，表示”最之一二形容词的最高级前必须用the。应选：Do长津湖是2021年最受欢迎的电影之一。形容词、副词的原级，比拟级和最高级是考试的

10、必考知识点，需充分掌握各种形式。做 题时，结合句意，把握关键词，确定考点。7 .【答案】C【解析】根据第一句句意”杰瑞，你能把电视关掉吗？ ”，可知第二句动词have的动作正 在进行，故句子时态用现在进行时，其结构为“am/is/are+doing”，；主语Your father是 第三人称单数，所以be动词用is；应选：Co杰瑞，你能把电视关掉吗？你父亲现在正在开视频会议。考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。8 .【答案】C【解析】win赢得；获得。选项A是第三人称单数形式；选项B是现在进行时；选项C 是过去式；选项D是一般将来时。根据字面意思可知句子的时态是一般过去时

11、，因此本 题正确答案是C。应选：Co中国在2022年北京冬奥会上获得9块金牌。解答此题首先根据句中结构和字面意思确定时态是一般过去时，再根据所给选项的不同第12页，共19页形式选取正确答案。9 .【答案】B【解析】根据Mark fell over and hurt his feet”可知发生在过去；再结合while”当的时候 ”可知，句子用过去进行时。应选：Bo马克跑下台阶时摔倒了，伤了脚。考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。10 .【答案】C解析】根据Betty wants to buy her mother a birthday present贝蒂想给她妈妈买一件生

12、日礼物，可知句子为现在的情况，排除B项，再结合语境推测，她还没有决定好买什么， 表示对现在的影响，用现在完成时态。应选：Co贝蒂想给她妈妈买一件生日礼物，但她还没有决定好买什么。考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。11 .【答案】D【解析】句子的主语This song和动词write之间是被动关系，结合时间状语ten years ago 可知，此题语态为一般过去时态的被动语态，其构成是：was/were+过去分词。write的 过去分词是 written o应选：Do这首歌是十年前写的，但现在还有很多人喜欢它。考查时态和语态，根据时间状语判断时态，根据主谓之间的主被动关系

13、判断语态。12 .【答案】C【解析】宾语从句保持陈述句的语序，排除答案A和D；根据答语Next Thursday.下周 四。可知上句要用一般将来时，助动词will,后接动词原形。应选：Co-卡特先生，你能告诉我我们什么时候进行词汇测试？ 一下周四。先根据语序排除不合适的选项，然后根据语境选择恰当的一项。1320.【答案】B、C、D、B、A、D、C、B【解析】（1）形容词辨析。poor贫穷的；perfect完美的；disappointing令人失望的；normal 正常的。根据The other girls told her she was amazing.（其他女孩告诉她她很令人称奇） 可知，

14、她的表现很完美，句意：她参加体操队的选拔时，表现得非常完美。应选B。（2）副词辨析。excitedly激动地；nervously紧张地;angrily生气地;proudly骄傲地。 根据EHies name wasnt on it.” （艾莉的名字不在上面）可知,她很出色，但是却不在名 单上，所以很生气，句意：“我比你们所有人都更出色！ ”她生气地喊道。应选C。（3）名词辨析。luck 运气；performance 表演；health 健康；attitude 态度。根据Pm better than all of you!”（我比你们都好）可知，她自视甚傲，态度不好，句意：你很有才华， 但你的态

15、度很糟糕。应选D。（4）动词辨析。invite 邀请;encourage 鼓励；choose 选择；force 强迫。根据You cant make the team if you don*t recognize how much everyone has to contribute,and.them to do it.”（如果你没有意识到每个人都应该做出多少贡献，并他们这样做，你就不可能组建一 个团队。）可知，团队成员之间要互相鼓励，句意：如果你没有意识到每个人都应该做 出多少贡献，并鼓励他们这样做，你就不可能组建一个团队。应选B。（5）动词辨析。worry担忧；surprise使惊讶；pl

16、ease使高兴；frighten使害怕。根据At first she felt very happy to see*（开始她觉得很开心看见）并结合后文”after watching Kim fall off the uneven parallel bars again and again”（在看到队友一次又一次摔下来之后）可 知，开始很开心，但是后来看到队友一次又一次摔下来，便开始担忧了，句意：但后来 她开始担忧了。应选A。（6）形容词辨析。confident自信的；lonely孤独的；bored无聊的；satisfied满意的。 根据Kim accepted Elliek suggestio

