江西省肉牛产业发展模式研究_陈涛.docx
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1、 W . i ABSTRACT . II tlf S . 1 1 问 题 提 出 .1 1.1肉牛产业发展的重要战略意义 .1 1.2研宄的背景 .2 2国内外肉牛产业研宄进展 .2 2.1国内肉牛产业发展现状 .2 2.2国外肉牛产业发展现状 .4 3国内外肉牛产业发展模式研宄进展 .5 4论文研宄方法及技术路线 .8 5论文研究内容和创新之处 .9 第二章江西省肉牛产业的基本概述 .11 1江西省的基本概述 .11 2江西省的肉牛产业的基本情况 .12 3江西省肉牛产业发展的问题及分析 .16 第三章江西肉牛产业发展环境及发展态势分析 .18 1基于 PEST分析法对江西省肉牛产业发展的宏
2、观环境分析 .18 2基于波特五力分析法对江西省肉牛产业发展的微观环境分析 .21 3基于 SWOT分析法对江西肉牛产业发展态势分析 .23 4江西省肉牛产业发展环境和发展态势总结 .28 第四章江西省肉牛产业发展模式的选择 .30 1江西省肉牛产业发展模式选择原则 .30 1.1注重可持续发展的原则 .30 1.2因地制宜充分发挥地区资源优势和区位优势的原则 .30 1.3重视肉牛产业参与者经济效益原则 .31 1.4适应外部社会环境和市场环境能力的原则 .31 2江西省肉牛产业发展模式选择的总体思路 .31 3江西省肉牛产业发展模式选择分析 . 32 第五章江西省肉牛产业发展模式实证分析
3、一一 以高安市为例 . 35 1高安市肉牛产业发展环境 . 35 2高安市肉牛产业发展模式实施情况实证分析 . 37 2.1循环农业发展模式实证分析 . 37 2.2合作组织型发展模式实证分析 . 39 第六章结论 . 44 参考文献 . 46 it i射 . 50 摘要 我国肉牛产业正发生翻天覆地的变化,由传统的家庭副业发展成为当前农业和农 村经济活跃的重要产业,发展为促进农业增效和农民增收的重要产业,发展为推动农 村实现循环经济的重要产业。近年来,肉牛生产在数量上和规模上都得到了快速的扩 张,技术不断进步,组织化不断提高,产业链不断完善。但是肉牛产业也面临着许多 前所未有的问题及前所未有的
4、挑战,主要表现为牛肉质量低下,肉牛业结构不合理, 肉牛个体生产能力低,生态和环境保护压力越来越大等方面。当前我国肉牛产业正处 于重要的转型时期,选择合适的发展模式对肉牛产业的持续稳定发展 以及产业效益的 提升具有重要的意义。 本文采用 PEST分析法和波特五力分析法对江西省肉牛产业发展的宏观和微观环 境进行了分析;并采用 SWOT分析方法对江西肉牛发展态势进行了研宄,分析出了 江西省具有区域优势,词草资源丰富,肉牛存栏充足,同时江西省肉牛产业单一,没 有对牛肉进行多元化开发,牛肉品质不好,品牌概念不强,生产技术落后,生产规模 化程度低。因此,江西肉牛产业要转型就必须创新,改变现有的生产模式和经
5、营模式, 应该利用经济和政策杠杆对江西省肉牛产业进行产业化和生态化发展。因此,选择了 应以种草养牛为基础 的循环农业发展模式和以组织带动型产业化经营形成的合作组 织型发展模式的两种发展模式予以研究。 通过对江西省高安市的两种肉牛产业发展模式分别对发展环境和实施情况进行 了实证分析,结果表明: ( 1)发展环境实证分析结果:高安市地理条件和自然资源 优越,肉牛产业基础好,同时政府在牛源建设、品种改良、产业组织、金融服务、饲 草资源的开发和养殖技术等方面进行扶持,为高安市提供了产业化和生态化发展肉牛 产业的良好环境。 ( 2)实施情况实证分析结果: 循环农业发展模式:充分利用南 方雨量充沛,光照充
6、足,牧草产量高的优势,通过 种草与养牛的结合,牧草的潜在效 益就能有效地转化和增值,并且以沼气为纽带,形成了一个各个产业之间的良性循环, 生态环保低碳。因此,循环农业发展模式在江西省值得推广,而且完全可行。 合作 组织型发展模式:通过合作社农户建立合作关系,统一牛源采购、肉牛外销、牛词料 加工等产前、产中、产后服务工作,降低了生产成本,增强了养殖户抗风险的能力, 形成利益共同体构成了 “ 利益均沾,风险共担 ” 的局面,有利肉牛产业的可持续发展, 合作组织型发展模式在江西省值得推广,而且完全可行。 关键词:江西省;肉牛产业;发展模式;发展战略 I ABSTRACT Chinas beef ca
7、ttle industry is undergoing tremendous change, from the traditional household sideline to current prospering agricultural and economic activity, becoming an important industry that promotes agricultural efficiency, farmers incomes and circular economy development in the rural areas. In recent years,
8、 beef cattle production has been seen a rapid expansion in the number and scale, with husbandry technology, industrial organization and industrial chain continuing to progress. But the beef cattle industry is facing unprecedented challenges, mainly for low-quality beef problem, irrational industry s
9、tructure and increasing pressure in ecological and environmental protection. Chinas beef cattle industry is at an important transition, thus an appropriate commercial mode being of great significance to sustain the stable development of the beef cattle industry and enhance industrial efficiency. By
10、using PEST analysis and Porters five forces analysis method, we analyzed macro-and micro- economic environment of the beef cattle industry in Jiangxi Province; SWOT method has been applied to evaluate economic advantages and disadvantages of beef cattle manufacturing industry in Jiangxi Province, an
