unit1what27s the matter单元知识总结(9页).doc

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1、-unit1what27s the matter单元知识总结-第 8 页Unit1 Whats the matterSection A1. What s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】matter/ mt(r) /n.问题；事情 What s the matter with you? = Whats the trouble with you? = What s wrong with you? 你怎么了？短语含义用法例句too much太多后接不可数名词There is too much rain these days修饰动词,放在动词之后Watching TV too

2、much is bad for your eyes.too many太多后接可数名词复数There are too many things for me to do every day.【注】： matter 和trouble 为名词， 其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词 ， wrong 是adj. 不能加the【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时, 与介词with连用。即： Whats the matter with sb.? = Whats your trouble?= Whats up? = What happens to sb.?【拓展】matter的用

3、法(1) It doesnt matter 没关系 （用来回答别人道歉时的用语） ( ) Im sorry to break your pen. _ A. Thats right B. It doesnt matter C. Thank you2. I have a cold 我感冒了 I have a stomachache 我患胃痛 I have a sore back. 我背痛。【解析1】have a cold 受凉;感冒 have a/an + 疾病名词 “患病” (cold/fever/cough) have a sore throat 患喉咙痛 have a fever 发烧 ha

4、ve a cold =catch a cold 患感冒 have a toothache患牙痛 have a headache 患头痛 have a backache患背痛Mikes sister _(not have) a stomachache.【解析2】back n 背；背部 go/come back 返回 give back 归还3. hand n 手 v. 交给；传递 hand in 上交 hand on 依次传递 hand out 分发4. She talked too much yesterday and didnt drink enough water. 她昨天说话太多了并且没

5、有喝足够的水。【解析1】too much/too many/much too( ) Mr. Smith eats _ food, so hes _ fat. A .much too; too much B .too many; much too C. too much; too much D. too much ;much too【解析2】enough 的用法 (1) adj.足够的，充分的 修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后 enough time (2) adv. “足够地， 十分，相当” 修饰adj./adv,放在adj./adv 后 expensive enough (3) be +ad

6、j. +enough to do sth be strong enough to carry the box.5. drink some hot tea with honey. 喝一些加蜂蜜的热茶。【解析】with ：prep “具有， 带有” , 表示某物带有或具有某种特征。 She is a girl with long hair. with （反义词） without( ) He has a sore throat . He should _. A. see a dentist B. drink hot tea with honey C. drink a lot of milk D. e

7、at nothing prep（介词）. 和.一起 I like to talk freely with my friends. prep 用.， 表示“使用某种工具” Cut it with a knife.6. see a dentist and get an x- ray. 看牙医并且拍张x光。see a dentist = go to a dentist看牙医 see a doctor = go to a doctor 看医生7. What should she do?她该怎么办呢？ Should I take my temperature?我应该量一下体温吗？【解析1】should

8、“应该” 情态动词，后跟动词原形，表示责任和义务 should not =shouldnt 不应该 主语+ should/ shouldnt + 动词原形. .You shouldnt go out at night.你晚上不应该出去。 You should _ (lie) down and rest. ( ) You _ be quiet when you are in the reading room. A. should B. shouldnt C. can D. cant 【解析2】take ones temperature 量体温8. No, it doesnt sound like

9、 you have a fever. 不需要， 听起来你不像发烧了。【解析1】sound like 听起来像， 后接名词或名词性短语作表语。【解析2】fever/ fi:v:(r)/n.发烧 have a fever 发烧 You need to take breaks away from the computer. 你需要休息一下，远离电脑。9. You need to take break away from the computer.你需要远离电脑，休息休息。【解析】need v 需要 用于肯定句是实义动词 (1) 人做主语，sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事 Do yo

10、u need to drink more water? ( ) David needs _ a good rest. A. has B. to have C. have D. having用于否定句是情态动词 neednt = dont have to 没有必要( ) You dont have to go to bed too late at night. A. cant B. shouldnt C. neednt D. would like to9. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving. 我想我以同样的姿势一动