17、n,and did much better.（金姆接受 了建议取得了进步） 可知，金姆接受了建议取得了进步，所以艾莉很满意，句意：艾莉感到非常满意。应选 Do（7）动词辨析。won赢得；practiced练习；improved提升；celebrated庆祝。根据The team.each time they competed,and they even won once!n （每次都有进步，甚至赢过）可 知，每次都有进步，甚至赢过，句意：这个队每次比赛都有进步，甚至赢了一次！应选 Co（8）名词辨析。chance 机会；effort 努力；decision 决定；dream 梦想。根据Shek

18、new that it was her.of becoming a better team player that was responsible for her success.H （她知道是 她成为一个更好的团队成员，这是她成功的原因）可知，艾莉的努力让她自己成为一 个更好的团队成员，句意：她知道是她努力成为一个更好的团队成员，这是她成功的原第14页，共19页因。应选B。本文讲述艾莉很优秀，但是名单上没有她，她很生气，教练让她明白团队的重要性。 首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意, 结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。2123.【答案】A

19、、D、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Cash Daniels, 12,clears rubbish from local rivers.25 kids often join him for the clean-ups. （12 岁的 CashDaniels清理当地河流中的垃圾。25孩子们经常和他一起清理。）可知,Cash Daniels 帮助清理当地河流。应选A。（2）细节理解题。根据 He has collected over 500, 000 books for kids,（他为孩子们收集 了 50多万本书，）可知，Orion Jean为孩子们收集了多少本书50多万。应选D。（3）推理判

20、断题。根据Lino encourages others to come up with ideas for inventions while solving everyday problem s. （Lino Marrero鼓励其他人在解决日常问题的同时想出创造的想法。）可推理出， Lino Marrero鼓励其他人创造新事物。应选B。孩子们可以改变世界。短文介绍了四个了不起的孩子的故事。首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次， 细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关 信息。2426.【答案】B、A、C【解析】（1）细

21、节理解题。根据第四段Emma,youre such a smart girl,but youre always daydreaming.（艾玛，你真是个聪明的女 孩，但你总是在做白日梦。”）可知，艾玛总是在做白日梦。应选B。（2）细节理解题。根据第七段 Emmas mouth fell open/What a life that is,she thought.At that moment,Emma could see her future.She was going to be a vet and take care of horses too!（艾玛张大 了 嘴。”这是 种多么美好的生活啊，

22、她想。在那一刻，艾玛看到了自己的未来。她也将成为一名兽医， 照顾好马匹。）可知艾玛对兰登医生做兽医很感兴趣。应选A。（3）细节推测题。根据第八段After school,Emma made new plans.She would spend an hour studying math before riding St ar.She also decided to spend half an hour every night studying science even if she didnt have any homework.Doctor Landon said those were imp

23、ortant subjects to study if you wanted to b e a vet.（放学后，艾玛制定了新计划。她会在骑马之星之前花一个小时学习数学。 她还决定每晚花半个小时学习科学，即使她没有任何家庭作业。兰登医生说，如果你想 成为一名兽医，这些都是重要的学习科目。）可知艾玛制定新计划是因为她意识到她必 须为她的梦想而努力学习。应选C。本文主要讲述了艾玛很聪明，但她总是在做白日梦，直到兰登医生改变了她的学习态度, 她开始制定计划，并为计划而努力学习。首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次， 细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问

24、题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关 信息。2729.【答案】B、D、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Researchers led by Aloysius Wei Lun Koh did a study to test their idea that teaching improve s the teachers learning because it forces the teacher to retrieve （检索）what theyve learned.（由Aloysius Wei Lun Koh领导的研究人员进行了一项研究，以验证他们的观点，即教 学可以改善教师的学习，因为它迫使教师检

25、索他们所学的东西。）可知研究人员做这项 研究是为了测试教学是否能改善学习。应选B。（2）段落大意题。根据The researchers asked 124 students to spend ten minutes studying a text with numbers on a to pic which is completely new to them.（研究人员让124名学生花1。分钟学习一篇关于他 们完全陌生的主题的数字课文。）可知第3段主要是关于研究是如何进行的。应选D。（3）主旨大意题。通读全文，根据 Researchers led by Aloysius Wei Lun Koh

