不定代词用法及练习(12页).docx

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1、-不定代词用法及练习-第 10 页不定代词的用法不定代词包括：复合不定代词和兼作形容词的不定代词1.复合不定代词：-body, -one, -thing; some-, any-, every-,no-Some-: someone, somebody, something.Any-: anyone, anybody, anything.Every-: everyone,everybody, everything.No-: no one, none, nobody, nothing.例子：(1)something和somebody可以表示某人，有人I need someone/somebody

2、to help meHas anyone/anybody ever heard of such a thing(2)Anybody和anyone在否定句及疑问句中用上,也可表示肯定句中的任何人。I didnt know anyone/anybody at the party.Anyone can see through you.She felt that she could do it better than anyone else.(3)everyone与everybody表示每个人，与not连用表示部分否定，Everyone/Everybody present laughed, inclu

3、ding me.Not everyone/everybody can work out this problemEveryone/Everybody cant be good at paintingEvery one 与everyone Everyone指的是每个人，不指物 后面不能加of 短语Every one 可指人和物，后面可以跟of短语Is everyone here todayHis books are wonderful. I have read every one of them.(4)something与anything共同点：都可以表示某物，某事Something用于肯定句中

4、，anything用于在疑问句中Anything，用于在肯定句中表示任何事物，在否定句中任何事物都没有They saw something in the sky.Is there anything special you want to do or see in Bejing？You can buy anything you want So I dont eat anything thats been cooked in oil.(5)everything 与nothing Peter loves dreaming about everythig.Alice had nothing to do

5、.PS:不定代词后面加形容词：Do you have anything interesting to tell usI have nothing important to deal with now.(6)nodody 与no one Nobody/ No one knows the secretI have no one/nobody to talk to.PS:Somebody 与nobody作名词表示：是个人物，无名小卒，小人物I was nothing and nobody with everything to prove.He is somedody in the city.all,

6、 another, any, both, each, either, few, little, many, much, neither, other, some.2兼作形容词的不定代词;(1)Some 与anySome修饰可数名词复数与不可数名词，表示一些，在肯定句中Any在于否定句，疑问句和条件句之中。Some of these singers were able to sing English songs just as well as native speakers.There arent any astronauts in the spacecraft.Are there any go

7、od museums in the cityPS: 在wolud开头的请求疑问句中 用someWould you like some coffeeAny在肯定句中表示任何一个，任何一些You can buy this book at any 在否定句中not any 表示noYou can buy this book at any bookstore in our city.There arent any buses after midnight.There are no buses after midnight.Some表示某个，修饰单数可数名词。Some person is asking

8、to see you.(2) many, much, few, a few, little, a little修饰或指代可数名词Many许多Few很少A few 几个修饰或指代不可数名词Much 许多Little 很少A little 少许PS：Many与much的区别Many修饰或指代可数名词的复数 Much修饰或者指代不可数名词Much/many+of+限定词(the或者形容词性物主代词)+名词/代词：不定代词+（of + 限定词 ）+ 名词/代词，表示.中的很多English can help us understand many books and movies.You are afr

9、aid of too much homework.How many of you have worked out this problemMuch of her money was spent on clothes.few, a few；little, a littleFew是many的反义词，表示很少，具有否定意义；a few 表示“一些，几个”，具有肯定意义，二者用来修饰或者指代可数名词的复数little是much的反义词，表示很少，具有否定意义；a little表示少许，具有肯定意义，二者用来指代和修饰不可数名词。There were few people living there.It

10、s polite to take a few flowers as a gift.There is little time left.She can speak a little Chinese.PS:only a few意思为“仅几个”；Only a little意思为“仅一点儿”Not a few表示“不少”；not a little意思为“很多”Only a few kilometers.I can speak only a little English.I have made not a few good friends here.I am sorry to give you not

