高中英语必修三第一单元讲义(10页).doc

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1、-高中英语必修三第一单元讲义-第 10 页Unit one Festivals around the world1、Discuss when they take place. 讨论一下它们什么时候发生。take place 发生When did the wedding take place? 婚礼是什么时候举行的。The opening of the play will take place tomorrow night. 这出戏明天晚上开始演出。易混辨析：happen; take place; break out 发生今天早上大街上发生了一起交通事故。过去三十年中国发生了巨大变化。第一次世界

2、大战1914年爆发。特别提示： （1）happen; take place; break out 都没有被动式。 （2）take the place of表示“代替的位置”。即时活用：1、A terrible accident _ on No.6 Street yesterday, where a couple were killed by a truck. A. folded B. broke out C. took place D. occurred 2、A quarrel _ last Sunday, and he _ his family.A. was broken out; brok

3、e away B. broke out; broke awayC. was broke out; broke away from D. broke out; broke away from 3、Dont you believe it! Glass can _ steel in many ways in life. A. take place of B. take the place of C. in place of D. instead of4、The question occurred to me _ we were to get the machines mended. A. that

4、B. what C. why D. where 5、When did the concert_?-Oh, two days ago.A. happened B. take place C. hold D. start2、At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.那个时候如果食物难找人会饿死的，尤其是寒冷的冬天。starve用法归纳：（1）饿死；挨饿 (vi.)Many children in Africa are starvin

5、g to death. 非洲的许多儿童正在被饿死。Because there is no food, the people are starving. 由于没有粮食，哪儿的人正在挨饿。（2）使挨饿(vt.)If you waste any food again, I will starve you. 如果你再浪费粮食，我就让你挨饿。Some people starve themselves to lose weight. 有些人在挨饿减肥。联想扩展：be starved of 很需要 starve for 渴望得到 starvation n. 挨饿；饿死3、For the Japanese f

6、estival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。in memory of 纪念；追念We held the meeting in memory of the soldiers who died in the war. 我们举行这个会议以纪念在战争中阵亡的将士。 联想扩展：in honor of_ in praise of_in search of _ in face of_ in need of_in def

7、ense of_in charge of _in possession of_in terms of_ in case of_in favor of_即时活用：Washington , a state in the United States , was named _ one of the greatest American presidents .A. in honor of B. instead of C. in favor of D. by means of4、The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old belief

8、s about the return of the spirits of dead people.西方节日万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。beliefs 信念特别提示：belief变复数时直接加s。名词的几种特殊变化（1）复数名词以“s”或“es”结尾，_（2）以o结尾的名词变复数，_ （3）以th. 结尾的名词加“s”后，th.发生音变的有：一个青年去洗澡，回来路上撇着嘴。即_ （4）以f结尾的名词变复数时大都变f为ves，但有几个直接加s变为复数。可归纳为：一个农奴（serf）从海湾（gulf）来到房顶（roof）上，找到首长（chief），有了证据（proof），增

9、加了信仰（belief）。 （5）名词修饰名词，除man和woman随后边的名词的单复数变化外，其余名词一律用单数。可以归纳为：所有名词都用单（数），男人女人随名词变化。即时活用： Where are you going to do your shopping? - I am going to the _.A. shoes B. shoe store C. shoes store D. shoes store5、It is now a childrens festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbors homes to as

10、k for sweets.现在成了一个儿童节日，节日期间孩子们打扮起来，去邻居家要糖果。dress up用法归纳：（1）打扮成某种样子；穿上最好的衣服The dress up as Father Cristmas during Cristmas. 圣诞节期间他们打扮成圣诞老人。Its only an informal party, you neednt dress up. 只是个非正式的聚会，你没必要打扮。 （2）把打扮起来Would you please dress the children up? 能把孩子们打扮一下吗？Why are you dressed up? 为什么要打扮？6、If

