2021-2022学年上学期初中英语外研新版八年级期中必刷常考题之动词的用法.docx

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1、2021-2022学年上学期初中英语外研新版八年级期中必刷常考题之动词的用法一.选择题（共25小题）（2019 秋横县期中）I some reading when you called me last night.（）A. didB. was doingC. am doingD. were doing（2014丽水）Hurry up!The sky is covered with black clouds. Im afraid it.（）A. rainsB. is going to rainC. rainedD. was raining（2019 秋西城区校级期中）- Tony, where*

2、s your mum?- Oh, she in the kitchen.（）A. cooksB. is cookingC. cookedD. will cook（2020 秋河西区期中）-Whafs your aunfs plan for tomorrow?-She to the theatre to see the Beijing Opera.（）A. goB. will goC. wentD. goes（2018 秋肇源县校级期末）Alice her grandparents with her father next month.A. is going to visitB. visitsC

3、. visitedD. visit（2019 秋西城区校级期中）My friends and I the zoo next weekend.（）A. visitB. visitedC. to visitD. will visit（2019 秋西城区校级期中）-Where did you watch the basketball game?-I it in the Capital Stadium.（）A. will watchB. watchedC. watchesD. am watching（2020 秋河东区期中）Mike is a good boy. He often to help hi

4、s classmates.（）A. forgetsB. paysC. offersD. starts（2020 秋河东区期中）- Why not tickets ahead of time? His concert is sopopular.-Its a good idea.（）A bookA bookB . to bookC. bookingD. bookedinto the reading room.()A not to bringB. not bringC. doesn!t bringD. bring not【考点】动词的固定搭配.【分析】老师告诉学生们不要把任何食物和饮料带进阅览室。【

5、解答】tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事，故排除B、C Do应选：Ao【点评】熟悉动词固定搭配的用法，结合题意，给出答案。20. (2020 秋和平区校级期中)With the development of society, our environment is becoming worse and worse.So we should do what we can our environment.()A. to protectB. protectC. protecting D. protected【考点】不定式.【分析】随着社会的开展，我们的环境越来越差。所以我

6、们应该尽我们所能保护我们的 环境。【解答】根据语境推测句意是“我们应该尽我们所能保护环境。”设空处前面的do what we can意思是“尽我们所能what we can作do的宾语，其后跟动词不定式表目的。应选：Ao【点评】掌握动词的用法是解题关键。21. (2020 秋新邱区期中)They dont agree football after school.()A. with playB. playingC. to playD. about play【考点】不定式.【分析】他们不同意放学后踢足球。【解答】根据题干，可知考查agree to do sth同意做某事。应选：Co【点评】熟悉不定

7、式的用法，结合题意，给出答案。22. (2020 秋马山县期中)Remember your homework on time.()A. to finishB. finishC. finishingD. not do【考点】不定式.【分析】记得按时完成作业。【解答】根据题干，可知考查remember to do sth记得去做某事，而remember doing sth表示记得曾经做过某事。不合题意。应选：Ao【点评】熟悉不定式的用法，结合题意，给出答案。23. (2020 秋马山县期中)My parents offered us to the park.()A takeB. to takeC.

8、 tookD. taking【考点】不定式.【分析】我父母提议带我们去公园.【解答】答案：B.根据My parents offered us to the park,可知我父母提议带我们去公园.这里offerto do sth.应选B.【点评】此题主要考查动词不定式，在做此类题目时，一定注意看清句式结构，看是否 是固定用法.24. (2020 秋旅顺口区期中)I go running every morning healthy.()A. stayB. to stayC. stayingD. stayed【考点】不定式.【分析】我每天早上跑步以保持健康。【解答】stay停留、保持，动词原形；to

9、 stay不定式；staying动名词/现在分词；stayed 过去式。这里用不定式to stay”保持”表示目的。应选：Bo【点评】分析句子结构，掌握不定式表示目的的知识点，结合语境，选择合适答案。25. (2019 秋老边区期中)I want to choose a nice room.()A. to liveB. live inC. to live inD. living in【考点】不定式；动词短语.【分析】我想选择一个好房间住。【解答】这里用不定式to live in作后置定语，修饰名词room。B、D不正确。不定式与 所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系，且live“居住”是不及物动词，