11、a little trouble.A little 与 a bit都可以指代不可数名词a little 后面直接加名词，a bit+of+名词not a little十分，非常not a bit 一点也不He is not a little angry.他非常生气He is not a bit angry.他一点也不生气(3)all each 与every none【1】All作代词时，修饰或指代可数名词复数，指三者或三者以上的人或事。修饰或指代不可数名词，指“一切”All are here. So lets get started.I brought all of them.She had

12、read them all.He called up all his friends and told them about the problems.He has run out of all the money.PS:作否定时,部分否定，表示并非所有的Not all of us agreed to the plan.All of us do not agree to the plan.(我们并非都同意这个计划)None of us agree to the plan.【2】each可作主语，宾语，定语，同位语；后加of的时候若作主语，后面谓语动词用单数Each of the answers

13、 is right.We each have our own car.=Each of us has our own car.【3】every 从整体的角度说明，用于三者或者三者以上的场合，只能作定语，修饰可数名词单数，在every+名词中，谓语动词用单数。Every student in the class likes English.【4】none 只起指代作用，作主语，宾语，表语，意思是“没有一点儿”None可以与of连用，作主语时。若指代可数名词，则谓语单复数皆可；若指代不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数。None have/has arrived.None of them speak(s)

14、 English.PS: no one 指的人，不加of None 既可以指人也可以指的物，既可指代可数名词，也可指代不可数名词no one是对who 的回答none是对how many，how much的回答eg: Who told you the newsNo one.How much money have you got on youNone.How many student have signed to join the clubNone(4)both either 与neitherBoth 表示两者都，修饰或者指代可数名词的复数，作主语时，谓语动词用复数Either表示两者中的一个，

15、neither表示”两者都不”，做主语时，谓语动词用单数。Both of us want to go Both her children go to the same school.Either of you could do it.I think either method will work.Did you see Peter and MikeNo, I saw neither of them.Neither answer is correct.PS：both表示否定的时候是部分否定，“两者并不都”Both my parents are not for my plan. 我父母并不都支持我

16、的计划。Not both my parents are for my plan. 我父母并不都支持我的计划。Neither my parents is for my plan. 我父母都不支持我的计划。Both作同位语在实义动词之前，在系动词，be动词和情态动词之后。We both went to the cinema last night.Are your parents both teachers.Yes. They both are.The couple have both lived here for years.Either 与neitherIf you dont go, I won

17、t, either.(neither will I)You could borrow some money from your brother.No, he doesnt have any money, either.(5)another, other(s),the other(s)Another 表示另一个，指代或者修饰可数名词的单数，Another后有few或者是大于一的基数词的时候，可以接可数名词的复数。I cant go to the party, maybe another time.I dont like this one, please show me another.You h

18、ad better stay at hospital for another few days.He will be back in another ten days. Other 泛指其他的，不能单独用，只能修饰名词Others=other+可数名词复数，泛指另一些，与some一起连用。Give me some other examplesSome boys are playing football, and others are playing baskerball.The other 指的是两者中的另一个，部分可以单独用，也可以后面接到名词The others=the other+可数名

19、词的复数“一定范围内其余的人或者是物”He has two sons, one is a doctor,and the other is a soldier.On the other side of the street, there is a supermarket.I have got ten pencils. Two of them are red, the others are blue.(6)one的用法不定代词one既可以指人也可以指代物，只能单独使用。复数形式用ones，所有格为ones, 反身代词用oneself。&one只能代替前面已经出现过的可数名词单数，为避免重复复数on

20、es代替可数名词的复数，泛指某些人，某些物。His pen was broken, so she needed a new one.I want larger ones, not small ones.&one 或者ones前面有the, this, that, these，those等时，特指某些人，某些物。Which woman The one in the red coat.The woolen ones are hanging there.t.几组常用不定代词的区别：1.代词比较one，that 和itone表示泛指，指名称相同的另一物，或所提到的人或物中的一个。that和it 表示特