11、 the neighbors do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.如果邻居们不给他们糖果，孩子们就会作弄他们。play a trick on sb. 开玩笑； 欺骗It is acceptable to play tricks on your friends on April 1st.在愚人节那天作弄朋友是可以接受的。联想扩展：takeinto坑人trick sb. out of 骗取 play a joke on sb. 戏弄某人 have a joke 说笑话 make a joke about s

12、b. or sth. 拿某人或某事说笑话 laugh at sb.嘲笑某人make fun of sb. 取笑某人7、Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.由于他们的农产品，如最大的西瓜，或者最漂亮的公鸡，有些人会得到奖励的。award n.奖；奖品 v.授予；判定He won first award of talking big competition. 他在演讲大赛中获得了第一名。The school awar

13、ded Mary a prize for her good work. 由于她优秀的工作学校给玛丽发奖。易混辨析： award , prize , reward 奖award “奖，奖品”。对于优异成绩获卓越贡献经过评定后正式授予的奖励。奖励可以是精神的，也可以是物质的。其获得这并不一定参加某种竞赛，但其成绩却达到获奖水平。prize “奖赏，奖品”。确认某人在竞赛中取得优异成绩并给与特殊奖励。含有优胜者几经拼搏，胜利来之不易的意思。广义指极好的东西，珍品。reward “报答，酬劳”不指荣誉，指应得的报酬。即时活用：It is widely accepted that young babie

14、s learn to do things because certain acts lead to _. A. rewards B. prizes C. awards D. results8、The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.最富有生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天，迎来春天的日子。look forward to 盼望；希望The children are looking forwar

15、d to the Spring Festival. 孩子们盼望春节。I am looking forward to hearing from you. 希望收到你的来信。特别提示：look forward to句型中，to为介词，所以后面跟_。下列词组中的to为介词look forward to 希望 see to 处理；修理 be / get used to 习惯于 pay attention to 注意 get down to 开始认真做 lead to 引起；导致 devoteto 献身 stick to 坚持 object to 反对prefer doing to doing 比起后面

16、的更喜欢前面的 get around to 找时间做 live up to 不辜负refer to 查阅；适用于 belong to 属于 compareto 比作 turn to 查阅；求助于 add to 增加due to 由于 set about to 着手 be addicted to 沉迷于 adapt to 适应 agree to 同意即时活用：1、We all look forward _ your beautiful country.A. to visiting B. to visit C. to D. visiting2、Im looking forward to _to H

17、ong Kong .A. visiting B. my visiting C. visit D. my visit3、I was looking forward to _, but no letter came to me.A. hear him B. hearing him C. hearing from him D. hear4、Your mother and I are looking forward _ you.A. of seeing B. for seeing C. to see D. to seeing9、The country, covered with cherry tree

18、 flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. 整个国家到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像是覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。 as though=_似乎；好像 用法归纳：（1）表示与事实不相符的假设，从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气。 He treats me as though I were his son. 他对待我就好象我是他的儿子一样。 She was shaking with fear as though he had seen a ghost 她吓得直哆嗦，就好象看到了鬼一样。特别提示：as though或as if 引导的从句用虚拟语气条

19、件句的时态。（2）表示与事实相符的假设，.从句中的谓语动词不用虚拟语气。 It looks as though it is going to rain. 天看起来好像要下雨了。 It seems as though he knows everything. 他好像什么都懂。 即时活用： 1、It looks_ the coming autumn harvest will be even better than the last one. A. even if B. that C. as if D. like2、Holding his head high, he walked past the

20、soldiers _ they didnt exist. A. even if B. even though C. as D. as if10、People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. 人们喜欢聚在一起，吃饭、喝酒、互相开心的玩。have fun with 玩得开心 Did you have fun with the children yesterday? 昨天和孩子们一起玩得高兴吗？联想扩展：have fun _ 做某事开心 We had a lot of fun swimming in t

21、he swimming pool. 我们很开心的在游泳池里游泳。The children had great fun going outing today. 今天去郊游孩子们都很开心。即时活用：The children had _basketball.A. a great fun playing B. great fun playing C. great fun to play D. a great funny playing11、But she didnt turn up. 但是她没来。 turn up用法归纳：（1）出现For some reason he didnt turn up. 由

