20届 高考英语必刷卷（新课标卷）02（解析版）.pdf

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1、1 2020 年高考必刷卷（新课标卷）02 英语 （考试时间：90 分钟试卷满分：120 分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）分） 第一节第一节 （共（共 15 小题小题；每小题每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分）分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、

2、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A FOUR BEST BOOKSHOPS IN LONDON Looking for something to read while in London? If so, youre in luck: the British capital happens to have an incredible collection of bookshops. Daunt Books Are you going on a trip and want to read a novel or nonfiction book set in the place youre

3、 headed? This bookshop arranges books by country, so its easy to find anything by place. (83 Marylebone High Street. Monday-Saturday: 09:00-19:30; Sunday: 11:00-18:00.) Foyles Books Dig, if you will, the picture: four miles of shelves holding up to 200,000 books. This legendary (传奇的) bookshop is imp

4、ossible to leave empty-handed. It was once listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as the biggest bookshop on the planet. (107 Charing Cross Road. Monday-Saturday: 9:00-21:00; Sunday: 11:30-18:00.) Hatchards In the year 1797, this London bookshopthe oldest in the city todayfirst flicked on its

5、lights. It stocks an excellent selection of fiction, nonfiction, history and other genres. (187 Piccadilly Street. Monday-Saturday: 09:30-20:00; Sunday: 12:00-18:30.) London Review Bookshop Theres an excellent selection of history, philosophy, politics, new fiction and many other genres here. Plus,

6、theres a nice cafe in which you can crack open that tome (巨著) for the first time and start reading. (14 Bury Place. Monday-Saturday 10:00-18:30; Sunday 12:00-18:00.) 1. Which bookstore was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records? 2 A. Daunt Books.B. Foyles Books. C. Hatchards.D. London Review B

7、ookshop. 2. What is special about Hatchards? A. It has a long history.B. It has 200,000 books. C. It has a cafe.D. It has both fiction and nonfiction books. 3. Which place should you go to if you want to enjoy reading with a coffee? A. 83 Marylebone High Street.B. 107 Charing Cross Road. C. 187 Picc

8、adilly Street.D. 14 Bury Place. 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伦敦最好的四个书店。 1. B 【解析】细节理解题。由第三段中 It was once listed in the Guinness Book of World Records.可知，Foyles Books 被列入 Guinness Book of World Records 之中。故选 B。 2.A 【解析】 细节理解题。 由第四段中 In the year 1797, this London bookshopthe oldest in the city todayfirst flicke

9、d on its lights.可知，Hatchards，这座城市最古老的的书店，1979 年第一次营业。所以 Hachards 的 特别之处是它历史悠久。故选 A。 3. D【解析】 细节理解题。 由最后一段theres a nice cafe in which you can crack open that tome (巨著) for the first time and start reading (14 Bury Place. Monday-Saturday 10:00-18:30; Sunday 12:00-18:00.)可知，在 14 Bury Place。你可以边喝咖啡边看书。故

10、选 D。 B My daughter was being thrown out of the sixth grade. The teacher said to me, “She may not be up to what were trying to accomplish.” He was really saying she didnt have the intelligence. I got mad because I knew she was smart, just as my father had known I was smart when I was failing in schoo

11、l. We had her tested and found that the troubles my daughter was having were the same as those I had had. I decided to get tested as well. She was dyslexic, and so was I. By then I was a successful television writer and producer. Id won an Emmy for “The Rockford Files.” Had I known earlier, though,

12、that there was a reason beyond my control to explain why I was a low achiever, I may not have worked so hard in my late 20s and early 30s. I was writing and writing. I was working for no other reason than to hear people praise me. I needed that praise because I was carrying around the failure in stu

13、dies. I did badly in all my courses. I once asked a friend who had always gotten an A, “How long did you study for this?” He said, “I didnt. I just glanced at it.” So what do I take from that? He must be smarter than I am. I began to ask, “What will happen to me when Im not good at anything?” Despit

14、e my doubts, I did become successful, and people now say to me, “So 3 youve overcome dyslexia.” No. You dont overcome it, you learn to compensate for it. Some easy things are very hard for me. Most people who go through college read at least twice as fast as I do. I avoid dialing a phone if I can, b

15、ecause I sometimes have to try three times to get the number right. I get that recording “The number you have reached is not in service” more than any man on earth. Despite my weaknesses I view dyslexia as a gift, not a curse (诅咒). Many dyslexics are good at right- brain, abstract thought, and thats

16、 what my kind of creative writing is. And I can write quickly I go like wind and can get up to 15 pages a day. Writing is not the problem. Thats my strength. The real fear I have for dyslexic is not that they have to struggle with regular school studies, but that they will quit on themselves before

17、they get out of school. Parents have to create victories whenever they can, whether its music, sports or art. You can make your dyslexic child able to say, “Yeah, readings hard. But I have these other things I can do.” 4. The writer decided to get himself tested probably because _. A. he wanted to k