26、 did a study to test their idea that teaching impr oves the teachers learning because it forces the teacher to retrieve （检索）what theyve learned.（由Aloysius Wei Lun Koh领导的研究人员进行了一项研究，以验 证他们的观点，即教学可以改善教师的学习，因为它迫使教师检索他们所学的东西。） 可知我们可以从研究中学到：教学有利于学习，因为检索实践。应选B。文章为如何在教育中使用教学法提供了一个切实可行的建议一应该内化在向他人展示 材料之前，不要

27、依赖于演示过程中的笔记。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细第16页，共19页核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。3033.【答案】C、D、A、D【解析】（1 ）细节理解题。根据 Technology presents a new platform for creativity to exist （存 在）on.（科技为创造力提供了一个新的生存平台。）可知作者在第2段中谈到企业， 是为了展示科技对创造力的影响。应选C。（2）词义猜想题。根据Is there a way to find a balance between technolog

28、y and human creativity?I think so.lt is simply a matter of making sure that creativity is not by technology.（有没 有方法在科技和人类创造力之间找到平衡？我想有的。这只是一个确保创造力不受科技 -的问题。）联系前句可猜想出下划线deterred的意思应为：阻止。应选D。（3）细节推理题。根据 The first way is to reduce our usage of digital devices （数字设备） by setting limits on when,where,and

29、how long we use them,turning off the notifications （通 知）on your phone,or putting your phone on Do Not Disturb”.（第一种方法是通过设置 数字设备的使用时间、地点和使用时间的限制，关闭手机上的通知，或将手机设置为” 请勿打搅”，来减少我们对数字设备的使用。）可推断出作者可能同意：限制手机的使 用可以帮助我们培养创造力。应选A。（4）最正确标题题。根据Is there a way to find a balance between technology and human creativi

30、ty? （有没有方法在 科技和人类创造力之间找到平衡？）可知文章主要讲述了科技和人类创造力的相互影响。 故最正确标题应为：”科技和创造力：它们是如何相互影响的？做选D。文章主要讲述了科技和人类创造力的相互影响。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细 核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。34【答案】【小题1】400 million tons.|、题 2 When its produced and also when its burned or buried in the ground.【小题 3 Microplastics.4、题 4 Mak

31、ing it,reusing it,recycling it,and getting rid of it.【小题 5 Very good.Because it helps to control plastic waste,solve the problem of plastic pollution and protect the environment.【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Its reported that now 400 million tons of plastic is produced every year.（据报道，现在每年 生产4亿吨塑料）可知，现在每年生产4亿吨塑料，故

32、填：400 million tons.（2）细节理解题。根据 It gives off dangerous gaseswhen its produced and also when its burned or buried in the ground.（塑料在生产过程中, 以及在燃烧或埋在地下时，都会释放出危险气体。）可知，塑料在生产过程中，以及在 燃烧或埋在地下时会释放危险气体，故填：When its produced and also when its burned or buried in the ground.（3）细节理解题。根据it just breaks into smaller

33、 and smaller pieces,and finally tiny bits of plastic called microplastic s.（它只是分解成越来越小的碎片，最后是被称为微塑料的塑料碎片。）可知，塑料分 解后最终会变成塑料碎片，故填：Microplastics.（4）细节理解题。根据 The treaty is expected to cover the whole plastic nlife cycle*, including making it,reusing it,recycling it,and getting rid of it.（该条约预计将涵盖塑料的整 个“

34、生命周期”，包括制造、再利用、回收和废弃。）可知，整个塑料“生命周期”包括制 造、再利用、回收和废弃，故填：Making it,reusing it,recycling it,and getting rid of it.（5）开放性题，答案合理即可。我认为建立新的塑料条约非常好，因为这有助于控制 塑料废物，以解决塑料污染问题来保护环境，故填：Very good.Because it helps to control plastic waste,solve the problem of plastic pollution and protect the environment.本文主要讲述到20

35、24年，UNEA将制定并签署一项新的塑料条约。新条约将制定有助 于控制塑料废物的国际法。决定条约中的具体规那么和目标可能会很困难等问题。理解问句，细读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕 获有关信息即可。35 .【答案】There are some traditional festivals in China.My favourite Chinese festival is the Spring Festival because I have lots of fun at the Spring Festival.（点题）【高分句型一】The Spring Festiv