22、于某种原因他没来。Your lost pen may turn up some day. 你丢失的钢笔说不定那天就会出现。（2）把声音开大Please turn up TV, I cant hear it clearly. 把电视机声音开大点，我听不清楚。Turn up the gas, vegetables should be cooked quickly. 把煤气开大，菜要快炒。（3）发生某种情况I sense something will turn up. 我感觉有什么事要发生。No one knows what will turn up tomorrow. 没人知道明天会发生什么事情。

23、联想扩展：turn against 背叛 turn back 回来 turn down 拒绝；把声音关小 turn in 上交 turn into变成turn off关闭 turn on打开 turn out 结果是；原来是 turn over移交 turn to 查找；转向即时活用：1、The performance supposed to be popular _ to be a great disappointment after it was over.A. turned up B. turned down C. turned out D. turned over2、When you

24、refuse an offer, you turn it _.A. away B. out C. down D. off12、She said she would be there at seven oclock, and she thought she would keep her word. 她说她会七点到那儿的，他想她会遵守诺言的。 keep ones word 守信；遵守诺言 An honest man will always keep his word. 诚实的人总是会遵守诺言的。 I will keep my word, I will not tell anyone about i

25、t. 我会遵守诺言的，我不会告诉任何人。 联想扩展： keep ones chin up 不泄气 keep ones head 保持镇静 keep ones temper 不生气 break / eat ones word 食言 go back on ones word 食言 即时活用： 1、Its almost eight, but Tom hasnt turned up. He may not be here. He will. He never _ on his words.A. goes back B. comes back C. gives back D. gets back2、I

26、dont trust that man; he is the guy who _.A. never eat his word B. never keeps saying C. always eats his word D. keeps his word13、He was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize. 他不会低声下气的等她道歉。 hold ones breath 屏住呼吸 How long can you hold your breath in water? 你在水里能憋多长时间？ He held his breath an

27、d dived into water. 他吸了一口气，潜到水里。 联想扩展： catch ones breath 缓口气 lose ones breath 喘不过起来 out of breath 气喘吁吁 save ones breath 别白费力气 waste ones breath 白费力气 即时活用： The audience _ their breath as the acrobat walked along the tightrope .A. lose B. hold C. keep D. stop14、As Li Fang set off for home, 当李方动身回家的时候，

28、set off用法归纳： 动身；出发They set off on a fine morning. 他们在一个大晴天的早上出发。The car set off in a cloud of dust. 小车发动，扬起一股尘土。 燃放The children are setting fireworks off in the garden. 孩子们正在花园放鞭炮。Do be careful with these fireworks, a slight spark could set them off.这些烟火要特别小心，稍有火星就能引起爆炸。 引起；使发火That set all of them o

29、ff laughing again. 那使得他们有一次笑了。He was so angry now, a word from her would set him off. 他很生气，她说的任何一句话都可能使他发火。 触发The teachers word set off a heated debate. 老师的话引起了一场热烈的辩论。Careless handling of international relations can set off a war. 国际关系的粗心处理可能会引起一场战争。 衬的很好看The frame sets off your painting very well.

30、 这个画框很配你的画。联想扩展：set about 开始；散布 set back 往回拨；推迟 set aside 挑出；不顾；不理会 set apart 使分离；留出 set forth 动身；启程；阐明 set off 动身；出发；引爆 set oneself against 坚决反对 set out 动身；开始；装饰；摆放 set out to do sth 着手做 set about doing sth着手做 即时活用： 1、_in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States .A.