10、不能漏掉介词in。A不 正确。应选：Co【点评】掌握不定式作后置定语的知识点，结合语境，分析选项，注意介词用法，选择 正确答案。考点卡片1 .实义动词【概念】(1)实义动词：是指具有完整意义，可以单独作谓语的动词，主要表示主语的动作、状态和品质.实义动词 也可以与动词相结合表示更加复杂的动词意义.根据其在句子中是否需要跟宾语可以分为两 类：及物动词和不及物动词.(2)概念点拨：实义动词(实意动词)与系动词是相对的，系动词亦称连系动词(Linking Verb),作为系动 词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语(亦称补语)，构成系表结构说 明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况.实义动词意

11、思完全，能独立用作谓语.实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词(及物动词是指后面要求有直接宾语的动词；不及物动词 指后面不需要跟宾语的动词)即行为动词，表示动作的动词.【用法】(1)及物动词：后面必须跟宾语，意义才完整的实义动词，叫做及物动词(transitive verb).英语中的及物 动词有：interest, worry, guess, please, surprise, love 等例：I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建 议.(2)不及物动词：本身意义完整，后面不用跟宾语的实义动词，

12、叫做不及物动词(intransitive verb).Birds can fly.鸟会飞.It happened in June 1932.这件事发生于一九三二年六月,【易混淆点】及物动词与不及物动词：及物动词带宾语；不及物动词不带宾语He asked the teacher a few questions.他向老师问 了几个问题.Georges father lives there.乔治的爸爸住在那里.【解题方法点拨】根据句子意思可以知道动词的意思，再根据动词是否带宾语确定是及物动词还是不及物动 词.【中考命题方向】主要考查哪些是及物动词还是不及物动词.2 .实义动词的单数第三人称形式. 一

13、般情况：+Slet - lets； get - gets.以 s、x、ch sh 和 o 结尾：+espass - passes；fix - fixes；watch - watches； teach - teacheswash - washes；go - goes； do - does.以辅音字母+y结尾：变y为i+esstudy - studies.以元音字母+y结尾 直接+s play - plays1 .特殊情况：不规那么have - hasbe - is.实义动词的过去式【规那么动词】一般动词直接加-ed, e. g. look - looked；2 .以e结尾的动词直接加-d, e.

14、 g. dance - danced；.辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i再加ed, e. g. study - studied；3 .以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母(字母w, y, x除外)，双写这个辅音字母 力口 - ed, e. g. skip - skipped；.以1结尾的动词，假设以非重读音节结尾，那么末尾的字母1双写与不双写均可.其中不双 写的是美式拼写.e. g. travel - travelled/traveled (U. S.).4 .局部以-p结尾的动词同样遵循第5条，这类词多由”前缀+名词”构成.e. g. worship - worshipped/worshipe

15、d (U. S)、handicap - handicapped/handicaped (U. S.).注：英语26个字母中，除了 a, e, i, o, u这几个元音字母外，其他都是辅音字母.【不规那么动词】动词过去式与原形相同；动词过去式以-ought或-aught结尾；动词过去式由原形结尾的- end变为- ent；动词过去式以-elt, - eft, -ept结尾；动词过去式与原形比拟，其中一个元音字母发生改变；动词过去式以-ew结尾；动词过去式-ee -变为-e -.【情态动词】不规那么情态动词is - wasare - weream - was4.动词的固定搭配【常见的动词固定搭配】

16、一、只接不定式（不能接动名词）作宾语的25个常用动词1. want to do sth.想要做某事would like to do sth.想要做某事2. wish to do sth.希望做某事help （to） do sth.帮助做某事3. hope to do sth.希望做某事learn to do sth. 学会做某事4. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事offer to do sth.主动提出做某事5. plan to do sth. 计划做某事afford to do sth.负担得起做某事（时间或金钱方面）6. agree to do sth. 做某事arran

17、ge to do sth. 安排做某事7. ask to do sth. 要求做某事beg to do sth. 恳求做某事8. care to do sth. 愿意/喜欢做某事choose to do sth. 选择做某事9. decide to do sth. 决定做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事10. determine to do sth. 决心做某事expect to do sth.等待做某事11. fear to do sth.惧怕做某事prepare to do sth.预备做某事12. pretend to do sth.伪装做某事promise to do

18、 sth.容许做某事13. refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事二、只接动名词（不能接不定式）作宾语的28个常用动词1. practice doing sth. 练习做某事consider doing sth. 考虑做某事2. enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事finish doing sth. 完成做某事3. give up doing sth.放弃做某事imagine doing sth.想象做某事4. keep doing sth. 一直做某事put off doing sth. 推迟做某事5. risk doing sth.冒险做某事suggest doing sth.