11、不动地坐得太久了。【解析】without doing sth.without doing sth没有做某事、没做某事 I let the day away without doing anything at all. 我一点事也没干就让一天过去了。10.If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor. 如果你的头和脖子明天还疼的话， 就去看医生。【解析1】neck n.颈；脖子neck and neck 不分上下，势均力敌【解析2】hurt v. (hurt ) (使痛 ；受伤) 表示肉体感到疼痛或不适，使用时应用疼

12、痛的具体部位作主语。 My leg hurts.11. At 9:00 a.m . yesterday, bus No. 26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. 昨天上午9:00 , 26路公共汽车正沿着中华路行驶，这时，司机看见一位老人躺在马路上。【解析2】see （saw , seen） v 看见 see sb. do sth 看见某人做某事 （看到动作发生的全过程或经常看到动作发生） see sb. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事

13、（强调动作正在发生）【解析3】lie/lai/v. (lay/lei/ )躺 ；平躺 lie lay lain v 躺下，(现在分词lying ). lie down 躺下 lie down and rest 躺下休息12.The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice. 公共汽车司机，24岁的王平，毫不犹豫的停下了车。【解析】24-year-old 24岁的“数词+名词+形容词”构成复合形容词，在句中作定语，用连字符后连接，名 词用单数。( ) Tom,_ boy, is the on

14、ly child of the family. A. a five years old B. a five-year-old C. a five-year-olds一、基本用法1.用作形容词My four-year-old daughter was asleep on the sofa. 我四岁的女儿在沙发上睡着了。2.用作名词A seven-year-old should be able to read. 七岁的儿童应当识字了。Shes quite clever for a ten-year-old. 对一个10岁的孩子来说，她算相当聪明了。13. He got off and asked

15、the woman what happened. 他下车问那名妇女发生了什么事。【解析】get off 下车 (反） get on 上车14. But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. 但令他吃惊的是，所有的乘客都同意和他一起去医院。【解析】surprise v 使吃惊surprising adj. 令人吃惊的 surprised adj. 吃惊的 surprise sb 使某人吃惊 The bad news surprised me. be surprised at 对感到吃惊 be surprised to do sth 做某

16、事而感到惊讶 be surprised + that从句 因.而惊讶 Surprise n 惊讶” to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地 _(使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in the exam.We are _at the _news.(surprise)( ) _his surprise, she succeeded in climbing up the high mountain.A. At B. To C. In D. On【解析2】agree v (反)disagree agreement n同意(1) ag

17、ree with sb. 同意某人 I agree with you.(2)agree to do sth 同意做某事 Do you agree with him? No, I _ (agree ) with him.( ) I think English is more useful than Chinese.I dont _ you. They are both useful. A. get on with B. catch up with C. talk with D. agree with15. Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers , the d

18、octor saved the man in time. 多亏了王先生和乘客的帮助， 医生及时挽救了那位老人的生命。【解析1】 thanks to 多亏；由于thanks to为习语介词，thanks不可以改为，to后也不接，这个短语表示原因，意为“由于”、“多亏”，to表示感谢的对象 thanks for ，意为“因而感谢”，for强调为何而感谢，其后可接名词或v-ing thanks相当于 ，【解析2】on time 准时/in time 及时 on time= at exactly the right time.准时（在规定的时间之内） 强调与某个时刻一致in time = with e

19、nough time to spare/ not late及时（恰在时间点上）表示动作在规定时间内或比规定时间提前发生【记】She didnt catch the _, so she couldnt arrive there _.【句型】 Its time to do sth =Its time for sth 是该做某事的时间了 It takes sb. some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间s【山东东营】Tom didnt go to school _ this morning because he overslept. A. at once B. on time

20、C. by accident D. at presentat once “立刻；马上”；on time“按时”；by accident“偶然”at present“目前;现在”。16. But the driver didnt think about himself. 但是这位司机完全没有考虑他自己。 【解析】 think about 考虑；认为【短语】：think about 考虑 think of 想起 think over 仔细考虑 think up = come up with 想出【谚语】 Think before you act 三思而后行 ( )1.My mother came

21、up with a good idea which we all agreed to.A. thought about B. thought up C. thought hard17. Bus No.26 hit an old man on Zhonghua Road 26路公共汽车在中华路上撞到了一位老人【解析】hit/hit/v. (hit/hit/)( 用手或器具）击；打 hit sb. 击中/撞到某人 The ball hit him in the face.18. Do you agree that people often do not help others because th