11、d we found that Jiangxi had rich forage crop resources, sustained sufficient cattle stocks, and gained regional edge for its close to the coastal developed areas; However, duo to less diversified development on consumption, beef cattle industry in Jiangxi province remained monotonous cattle manufact
12、ure style. Meanwhile, lack of high quality cattle breeds made it hard to build such famous beef brands that could help establish a positive and large-scale market, therefore forcing current backward manufacturing technology to escalate. In conclusion, first, only with leverage of financial and polic
13、y support towards economy-scalable and environment-friendly development of beef cattle industry would Jiangxi province change the existing mode of production and management pattern. Based on up-to-date facts, we did research about effects on beef cattle industrilization of planting-breeding combined
14、 cyclic farming mode and leader-motivating agricultural cooperative mode. Empirical analysis, carried out on beef cattle industry development modes,environment and management impacts for them in Gao5an city of Jiangxi province, shows that: (1) in environment perspective: Gaoan citys superior geograp
15、hical conditions and natural resources, good beef cattle industry foundation, and government aids in breed sources construction, breed improvement, industrial organization, financial services, development of forage grass resources and breeding technology improvement altogether offer Gaoan an agreeab
16、le industrial and ecological environment for the development of beef cattle industry; (2) in management perspective, 1) cyclic agricII model takes full advantages of abundant rainfall, sunlight and herbage yield in southern china , thus combining cattle breeding and grass planting and effectively co
17、nverting potential benefits of forage grass into additional value of beef cattle, and with methane as a bond, it can form a virtuous cycle between each industry, with a consequence in an ecologically-sustainable low-carbon economy. Circular agriculture development model, therefore, is worth promotin
18、g in Jiangxi province. 2) leader-motivating agricultural cooperative mode is operated through the establishment of collaboration between farmer-cooperatives and leading enterprises. So farmers access to the market became such dependent on cooperative that it served farmers from calf introduction, fe
19、ed purchase, husbandry management and guidance to beef distribution to the market, which reduced susceptibility to unpredictable market because of uni-structure of family retailers. This mode results in an interest-sharing, risk-splitting community, which is favorable for sustainable development of
20、beef cattle industry, but also cracking benefit contradiction between farmers, enterprises and consumers. Such a win-win mode that is also feasible in Jiangxi Province needs to be promoting province-wide as well. KEY WORDS: Jiangxi province Beef cattle industry Development strategy Development model
21、 HI 第 一 章 前 言 当人类的袓先打猎品尝到牛肉滋味和把牛绘制在岩洞的石壁上开始,牛在人类的 生活中就开始发挥着重要的作用。无论是作为财富的象征,还是作为食物、衣物以及 役力的来源,牛与人类都结下了不解之缘。 几个世纪以来,农业系统一直在不断发展与进步。肉牛产业的出现源于一种共识, 即肉牛和其他畜禽的驯化为人类提供了源源不断的食品、纤维皮革和役力等资源。当 肉牛产业的发展生产效率迅速提高,允许人们将肉牛饲养作为一种职业,而不是仅仅 生产自己所需的食物,肉牛产业的组织结构开始变得复杂化了。 随着科学技术的进步和信息的爆炸,己经将农业的生产能力提升到很高的程度。 肉牛产业一直面临着挑战,在当
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