19、 建议做某事6. admit doing sth.成认做某事advise doing sth. 建议做某事7. allow doing sth.允许做某事appreciate doing sth. 感谢做某事8. avoid doing sth.防止做某事delay doing sth. 拖延做某事9. deny doing sth.否认做某事18.18.discuss doing sth.讨论做某事19.dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事20.escape doing sth.逃脱做某事21.excuse doing sth.原谅做某事22.fancy doing sth.想象

20、/喜爱做某事23.forbid doing sth.禁止做某事24.mention doing sth.提及做某事25. mind doing sth. 介意做某事26. miss doing sth. 错过做某事27. permit doing sth. 允许做某事28. prohibit doing sth. 禁止/阻止做某事29. mind doing sth. 介意做某事30. miss doing sth. 错过做某事31. permit doing sth. 允许做某事32. prohibit doing sth. 禁止/阻止做某事三、既可接不定式也可接动名词，但含义完全不同的8个

21、动词1. remember to do sth.记住要做某事（未做）remember doing sth.remember doing sth.记得做过某事（已做）2. forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做）2. forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做）3.3.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（己做）regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事（未做）regret doing sth.后悔/抱歉做过某事（已做）4. try to do sth.努力做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事5. mean to do sth. 计划做某事6. tr

22、y to do sth.努力做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事7. mean to do sth. 计划做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事8. cant help to do sth.不能帮助做某事 cant help doing sth.情不自禁做某事9. go on to do sth.继续做另一件事go on doing sth.继续做同一件事10. stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth.停下正在做的事情四、接不定式作宾补的35个常用动词1. advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事2. allow sb

23、. to do sth. 允许某人做某事3. ask sb. to do sth. 请(叫)某人做某事4. bear sb. to do sth.忍耐某人做某事5. beg sb. to do sth.恳求某人做某事6. cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事7. command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事8. drive sb.to do sth.驱使某人做某事9. elect sb.to do sth.选举某人做某事10. encourage sb. to do sth.鼓舞某人做某事11. expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事12.

24、 forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事13. force sb. to do sth.强迫某人做某事14. get sb. to do sth.使（要）某人做某事15. hate sb. to do sth.讨厌/厌恶某人做某事16. help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事17. intend sb. to do sth.打算要某人做某事18. invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事19. . leave sb. to do sth.留下某人做某事20. like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事21. mean sb. to

25、do sth. 计划要某人做某事22. need sb. to do sth. 需求某人做某事23. order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事24. . permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事25. persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事26. prefer sb. to do sth.宁愿某人做某事27. request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事28. remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事29.teach sb.to do sth.教某人做某事30. tell sb. to do sth.告诉/让某人

26、做某事31. train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事32. trouble sb. to do sth.麻烦某人做某事33. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事34. warn sb. to do sth.警告某人做某事35. wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事五、可接动词原形做宾补的11个动词1. see sb. do sth.看到某人做了某事2.watch sb. do sth.观看某人做了某事3.notice sb. do sth.注意到某人做了某事4.observe sb. do sth.观察到某人做了某事5. look at s

27、b. do sth.看着某人做了某事hear sb. do sth.听到某人做了某事6. listen to sb. do sth.听着某人做了某事make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事7. let sb. do sth.让某人做某事have sb. do sth.使某人做某事8. feel sb. do sth.感觉某人做了某事5.不定式【概念】.不定式是一种非限定动词,通常由“to+动词原形”构成,to be, to do, to combine, to expand, t。get up等.这里的t。是不定式的符号，没有词义，有时还可以省略.1 .动词不定式没有人称和数的变化.2

28、.不定式在句中不能单独用作谓语，但还保存着动词的假设干特征：可以带状语，及物动词 可以带宾语，系动词可以带表语.3 .不定式可以连同它的附属成分一起组成不定式短语.【不定式的用法】不定式（短语）在句中起相当于名词、形容词或副词的作用，可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、 状语和宾语补语.1.具有名词的性质用作主语.10. （2014永州）Listen! hear someone in the classroom.（）A. singB. singingC. to sing（2020 秋和平区校级期中）LinTao is hard - working（努力的）.I see him Englishevery

29、 morning. Yesterday afternoon, when I passed the playground I saw himsoccer.（）A. read； playingA. read； playingB. reads； playedC. to read； playD. be reading； play（2021 春肇源县期末）-Whats your plan for the summer holiday?-Fve no idea, but Ive decidedat home and have a good rest first.（） To live is to funct

