Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe 词汇及练习 学案--高中英语外研版选修八.docx

《Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe 词汇及练习 学案--高中英语外研版选修八.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe 词汇及练习 学案--高中英语外研版选修八.docx（9页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe 词汇及练习 学案词汇短语1. accustomed adj. 习惯的搭配：be accustomed to （doing） sth = be used to （doing） sth 习惯于（做）某事Im accustomed to the school life here now.现在我习惯这儿的学校生活了。I have been accustomed to going to bed early and getting up early for years.我已习惯于早睡早起数年了。accustom v. 使习惯于It

2、 took a while for me to accustom myself to all the new rules and regulations.我花了一段时间才适应所有新的规章制度。2. witness v. 目击，亲眼看见;亲身经历Did you witness the accident？你亲眼看到那场事故了吗？（1） witness v. 作证（常与against，for，to等连用）I think she will witness against him.我认为她会作证他有罪。He witnessed to having seen the man enter the build

3、ing.他作证说曾看到此人走进大楼。（2） witness n. 目击者;见证人He was one of the witnesses at our wedding.他是我们婚礼的证婚人之一。be （a） witness to sth 目击某事发生;为某事提供证据bear/give witness （to sth） 为作证;证明3. assume v. 假定，假设搭配：（1） assume + sth/that从句 假定、认为We cant assume anything in this case.在这种情形下我们无法做出任何揣测。I assume that you always get up

4、 at the same time.我想你总是在同一时间起床。（2） assume sb/sth to be. 假设某人/某物是Hes not such a fool as you assumed him to be.他并非你所认为的那样愚蠢。assumption n. 假定，假设on the assumption that. / assuming that. 假定Assuming that/On the assumption that the proposal is accepted， when are we going to get the money？假定这个建议被采纳，我们何时能拿到钱

5、？4. patience n. 耐心The work requires both skill and patience.这项工作既需要技术又需要耐心。搭配：be out of patience with 耐不住 ;对 忍无可忍have no patience with 对不能容忍;对 没有耐心have patience to do sth 做某事有耐心be patient with sb 对某人有耐心be patient of sth 忍耐某事patiently = with patience 耐心地5. burst v. 爆炸I carry a spare tire in the boot

6、of the car in case one bursts.我带了一个备用轮胎放在后备厢里，以防爆胎。burst into tears/laughter/cheers 突然大哭/大笑/欢呼起来burst out crying/laughing/singing 突然哭起来/笑起来/唱起來burst into the room 闯入屋里burst with anger 勃然大怒burst with joy/happiness 非常高兴burst in 突然插嘴;打断burst open （使）猛然打开6. acknowledge v. 承认;认为搭配：（1） acknowledge+sth/tha

7、t从句 承认（2） acknowledge doing. 承认做过（3） acknowledge. as/to be. 认为是（常用于被动形式）（4） Its widely/universally acknowledged that. 大家普遍认为They acknowledged their responsibility for the bombing. = They acknowledged that they were responsible for the bombing.他们承认对这起爆炸事件负责。Zhang Yimou is acknowledged as one of the b

8、est movie directors in China nowadays.= Its acknowledged that Zhang Yimou is one of the best movie directors in China nowadays.张艺谋被公认为是中国当今最优秀的电影导演之一。acknowledge v. 告知（收到）;感谢She walked right past me without acknowledging me.她从我身旁走过，连个招呼也没打。His long service with the company was acknowledged with a pr

9、esent.公司送他一份礼物，答谢他为公司的长期服务。7. defeat n. 失败I never consider the possibility of defeat.我从未考虑有失败的可能性。defeat v. 击败;战胜辨析：比较beat， defeat和win（1） beat和defeat都表示在战斗或竞赛中“战胜、击败（对手）”，后接竞争对手。The news that he has been defeated/beaten in the election is not true.他在大选中被击败的消息不属实。（2） win“战胜、赢得”，其宾语通常是比赛、战争、奖品或表尊重、崇拜之