21、指。that与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个，而it 与所指名词为同一个。 I cant find my hat. I think I must buy one.The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.I cant find my hat. I don t know where I put it.?用 法代名词形容词单数复数单数复数不定another另一个others别人，其他人another (boy)另一个（男孩）other (boys)其他男孩特定the other另一个the others其余那些人、物the other (boy)

22、另一个男孩the other (boys)其余那些男孩1）other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别的”。 Where are his other books I havent any other books except this one.2）other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成“the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ., the other .”句型。 He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old. She held a

23、ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other. 3）other作代词用时，可以有复数“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some ., others .”句型。 Some went to the cinema, others went swimming. This coat is too large. Show me some others, please.4）“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。 We got home by 4 oclock, but the others didnt

24、 get back until 8 oclock. In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.5）another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one. You can see another ship in the sea, cant you Mary doesnt want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one6）another也可以作代词用，表示“另一个”。 Im still hungry after Ive ha

25、d this cake. Please give me another.5. every 和each的用法1)every 强调全体的概念， each强调个体概念。 Every student in our school works hard. Each student may have one book. 2)every 指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，each指两个以上的人或物 (含两个)。3)every不可以作状语，each可作状语。4)every 有反复重复的意思，如 every two weeks等； each没有。5)every 与not 连用，表示部分否定； each 和not连用表

26、示全部否定。 Every man is not honest. Each man is not honest. 6. all和both的用法。1）all和both都表示整体，但all 都，指三者以上。both都，指两者。在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语。 All of us like Mr. Pope. 我们都喜欢Pope先生。（作主语） = We all like Mr. Pope. (作同位语) All the water has been used up. (作主语) Thats all for today. (作表语) Why not eat all (of) the fis

27、h (作宾语) All the leaders are here./All knowledge comes from practice. (作定语)2）both 和 all 加否定词是部分否定。如果表示全部否定，要分别用neither和none。Both of us are not good at singing. Neither of us is good at singing. All of the teachers are not foreigners. None of the teachers are foreigners. . 注意：all与none用法一样。跟单数名词，用单数动词；

28、跟复数名词，用复数动词。 All of the students are there. All (of) the milk is there. 7.neither 与 nor的用法1) 如前句是否定式从句，则主句用neither，而不用 nor。 If you dont do it，neither should I.如果你不干，我也不干。2) 如后连续有几个否定句式，则用nor，不用neither。 He cant sing，nor dance，nor skate.8.neither和either的用法1）neither 表示“两者都不”，neithernor 意为“既不又不”。 either

29、 表示“两者中的任何一个”，eitheror 意为“或是，或是”Neither of the answer is right.I have neither time nor money to take a trip.Either sentence is right.You can either go or stay.9.many, much的用法 Many，much都意为许多， many + 可数名词，much + 不可数名词。 How many people are there at the meeting Many of the workers were at the meeting.10

30、.anyone/any one；no one/none的用法1) anyone 和 any one anyone仅指人，any one既可指人，也可指物。2) no one 和none a) none 后跟of短语，既可指人又可指物，而no one只单独使用，只指人。 b) none 作主语，谓语动词用单，复数均可，而no one作主语谓语动词只能是单数。 None of you could lift it. 你们中没有人可举起它。 - Did any one call me up just now-刚才有人打电话给我吗 - No one. -没有。11、代词it的用法：1）指代前面提到过的事

31、物。如：Of course , I love junk food too, but I try to eat it only once a week.2)用来代替指示代词this 或that。如：-Whats this-Its a pencil.3）指婴儿或不明身份的人。如：Someone is knocking at the door, please go and see who it is.4）指时间和季节。如：-Whats the time now-Its ten oclock.5)表天气。如：-Whats the weather like today-Its sunny.6)表距离。如