30、ion. That is all there is in living. (Holmes) 活着就要发挥作用，这就是生活的全部真谛.A , stayB , to stayC.stayedD. staying13. （2020 秋新丘B区期中）Would you mind13. （2020 秋新丘B区期中）Would you mindhere?（）-Yes. Didnt you see the signnNo smoking.A I smokeB.me smokeC. my smokingC. my smokingD. I smoking14. （2020 秋新邱区期中）We saw them1

31、5. （2020 秋新邱区期中）We saw thembasketballon the playground justnow.（）A. playB was playingC. to playD. play the16. （2018云南）Our parents wont allow usin the river alone.A. swimB. to swimC. swimmingD - swam17. （2021 春肇源县期末）My teachers advise uscomputer games. That is bad for oureyes.（）A. to playB playingC.

32、not to playD. not play18. （2020秋河西区期中）He told usanything in the museum.（）A. dont touchB. didnt touchC. to not touchD. not to touch19. （2020 秋市中区期中）Mr. Wang told his son basketball because of the comingexams.（）A. not to playB. to not play用作表语.Her wish was to become a teacher.她的愿望是当个教师.用作宾语.The owner

33、wanted to make a large purchase of gift before Christmas.老板想在圣诞节前做一大笔礼品生意.用作宾语补语.I wanted something to happen to me, but nothing happened. (L. Hughes) 我希望在我身上会发生些什么变化，可是什么都没发生.用作主语补语.This test is thought to have practical value.大家认为这个试验有实际价值.用作同位语.2、具有形容词的性质用作定语.Can you think up a good way to deal w

34、ith the ever increasing prices?你们能否想出一个对付日益上涨的物价的好方法？3、具有副词的性质用作状语.We use electrical energy to do many things.我们用电能做许多事情.4、用作插入语.To begin with, we must consider the problem in an all - round way.首先，我们必须全面地考虑这个问题.6.非谓语动词【概念】动词：动词是表示动作或状态的词.谓语：谓语是句子成分的一种，用以对主语进行陈述或说明.非谓语动词：非谓语动词又叫非限定动词，是指在句中不充当谓语的动词.主

35、要包括不定 式、动名词和分词.概念点拨：A.不充当谓语：指不能在句中单独作谓语使用，但可以充当其他句子成分， 如主语、宾语等；B.非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的两个概念.【结构】动词不定式：to+动词原形To see is to believe.动名词：v. - ingMy sister is interested in reading books.分词：现在分词v.-ing和过去分词v - edChina is a developing country while America is a developed country.【用法】动词不定式在句中可充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、状语和定

36、语.A.有些动词后面只能接动词不定式作宾语，如：want, try, decide, hope, need, wish, refuse, learn, plan, would like, choose, fail, seem 等.The boy refused to answer that question.男孩拒绝了回1答那个问题.B.有些动词后只能接动词不定式作宾语补足语，如：tell, ask, allow, wish, want, help, teach, warn, invite, encourage 等.My parents encourage me to do social wo

37、rk.我的父母鼓励我做社会工作.C.有些动词后只能接不带t。的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但当这些词变被动语态时t。不 能省略.如：感官动词 see, hear, watch, feel, notice 等；使役动词 let, make, have 等；had better, would rather, rather than 等.It made me feel thirsty.它使我感觉到渴.动名词可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语.有些动词后面只能接动名词作宾语，如： miss, mind, enjoy, practice, keep, avoid, finish, consider, fee

38、l like, give up, be worth, look forward to, have fun 等.We should practice speaking English as much as possible.我们应该尽可能多地练习说英语.【易混淆点】动词后接名词和不定式的区别：有些动词即可接动词不定式又可接动名词，表达的意义不同，常见的有：stop to do sth.停下来去做某事;stop doing sth.停止做某事try to do sth.试图做某事；try doing sth.尝试着做某事go on to do sth.继续做另一件事；go on doing sth

39、.继续做同一件事forget to do sth.忘记去做某事；forget doing sth.忘记做过某事remember to do sth.记得去做某事；remember doing sth.记得做过某事need to do sth.需要去做某事；need doing sth.某事需要被做mean to do sth.打算去做某事；mean doing sth.意味着做某事【例】Why not out the problem by yourself?（）A. trying to workB try workingC. try to work【考点】动词短语；非谓语动词.【分析】为什么不