10、类意义的词。竞争对手不能作其宾语。win a game/match/race 在游戏/比赛/赛跑中获胜win a gold medal （在比赛、竞赛中）赢得金牌win support 赢得支持8. accuse v. 指责搭配：accuse sb of sth/doing sth 控告某人某事/做某事The police accused him of murder.警方指控他谋杀。She accused him of stealing her watch.她控告他偷她的表。辨析：比较accuse， charge和blame（1） accuse指当面指控或指责，不一定诉诸法庭。（2） char

11、ge指因犯较大错误或重大罪行而进行正式法律控诉，可构成charge sb with sth的搭配，意思是“控告某人某事”。The police are going to charge him with murder.警察准备控告他谋杀。（3） blame指对不好的事物或对做错事的人给予责备，可构成blame sb for （doing） sth或sb is to blame for sth的搭配。The driver was to blame for the accident.这起交通事故的责任应归责于这个司机。9. relief n. 安慰;宽慰To my great relief， I w

12、asnt late.我庆幸的是没有迟到。搭配：Its a great relief to do sth 做某事让人宽慰Its a great relief to find you here.见到你在这儿我就放心了。to ones relief 使某人感到庆幸或宽慰的是in relief 如释重负地bring/give relief to 给 带来宽慰10. consult v. 咨询;请教搭配：consult sb about sth 就某事向某人征求意见He consulted his lawyer about the case.他就此案向律师做了咨询。consult a doctor 看醫

13、生consult with sb 与某人商量consult a map/dictionary 查阅地图/词典consult ones notes 查看某人的筆记11. in spite of 不管In spite of the heavy snow， he drove downtown.尽管下着大雪，他还是开车去了城里。搭配：in spite of/despite the fact that. 不管 的事实辨析：比较in spite of和although/thoughin spite of是介词短语，后接宾语。although/though是连词，后接从句。They had a wonder

14、ful holiday in spite of the bad weather.= They had a wonderful holiday though/although the weather was bad.尽管天气不好，他们还是度过了一个美好的假期。regardless of 不管;不顾12. set out 开始做;着手进行搭配：set out to do sth = set about doing sth = get down to doing sth着手、开始做某事At five in the morning he set out to do （set about doing）

15、his work.清晨五点他就开始工作。set out for = set off for = leave for 动身去Having said goodbye to their friends， they set out （set off） for Paris.他们向朋友告别后，就动身去巴黎了。跟踪练阅读理解AWhy should mankind explore space？ Why should money， time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits？

16、 Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth？ These are questions that， understandably， are very often asked.Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains， and into all poss

17、ible areas and environments？ The wider the spread of a species， the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.Exploration also allows minerals （矿物） and other potential resources to be found. Even if we have no imme

18、diate need of them， they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from ot

19、her spin-offs including improvements in earthquake prediction， in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products （副产品） of technological developments in the space.While many resources are spent on what seems a small return

20、， the exploration of space allows creative， brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. The danger exists， but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space， the chance to save ourselves might not exist.While Earth i

21、s the only planet known to support life， surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different， but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.1. Why does the author raise the questions in

22、Paragraph 1？A. To express his doubts.B. To compare different ideas.C. To introduce points for discussion.D. To describe the conditions on Earth.2. Why do humans like to explore according to Paragraph 2？A. They are born to do so.B. They have the tendency to fight.C. They like to stay in different pla

23、ces.D. They want to find new sources of food.3. The underlined word “spin-offs” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to _ .A. survival chances B. potential resourcesC. unexpected benefits D. physical possessions4. What does the author mainly want to tell us about space exploration？A. It has created many w

24、onders.B. It provided the best value for money.C. It can benefit science and technology.D. It may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.BForget lighting a Christmas tree in the traditional way， with strings of lights plugged into the wall. The Living Planet Aquarium （水族馆） in Sandy， Utah is using

25、 one of its very own residentsan electric eel （电鳗）to twinkle its tree.“Visitors can visually and audibly experience the power of our electric eel and get a real sense of how amazing this creature is，” said Angie Hyde， the aquariums marketing director.For the past three years， Sparky， an electric eel

26、 that is part of the aquariums “Journey To South America” gallery， has been “sparking” the five-foot tall tree with electric currents that he gives off into the water. With two stainless-steel electrodes （不锈钢电极）， the currents are connected to sequencers， which in turn produce flashing lights. The ra