22、ey do not want to get into trouble? 人们常常不去帮助别人是因为他们不想惹麻烦。【解析】trouble/trbl/n .问题；苦恼 get into trouble造成麻烦（或烦恼） be in trouble 处于困境中 have trouble （in) doing sth做某事有困难19. Jenny cut herself . 珍妮伤着自己了【解析】herself/h3:(r)self/pron. (she 的反身代词）她自己【解析】反身代词(1)反身代词的构成一、二人称的反身代词构成:形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成单数myselfyou

23、rself复数ourselvesyourselves 第三人称的反身代词构成:第三人称宾格+self/selves单数：himselfherselfitself复数： themselves(2)反身代词的常见搭配：enjoy oneself=have fun =have a good time玩得高兴by oneself =alone 独自 help oneself to 随便吃 3)反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。【温州3】4. Ill have a tennis game tomorrow. Im a little bit nervous. Believe in _ . Youre th

24、e best in our club. A. herselfB. myselfC. yourselfD. himself【聊城2】28. - Jim, please help _ to some bread . - Thank you. A. himself . B. yourself . C. herself D.myself.20. Did you fall down ?你跌倒了吗？【解析】fall fell fallen v 落下； 跌落 fall down 摔倒，（强调“滑倒，摔倒”，指失去平衡而摔倒，后接宾语时，应加上介词from She fell down from her bik

25、e Section B1. Someone felt sick. 有人生病了。【解析】feel sick 生病；不舒服 sick /ill adj. 生病的 (1) sick adj.“生病的”，既可放be (系动词)后作表语，也可放n.前作定语。 (2) ill adj.“生病的”，只能放be (系动词)后作表语， ( ) The _ girl was sent to hospital by her mother yesterday. A. sick B. ill C. good D. well 2. Aron Ralston is an American man who is intere

26、sted in mountain climbing.【解析】be interested in interest n 兴趣 interesting adj. 令人有兴趣的（表语/定语） interested adj. 对感兴趣（只做表语）interest v. 引起关注；使感兴趣 be interested in sth./ doing sth.对变得感兴趣 = show great interest in sth. / doing sth.表现出对的极大兴趣; ( ) This book is very _ and I am _ in it.A. interest; interest B. i

27、nteresting; interested C. interested; interested D. interested; interested3. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。【解析1】 as prep，作为，以身份。【2013淄博】7. _ a teacher, Mr. Wang thinks its very important to teach the students how to learn. A. From B. With C. As D. Of【解析2】be used

28、 to (doing)习惯于（做）；适应于（做）【用法】(1) use v.使用useful adj. 有用的Studying English is_(use).(2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事We use Internet _(find) information.(3) used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态 I used to get up at six. (4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事My grandpa is used _(live) in country. 【记】 H

29、e used to wear glasses . But now he is used to wearing contact lenses.他以前常戴（框架）眼镜，但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜。4. This is one of the exciting things about doing dangerous sports.做危险的运动时令人兴奋的事情之一【解析】one of .之一There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents.很多次阿伦因为出事故几乎丧命。【解析1】almost “差不多”、“几乎

30、”、【解析2】lose lost lost v 失去 lose ones life 失去生命【解析3】because of 由于； 因为【拓展】because/because of【记】：跟句子时用because ,加名词短语时用because of词性 用法because 连词后接句子because of 介词短语后接名词或/ving【注】： (1) because of +n/ving /代词宾格(用于句中) Shes worried because of her son.(2) because +从句 （引导原因状语从句） He didnt go to school yesterday

31、because he was ill.(3) because 还可以回答why 引导的句子 Why do you like pandas? Because they are cute.(4) because 和so 不能一起连用，二者只能用其一。( ) We couldnt drink the milk _ it was too hot.( ) He cant go to school _ illness.4. On April 26,2003, he found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah.2003年

32、4月26日，阿伦在犹他州登山的时候，发现自己处于一个极其危险的状态。【解析1】on 修饰具体的某一天onaSundaymorning; onFriday5. On that day, Arons arm was caught under a 2,000 kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains.那天，阿伦在独自登山的时候，他的手臂被掉在他身上的2000多斤的岩石压住了。【解析】by oneself= alone adj. 单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。( ) He did