31、 Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding 2、Its ten years since the scientist _ on his lifes work of discovering the valuable chemical. A. made for B. set out C. took off D. turned up3、Having decided to rent a flat, we _ contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city. A. set abo

32、ut B. set down C. set out D. set up 4、Rita _ two hours every Sunday afternoon to spend with her son.A. set out B. set away C. set aside D. set off 5、The funny story _ a loud laugh in the classroom.A. got off B. set off C. took off D. turned out15、I dont want them to remind me of her. 我不想它们使我想起她。 rem

33、ind 用法归纳： （1）remind sb. about sth. 提醒某人某事Please remind me about the meeting this afternoon. 请提醒我下午的会议。Can you remind me about the time of the train? 能提醒我火车时间吗？（2）remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起 The boys story reminded me of my childhood. 那个孩子的经历使我想起了我的童年。 What he said reminded me of my unfinished work. 他的话

34、使我想起了我还没有做完的工作。（3）remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 Please remind me to get up at seven tomorrow morning. 明天早上七点叫我。 Remind him to post the letter. 提醒他发信。（4）remind sb. of doing sth.提醒某人已做过某事 Thank you for reminding me of giving back the money to you.谢谢你提醒我给你还过钱了。 即时活用： 1、This reminded us _ we did togethe

35、r during our holiday. A. about which B. of what C. of which D. about what2、A reminder is something which reminds somebody _ somebody or something else.A. from B. for C. with D. of16、Everyone who comes must be prepared to keep moving, as it is too cold to stand and watch for long. 要来的人必须准备好不停的走动，应为天太

36、冷你不可能站在那儿看很长时间。be prepared（1）准备，打算。 He is not prepared to help me. 他没打算要帮我。（2）对有准备A + toYou must be prepared to what he will say. 他会说什么你应该有所准备。B + forLi Ming is not prepared for the question. 李明没有准备这个问题。 即时活用：Seeing the soldiers well _ for the flood-fight, the general nodded with satisfaction.A. pre

37、paring B. prepared C. prepare D. having prepared17、One of the favorite events is the dog-sled race, in which teams of about six husky dogs pull long sleds at great speeds along a snowy track.最喜欢的一个比赛项目就是狗拉雪橇比赛，比赛中六个强壮的狗拉着雪橇高速的越过雪道。speed 速度用法归纳： （1）with great / all speed 高速The car is running with all

38、 speed. 汽车在高速奔跑。 （2）at top / high / low / the same / an ordinary speed 高速 / 低速 / 相同速度 /普通速度The two balls fell at the same speed and hit the ground at the same time.两个球以相同速度下落并且同时到达地面。 （3）at ( the speed of) + 数词 + 名词 + 时间单位 以每多大速度运行 Man-made satellites have to fly at the speed of 11.2 kilometers per

39、second to escape the earth gravity. 人造卫星必须以每秒11.2 公里的速度运行以摆脱地球引力。 即时活用：1、 I think John will win the race. - Yes, he started off _ a great speed.A. with B. at C. though D. by2、John may win the first prize. He has started _ the speed of 80 miles.A. at B. of C. on D. inHomework1. Being short of food, m

40、any people _ to death.A. hungered B. starved C. sentenced D. brought2. No matter how hard she worked, she couldnt _ her boss.-Isnt that the reason why she decided to resign?A. satisfy B. meet C. suit D. adapt3. She is _ her daughters progress in her study.A. satisfying with B. satisfied with C. sati

41、sfied at D. satisfying at4. After moving into the town, my wife did some washing for the rich so that we had just enough to _ our expenses.A. serve B. support C. satisfy D. cover5. You have _ time to get to the station.A. a plenty of B. plenty of C. a number of D. a great deal6. What a hard life the

42、y _! You should have helped him.A. had B. led C. played D. made7. Have you found the path _ to the forest?A. leading B. lead C. led D. is led8. For what reason did you build that monument? -In _ of the peoples heroes. A. memory B. hope C. praise D. favour9. You can turn to the manager who is _ the c

43、ompany for help.A. in the charge of B. in charge C. in charge of D. under charge of10. _ in her best clothes, the girl tried to make herself _ at the party.A. Dressed; noticed B. Dressing; to be noticed C. Get dressed; noticed D. Dressing; noticing11. You will have nothing to _, if you refuse to listen to our advice.A. gain B. grasp C. seize D. earn12. People generally think that smoking is a bad _.A. custom B. habit C. behavior D. action13. Three university departments have been _ $600,000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning.A. promoted B.