36、al is a popular holiday in our country.lt is in January or February.（时间） Our family get together.We have a big dinner at my grandparents* home.I always eat a lot of delicious food.My cousin and I both get red packets from our grandparents.My parents usually go shopping with me.We buy some nice cloth

37、es for ourselves.高分句型二】 We often watch TV at home and sometimes read books.Sometimes,we greet other people on the phone.（如何第18页，共19页 庆祝）The Spring Festival is the most important for us Chinese because its the beginning of a new year.（为什么重要）Im always happy at the Spring Festival.（节日的感受）【解析】【高分句型一】My

38、favourite Chinese festival is the Spring Festival because I have lots of fun at the Spring Festival ,我最喜欢的中国节日是春节，因为我在春节有很多乐趣。because因为；引导原 因状语从句。【高分句型二】We buy some nice clothes for ourselves.我们给自己买了一些漂亮的衣服。buy sth.for sb. 给某人买某物。能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等， 清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。36 .答案】S

39、etting goals is very important for everyone.My goal in life is to become an excellent doctor in a big hospital.Because I want to help people to live healthier and longer.高 分句型一（目标及原因.）To achieve this goal,Em going to try my best to study hard and become the best student in our class.Then Pm going to

40、 go for a top medical university in China.I plan to read as many books as I can to get knowledge in my spare time.Whats more,I will exercise more to make me stronger and stronger.（怎么做）Im sure I can achieve my goal in the future.【高分句型二】【解析】【高分句型一】Because I want to help people to live healthier and lo

41、nger.因为我想帮助人们活得更健康、 更长寿。此句是一般现在时的原因状语从句。运用短语wanttodosth”想要做某事”，短 语help sb to do sth ”帮助某人做某事”。【高分句型二】Fm sure I can achieve my goal in the futur已我相信我在未来可以实现我的目标。此句是一 般现在时的宾语从句，句子I can achieve my goal in the future.是be sure的宾语，运用短 语achieve one s goal”实现某人的目标”，短语in the future ”在未来”。此题是提纲作文，写作时能够根据提纲提示进

42、行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定 的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。A. when we had a vocabulary testwhen did we have a vocabulary testB. when we will have a vocabulary testwhen will we have a vocabulary test二、完形填空(本大题共8小题，共8.0分)Ellie Makes the TeamEllie was an outstanding gymnast (体操运发动)。She could do the frgymna

43、stic moves very beautifully.The trouble was that she knew ( ,vJ Iit.When she tried out for the gymnastics team,she put ona( 13)performance.The other girls told her she was amazing.nSee ifyou can do that! ”Ellie said.The coach said nothing,and thought hard.The next week,when the list of the team memb

44、ers was posted,Ellies name wasnt on it.She turned to the girls standing around her/Tm better than all of you! ”she shouted。4). Its unfair!She went to see the coach.He explained/Youre very talented,but your(15)is terrible.n nWhat do you mean? Ellie asked.nI know I am the best,and I prove it every tim

45、e.* “Making the gymnastics team isnt just about gymnastics,nthe coach said.nIfs also about being on a team. You cant make the team if you dont recognize how much everyone has to contribute (做贡献)，and(16)them to do it.”Ellie did not think about what the coach said.Instead,she expected the team to lose

46、 that year,and it would be the coach*s fault (过错)， for not picking her.But Ellie still practiced at the gym every day,carefully staying out of the teams way.At first she felt very happy to see the girls on the team struggling (艰难地训练).But then it started to(17)her.One day,after watching Kim fall off

47、the uneven parallel bars (again and again,Ellie came to her,and told her what she should do.Kim accepted Ellies suggestion,and did much better.Ellie felt very(18). She didnt notice the coach looking on from across the room.Over the next few weeks,Ellie tried to help the other girls.The team(19)each

48、time they competed,and they even won once!The following year,Ellie tried out for the gymnastics team again.This time,her name was on the list.She knew that it was her(20)of becoming a better team player that was responsible for her success.第2页，共19页13.A. poorB. perfectC. disappointingD. normal14.A. excitedlyB. nervouslyC. angrilyD. proudly15.A. luckB. performanceC. healthD. attitude16.A. inviteB. encourageC.chooseD. force17.A. wo