33、 the work all by himself. A. already B. together C. alone D. lonely6. But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 但是当他的水也用完的时候，他意识到他必须做些什么去挽救他自己的生命。【解析1】 run ran run v跑run out of =use up 用完【区别】：run out of 其主语通常是人 run out 其主语通常是物7. Then , with his left

34、 arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood. 然后， 他用左手给自己绑上绷带， 以至于不流太多的血【解析1】so that 以便，为了 引导目的状语从句, 从句常出现情态动词may/ might .can/ could等， The boy spoke loudly so that everyone could hear him clearly.男孩大声说,以便大家都能听清楚。为了能赶上车，她起得很早。(目的状语从句) They got up early so that they could catch t

35、he first (scheduled) bus.8. This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of .【解析】get out of 离开，从出来The door locked accidentally, and I couldnt get out of the room.门无意中反锁上了，我无法从房间里出来了。9. In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decision , and of being in c

36、ontrol of ones life. 在这本书里，阿伦讲述了好好做出决定以及掌握自己命运的重要性。【解析1】 important adj. 重要的importance n. 重要性important是形容词，importance是名词这是最重要的区别 important的意思是：重要的；重大的作为形容词经常跟在be动词即：am,is,are等后面，或者名词如：name, thing 等前面例句：1.It is important to see that everything goes well. 重要的是确保一切顺利。2.I have an important thing to do.我有

37、一件重要的事情要做 importance的意思是：重要性，重要的意思作为一个名词例句：Here I would stress the importance of mathematics to the whole of science. 这里我要强调数学对整个科学的重要性。My parents have taught me _(.的重要性)of working hard.【解析2】decide v 决定-decision n 决定 (1)decide to do sth 决定做某事 (2)make a decision 做决定 Tom decided _(study) English well.

38、The next morning Alice made a _(decide).She would tell her mother the truth.1. A teacher mustbeincontrolofhis class. 教员必须负责管好他的班。2. I couldbeincontrolofsomething. 我还能够管理某些事情。10. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. 他是如此的热爱爬山甚至与经历这次

39、事故之后，他仍然继续爬山。【解析1】 so that 如此.以致 “So +adj.+ that” “如此以至” 引导结果状语从句so后面接形容词、副词He was so strong that he could lift the heavy bag. so that与so . that . 的用法归纳如下： so that引导时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情态动词或；引导时，从句中一般不用can和may等词，在so that前可以用逗号，意思是“因此;所以”。如：1. The little boy

40、saved every coin_ _he could buy his mother a present on Mothers day. (答案为so that。) so形容词或副词that .引导结果状语从句。(一)so形容词或副词that .引导的肯定的结果状语从句，意思是“如此以致于”。如：4.当球迷们看到的时候，他们如此激动以致于大喊大叫。When the football fans saw Beckham, they got_excited_they cried out. (答案为so，that。)(二)so形容词或副词that .引导的否定的结果状语从句，意思是“如此以致于不能”。

41、如：6. Miss Gao asked a question, but it was_that nobody could answer it.(2001安徽省) A.very difficult B. too difficult C. difficult enough D. so difficult (答案为D。)注意：当that引导的结果状语从句为肯定句时，so . that .可以与be . enough to do转换；当从句为否定句时，可以与too . to . 或be not . enough to do转换。如：7. David was so careless that he di

42、dnt find the mistakes in his test paper. (变为) David was too careless to find the mistakes in his test paper8. A：The boy is so young that he cant look after himself. B：The boy is not_to look after himself.(改写句子，使B句与A句意思相近) (答案为old enough。)11. Do we have the same spirit as Aron? 我们有阿伦那种精神吗？【解析】 the sa

43、me as 和.一样 be not the same as = be different from 与.不同12. Aron loves mountain climbing and doesnt mind taking risks.阿伦热爱登山，不介意冒险。【解析】 mind v 介意 mind doing sth.Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.那次事故之后， 阿伦并没有放弃登山，他现在仍然继续登山。【解析】give up 放弃give up doing sth=stop do