32、：How far is it from your home to your school？7）用作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：a. It is adj.+(for sb ) to do sth. 如：It is important for us to work hard.b. Its time to do /for /that如：Its time to get up/ for lunch/f that we went home.c. It seems that It seems that he is quite happy.d. Its ones turn to do Its your tur

33、n to answer my question.e. Its + adj. +that如：Its necessary that you should be present at the meeting.8）作形式宾语。如：Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line9)引导强调句型 “It is /was + 被强调部分 + that / who + 其他成分”。如：It was yesterday that we went to see a film.巩固练习： . Choose the best answer( ) 1. This i

34、s a very old song, so _ young people know it.A: few B: little c: a few D: a little( ) 2. The two fishermen saw _ in the sky while they were fishing by a river. A: something strange B: anything strange C: strange something D: strange anything( ) 3. There arent many oranges here, but you can take _ if

35、 you want to. A: few B: a few C: a little D: little( ) 4. There are twenty teachers in this grade. Eight of them are women teachers and _ are men teachers. A: the other B: the others C: others D: other( ) 5. My sports shoes are too small. I want to buy _ pair. A: the others B: the other C: other D:

36、another( ) 6. I didnt like the cross talk. _ of the actors was funny. A: Both B: All C: Neither D: Either( ) 7. _ of us has read the story. A: Some B: Both C: All D: None( ) 8. Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running, some like swimming, _ like ball games. A: the others B: other

37、s C: the other D: other( ) 9. There are many high-rises on _ side of Huaihai Road. What a magnificent view! A: either B: neither C: both D: all( ) 10. Shanghai Waihuan tunnel is already open to traffic, so it will take us _ time to go to Pudong International Airport. A: a few B: fewer C: a little D:

38、 less( ) 11. Not long ago, our country set up a rocket with two small satellites into space. One weighed 204 kilos and _ 25 kilos. A: another B: other C: others D: the other( ) 12. In order to keep healthy, you should eat _ fast food, _ fresh vegetables and take enough exercise. A: fewer; fewer B: l

39、ess; more C: fewer; more D: less; less( ) 13. Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars. _ of them have set a good example to us. A: All B: Neither C: Both D: None( ) 14. Mr. Smith is quite busy today. He has _ meetings to attend. A: little B: a little C: few D: a few( ). 15. Obey the tra

40、ffic rules and learn to protect yourself. _ is more important than life. A: Nothing B: Something C: Everything D: Anything( ) 16. Can we do our work better with _ money and _ people A: less, few B: less, fewer C: little;, less D: few, less( ) 17. He has two flats in London. However, _ is new. A: bot

41、h B: neither C: all D: none( ) 18. There is _ with your watch. It gets slower every day. A: nothing wrong B: something wrong C: wrong something D: wrong nothing( ) 19. It seems that he has got _ to show us. Lets go and enjoy it. A: something interesting B: interesting something C: nothing something

42、D: interesting nothing( ) 20. _ of your answer is right. Please try a third time. A: Neither B: None C: Either D: Both( ) 21. _ Kathy _ Alice _ at home last Sunday. A: Neither, nor, were B: Both, and, was C: Either, or, was D: Not only, but also, were( ) 22. _ of the winners has been awarded a prize

43、. A: Every B: everyone C: Each D: Both( ) 23. There is _ ink in my pen. Would you give me _ A: little, a little B: a little, little C: few, a few C: a few, few( ) 24. The days in winter are shorter than _ in summer. A: those B: that C: these D: them( ) 25. They dont go to Europe for holiday, _. A: n

44、either will we B: neither do we C: so will we D: so we will( ) 26. It must be your first time to meet each other. Let me do the introduction. _ is Mr. Smith. A: He B: There C: This D: That ( ) 27. Im hungry. I want _ to eat. _ can do. A: something, Something B: anything, Anything C: something, Anything D: anything, Something( ) 28. _ of us likes this song in our class. A: None B: No one C: All D: Both( ) 29. I have a sister and two brothers. _ of them are now in Japan. A: Both