40、试着自己解决这个问题？【解答】考查动词短语.句意：为什么不试着自己解决这个问题？ why not后面接动词原 形；try to do sth.努力做某事；try doing sth.尝试做某事.应选B.【点评】理解各个选项的含义，及其用法的区别，根据具体内容作答.现在分词和不定式做宾语补足语的区别：see, watch, notice, feeh hear, have等词 即可接不带t。的不定式作宾语补足语，又可接现在分词作宾语补足语.这时，不带t。的不 定式表示已完成了的动作或经常性动作，现在分词表示正在进行的动作.I saw Jim playing on the playground.（强

41、调看至U正在进彳亍的事）I saw you put the key in your pocket.（强调看到的全过程）现在分词和过去分词的区别：语态上，现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动；时态上，现在 分词表正在进行的动作，过去分词表已完成的动作.the rising sun （正在升起）;the risen sun （已经升起）含介词to的固定短语：make a contribution to doing为 做贡献；devote to doing致力 于；look forward to doing 期盼做某事；pay attention to doing 关注于；be used to doing

42、习惯于做某事.Im looking forward to hearing from you.【解题方法点拨】先弄清题目是否缺谓语动词，再弄清非谓语动词的逻辑主语.根据句子结构或特殊句式来确定非谓语动词.熟记易混淆的非谓语动词用法和常见固定搭配来解题.【中考命题方向】非谓语动词是中考考查热点，经常考查动词不定式、动名词的用法以及非谓语动词与某些动 词的固定搭配等.7.动词短语【概念】动词短语：动词短语就是有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语(以动词为中心)，表达一个概念，其作 用和一个单独动词差不多的一种固定搭配.在实际使用中，通常会把动词短语当成一个整体.【用法】(1)动词+副词：在“动词+副词”

43、的词组中宾语位置有两种情况：宾语如是名词，那么可置于副词后面，亦可置 于动词和副词之间.而如果宾语是代词，只能置于动词后面，即动词和副词之间.例：First put some salt into the water and then.()A. mix them up B. mix up them C. mix it up D. mix up it分析：首先放一些盐在水里，然后搅拌它们.解答：分析句子，结合选项，推测意思是首先放一些盐在水里，然后搅拌它们.这里salt是不可数名词，用it指代，放在中间，应选C.(2)动词+副词+介词：在这类动词短语中，动词、副词、介词紧密结合，是动副词组和动介词

44、组的合成体，词义上相当于一个及物动词.它兼有以上两类短语动词的特点，但宾语总是位于介词之后.彳列：She is planning her project. Lets help her some good ideas.()A. come out B. come up C. come up with D. catch up with分析：她正在计划她的工程，让我们帮助她想出一些好主意.解答：come out出来，出现，出版，come up发生，上来，come up with想出，catch up with 追上，赶上；结合句意”她正在计划她的工程，让我们帮助她想出一些好主意.”可知，要用 是一般现

45、在时，help后面跟动词原形，故答案为C.其它三个选项语意不通.(3)动词+名词：这类动词短语中的常见动词是have, take, give, make等，后面的名词通常是从动词转化而 来的动作名词，并表达了短语动词的真正意义.例：The old man， and he wants to see a doctor now.()A. has fever B. have a fever C. has a fever D. has fevers分析：这位老人发烧了，他现在想去看医生.解答：考查动词短语.have a fever是固定短语，意思是“发烧”；结合句意”这位老人发烧， 他现在想去看医生.”

46、可知，要用是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人 称单数形式，故答案为C.(4) be+形容词+介词：be+形容词(包括过去分词作形容词)+介词相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词后面，形容词 是短语动词的真正词义.例：This pair of shoes hand.()A. is made with B. are made from C. are made of D. is made by分析：这双鞋是手工做的.解答：考查动词短语.A用,什么东西制造.B.由制造(看不出原材料).C.由制造 (看出原材料).D.由制造(由某人)结合语境”这双鞋是手工做的.可知，由双手制造，用is made by.选D.【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查动词短语的用法，意义相近的动词短语、但容易混淆的短语、常用动词 短语.这些是考查的重点.8. 一般将来时【概念】(1)时态时态是动词的一种形式，分为时间和状态.时间即过去、现在、未来.态有一般状态、进行 状态、完成状态、完成进行状态.它是表示行为、动作、状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式.(2) 一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动 作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如 tomorrow, tomor