18、now if they had the same problem B. he accepted that his daughter was not smart C. he didnt （realize the problem with his daughter D. his father had the same troubles as they did 5. What can you infer from the second paragraph? A. The writer struggled hard and finally ended with good grades. B. The

19、writer was thankful not knowing of his dyslexia before. C. Dyslexia made the writer a low achiever all through his life. D. People praised the writer because they knew he had dyslexia. 6. The word “dyslexia” can be interpreted as _. A. hearing disabilityB. low in intelligence C. mental illnessD. dis

20、order of reading 7. Which of the following proverbs can best summarize the main idea? A. Never judge a person by his appearance. B. God never shuts one door but he opens another. C. If at first you dont succeed, try, try again. D. No one can make a good coat with bad cloth. 【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。作者得知女儿患了阅读障碍

21、，回想到自己读书时遇到的同样的艰辛，作 4 者用自己努力换来的成功经历告诉我们，遇到困难只要不放弃，总会取得成功。 4.A【解析】 细节理解题。 根据第一段 We had her tested and found that the troubles my daughter was having were the same as those I had had. I decided to get tested as well. She was dyslexic, and so was I.可知，作者给女儿 做了检查，发现女儿遇到的麻烦和作者一样。故作者也决定接受检查。答案选 A。 5.B【解析】

22、推理判断题。根据第二段第一句 Had I known earlier, though, that there was a reason beyond my control to explain why I was a low achiever, I may not have worked so hard in my late 20s and early 30s.（如 果我早一点知道，有一个我无法控制的原因来解释为什么我是一个低成就者，我可能不会在我快 30 岁 和 30 岁出头的时候如此努力工作。 ）可知，作者很庆幸以前不知道自己患有诵读困难症。故选 B。 6.D 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第一

23、段老师描述女儿在学校的学习表现和第四段作者与经常得 A 的朋友之 间的对话可知，作者和女儿一样遇到了阅读障碍，故 dyslexia 意为“阅读障碍”，故选 D。 7.B【解析】主旨大意题。作者通过回忆自己读书时遇到艰辛但仍不放弃，用自己努力换来的成功经历告 诉我们，遇到困难只要不放弃，总会取得成功。God never shuts one door but he opens another.（天无绝 人之路）符合语境。故选 B。 C Sometimes, you just cant help it. Maybe youre watching a sad movie, or thinking ab

24、out the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, you feel pressure in your throat, your eyes are watering, and you have tears running down your cheeks. According to Ad Vingerhoets, a professor of psychology at Tilburg University, in the Netherlands, who is one of the few scientists in the world w

25、ho have studied crying, there are three types of tears. Basal tears are the first type. They act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the World. Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them. Finally, there are emotional tears. “These are released in

26、 response to emotional states,” explains Vingerhoets. Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other. “Humans are very complex social creatures,” says Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. It seems th

27、at tears serve to arouse help and support from others,” She says. Vingerhoets agrees, I think that the reason why humans shed tears（流眼泪）has something to do with our childhood, he says. thats the time when we are still dependent on adults for love and protection and care. The major advantage of emoti

28、onal tears is that you can target them at a specific person. Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention. In this case, it is better to use a silent signal to ask for help, he sa

29、ys. Vingerhoets and Byhma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry. According to Byhma, there 5 is still much more to discover. Its surprising, she says, how much we still dont know.” 8. In the scientists opinion, crying is _. A. a sign of human evolutionB. a result of human kindness

30、C. a cause of personal growthD. a means of relying on each other 9. The underlined phrase this ability in the last paragraph refers to the ability to _. A. seek help wiselyB. aim tears at someone C. cry emotionallyD. appeal to other people 10. From the text, we learn thatAd Vingerhoets and Lauren By

31、lsma _. A. hold different opinions about the causes of tears B. think positively of the effects of tears C. are working together to study tears D. have learned enough about tears 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The types of tearsB. The components of tears C. The science of tearsD.

32、The opinions about tears 【语篇解读】这是一篇科普说明类文章。文章从科学的角度分析了哭的类型和哭的原因等内容。 8. D 【解析】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other”可知，科学家们认为哭与人类如何发展和学习彼此依靠 有关系。故可知哭是人们互相依靠的一种方法。D 选项正确。 9. B 【解析】词义猜测题。由第四段中的“The major advantage of emo

33、tional tears is that you can target them at a specific person.” Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention.”可知， Vingerhoets 认为泪水 的主要优势就是你可以将泪水指向一个特定的目标。这种能力在史前发挥了作用，当时人们生活在 危险的动

34、物中。泪水是获得注意的一种更安全的方式。由此可知，this ability 指将泪水指向一个特定 的目标的能力，故 B 选项正确。 10. B 【解析】推理判断题。由第三段和第四段中的“Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,” She says. Vingerhoets agrees”可知，Lauren Bylsma 和 Vingerhoets 都认为