27、te at which they blink depends on the power Sparky produces.“Hes just doing his natural， normal activity. It teaches visitors about the eel and what its all about，” said Hyde.Hyde said visitors have warmly welcomed Sparky and his glowing talent， which she said will become a regular holiday tradition

28、. The display is sponsored by a local power company， Cache Valley Electric. It will run until Dec. 31.“We thought wed put a festive twist on it for the holidays， which has been a huge hit with our members and visitors，” Hyde said.Native to the waters of the Amazon and Orinoco basins in South America

29、， electric eels possess organs with nearly 6，000 specialized cells， or electrolytes that can store as much as five times the power one can get from a US wall plug.“This really helps give a visual idea of what an animal really does on a daily basis in a really creative way，” Hyde said.5. What does th

30、e underlined word “twinkle” in Paragraph 1 mean？A. Paint.B. Decorate.C. Make something shines.D. Make something strong.6. What can be learned about Sparky？A. It works in the Living Planet Aquarium.B. It blinks at certain rate from time to time.C. It is an electric eel belonging to an aquarium.D. It

31、is connected with stainless-steel electrodes.7. According to Hyde， what can be inferred about the display？A. It operates every festival of the year.B. It gives us a better understanding of eels.C. It has won much profit for the aquarium.D. It is met with some animal activists criticism.8. What could

32、 be the best title of the text？A. Introduction of the Electric EelsB. A New Form of Energy DevelopedC. Electric Eels Decorate Christmas TreesD. Electric Eels Power Christmas Tree Lights阅读七选五We are all called upon to make a public speech at some point in life， but most of us dont make it a pleasant j

33、ob.So， you have to give a speechand you are deeply terrified. You get nervous from the beginning of it， you stumble （结结巴巴） over words， and you bore your audience. Later you think， “Thank Goodness， its over. Im just not good at public speaking. I hope Ill never have to do that again.”Cheer up！ Here a

34、re some easy-to-do steps to take the pain out of speech making. First， ask yourself the purpose of your speech. Then spend plenty of your time gathering and organizing your material. Use as many examples as possible， and use pictures， charts， and graphs if they can help you make your points more cle

35、arly. Dont talk over their heads， and dont talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.Just remember： Be well prepared. Understand your subject， your audience， and the occasion. Be brief. And be yourself. Let your true personality come through in ord

36、er that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.If you follow these simple but useful steps， you will see that you dont have to be afraid of public speeches. As a matter of fact， you may find the experience so enjoyable that you really want to have more of them！ Youre still not convince

37、d yet？ You will get impressed by yourself.A. Never forget your audience.B. It doesnt have to be that bad.C. Give it a try and see what happens.D. Say what you have to say and then stop.E. Dont say what you arent familiar with.F. Take several deep breaths before you speak.G. This article gives some a

38、dvice on how to give a good speech.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 语法填空Do you enjoy 1（explore） the great outdoors？ Lately， rock climbing has become very popular. Cliff ecosystems are home 2 many living things. Since climbing is a 3（fair） new activity， we dont know its impact on cliff ecosystems.Here， we studied how

39、climbers affect birds that nest on cliffs. We 4（select） cliffs that face different directions. Half of the cliffs are visited by lots of climbers and half by very few climbers. 5（compare） the number and species of birds on these different cliffs， we found that east-facing cliffs have the 6（great） nu

40、mber and diversity of birds. Our results show that north-facing cliffs are the best option for new climbing routes 7 it comes to protecting wildlife. Our solution may help the area to handle the growing number of climbers while protecting cliff ecosystems.Our results show that rock climbing doesnt i

41、mpact the number of birds on a cliff， but it does reduce the diversity of birds on each cliff. Our study helps us understand 8 living things respond to rock climbing. But we need to keep in mind that each climbing area has 9（its） own unique conditions. We need to study the combined impacts of natural and human factors for every10（locate）.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 阅读理解14 CACD 58 CCBD阅读七选五15 GBADC语法填空1. exploring 2. to 3. fairly 4. selected 5. Comparing 6. greatest 7. when 8. how 9. its 10. location学科网（北京）股份有限公司