35、泪水可以唤起别人的帮助和支持。结合选项可知， 他们都认可泪水的积极作用。故 B 选项正确。 11. C 【解析】标题归纳题。文章从科学的角度，分析了哭的种类，哭的原因等内容，故 C 选项适合做该文 标题。 6 D Take a walk through Washington and youll find plenty of marble memorials(纪念碑). But is that what the future of the memorial-rich city holds? If the winners of a new design competition have their

36、 way, probably not. The Memorials for the Future design competition invited submissions (意见书) from teams throughout the world. Though, the memorials selected wont actually be built in the city, they were intended to start a discussion about how to think of memorials in a very different future. Clima

37、te Chronograph, the winning project by Team Azimuth Land Craft, greatly departs from memorials as we know them. The project memorializes the harmful effects of climate change by suggesting a memorial at Hains Point, a spot between the Potomac River and Washington Channel. Just 100 years ago, the man

38、-made island was part of the river. It came into existence after the National Park Service decided to turn the confluence(合流点) of the waters into a tidal basin to protect the nearby National Mall from floods. Those floods are expected to come more and more often as the climate changes. Climate Chron

39、ograph will memorialize those changes by planting cherry trees as a kind of tidal gauge(潮位计) that can be used by future visitors to determine just how much water levels have risen. The other winning projects include a project that frees mechanical parrots that fly over the Jefferson Memorial and col

40、lect and retell stories about monuments，a podcast (播客) platform that puts immigrant stories on public transportation, and an interactive memorial that brings national parks to the D. C. Metro. The competition also produced a report that points to ways America can better memorialize the things that m

41、atterstrategies that could help cities save money and space. Thats good news, especially given that D. C. s iconic Mall has been closed to new construction. The memorials of the future wont just turn collective memories toward the stories of new phenomena and groups like climate change and immigrant

42、s. Rather, it seems that theyll make use of space in new creative waysno marble needed. 12. What is the purpose of the design competition? A. To select the best design team. B. To find new uses for old memorials. C. To design new memorials for Washington. D. To explore new ways of experiencing memor

43、ials. 13. What can be used to replace the underlined word “departs” in Paragraph 3? A. DiffersB. Benefits C. SuffersD. Learns 7 14. What do we know about Climate Chronograph? A. It will be located in a park. B. It will be built after the competition. C. It clearly shows the effects of climate change

44、. D. It uses high-tech equipment to measure climate change. 15. What would be the best title for the text? A.Amemorial to a sad future. B. Marble memorials are out of date. C. Climate Chronograph, memorial for our future. D. What will the memorials of the future look like? 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项设计未来纪

45、念碑的比赛中获胜者为一个名为 Climate Chronograph 的项目，可以清楚地显示气候变化的影响。竞赛还产生了一份报告，指出了美国可以更好地纪 念那些重要事物的方式帮助城市节省资金和空间的策略。未来的纪念碑会以新的创造性方式利用空间。 12. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中 Though, the memorials selected wont actually be built in the city, they were intended to start a discussion about how to think of memorials in a very diffe

46、rent future.（尽管如此， 所选的纪念碑实际上并不是建在这座城市里的，它们是为了在一个非常不同的未来如何看待纪念碑 而设计的。 ）可知设计比赛的目的是探索纪念碑体验的新方式。故选 D。 13.A【解析】 词义猜测题。 结合后文 The project memorializes the harmful effects of climate change by suggesting a memorial at Hains Point, a spot between the Potomac River and Washington Channel.可知该项目通过在 Hains Point(

47、位于 Potomac 河和华盛顿海峡之间)建造一座纪念碑来纪念气候变化的有害影响。这与人 们通常理解意义上的纪念碑有很大不同，故划线单词意思为“不同于”。故选 A。 14. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中 The project memorializes the harmful effects of climate change by suggesting a memorial at Hains Point（该项目通过在 Hains Point 建立纪念碑来纪念气候变化的有害 影响）可知 Climate Chronograph 清楚地显示了气候变化的影响。故选 C。 15. D【解析】主旨

48、大意题。根据第二段中 Though, the memorials selected wont actually be built in the city, they were intended to start a discussion about how to think of memorials in a very different future.（尽管如此， 所选的纪念碑实际上并不是建在这座城市里的，它们是为了在一个非常不同的未来如何看待纪念碑 而设计的。 ） 以及结合文章主要内容可知主要为以 Climate Chronograph 为例来说明未来的纪念碑可能 出现的方式，故 D 选项

49、“未来的纪念碑会是什么样子?”符合文章标题。故选 D。 第二节第二节 （共（共 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 10 分）分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 8 “The calm before the storm” is a very familiar expression. It is usually used to describe a peaceful period just before a very stressful situation or a tense argument. 16.They noted that before certain storms the seas would seem to become calm and the winds would drop. But why is it often so calm before a storm? 17.According to US website HowStuffWorks, a calm period occurs because many storms, tornadoes and hurricanes draw in all th